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Vitamin B6 and B12 Flashcards

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4305233609B6 absorption-Requires dephosphorylation -Primarily in the jejunum0
4305234487Passive diffusion of free formsPhysiological conditions1
4305235160Phoshorylated forms are in excessAbsorbed without dephosphorylation2
4305238242Muscle stores75-80%3
4305241284Liver stores5-10%4
4305242271PhosphorylationPrevents the diffusion of the vitamin out of cells5
4305243107Transamination-Is the transfer of an amino group (-NH2) from one amino acid to an alpha-ketoacid -Important for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids6
4305244967Binding to proteinsPrevent the dephosphorylation7
4305246222DeaminationIs the removal of an amino group (-NH2) for example an amino acid and release as ammonia8
4305246794Decarboxylation-Is the removal of carboxy group (-COO-) from an amino acid or other molecule -For example synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from glutamate9
4305247932Meat productsAdenosylcobalamin10
4305247933Milk productsMethylcobalamin11
4305248668StomachPepsin and HCL release cobalamins from polypeptides12
4305249605R proteins-Found in saliva and gastric juices -Binds to vitamin and protects it from bacterial use13
4305250149Intrinsic factorMade and released in stomach but functions in intestine14
4307560347B6 deficiency stages1. serum 2. cell concentrations diminish 3. biochemical deficiency occurs 4. Megaloblasic macrocytic anemia15
4307560348SerumLow levels of holotranscobalamin II16
4307562551Biochemical deficiency1. decreased dna synthesis 2. elevated homocysteine in serum 3. elevated methylmalonic acid in serum17
4307567053Megaloblasic macrocytic anemiaMay be caused by pernicious anemia 1) autoimmune condition 2) antibodies attack parietal cells 3) decreased IF production18
4307568877Severe B12 deficiencya. Neurological symptoms b. Degeneration of spinal cord c. Presentation: absent reflexes, ataxia, no sense of touch d. results in: severe irreversible brain and nervous system damage, death19

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