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APES: Water Flashcards

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7175584431AdhesionThe tendency of water to stick to other substances0
7175586818BuoyancyThe ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object1
7175587981Capillary ActionThe process that moves water through a narrow porous space2
7175588872CohesionThe attractive force between water molecules3
7175590438DensityThe measure of mass of a substance per unit volume4
7175592040InsolubleNot soluble; does not dissolve in a solvent5
7175593440PolarityUneven distribution of charges across a molecule6
7175594565SolubleHaving the ability to be dissolved in another substance7
7175595318Specific HeatThe amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius8
7175596130Surface TensionThe force that acts on the surface of water9
7175596832Universal SolventThe quality of water that makes it able to dissolve more substances that any other substance10
7175598051SolventThe substance that does the dissolving11
7175598787SoluteThe substance the is being dissolved12
7175600134CondensationThe process of warm air cooling as it rises and releasing moisture in the form of a liquid13
7175601017EvaporationThe process by which a liquid is changed into a vapor14
7175601735Fresh waterWater on Earth that is used for human consumption15
7175602430GroundwaterWater located below Earth's surface16
7175602733Human ConsumptionThe ability for humans to eat/drink17
7175603626HydrosphereThe portion of the Earth that contains water18
7175604193ImpermeableDoes not allow water to move through19
7175604868InfiltrationWater that seeps into rocks and between particles of soil20
7175607662PercolationThe downward movement of water through pores and other spaces in soil due to gravity21
7175608595PermeableHaving pores or openings that allow water (or other liquids) to flow through them22
7175609565PrecipitationThe rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls from clouds onto the Earth's land and oceans23
7175609828RunoffIs precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers. This water later enters oceans24
7175611013TranspirationWater vapor given off by plant photosynthesis25
7175612102Water CycleThe continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean26
7175612931AquiferAn underground layer of rock or soil that holds water27
7175615431Artesian WellA well in which water rises because of pressure within aquifer28
7175616044DroughtA long period of scarce rainfall29
7175617189GlaciersA large mass of moving ice and snow on land30
7175617726HydrologyThe study of water31
7175618381HydrosphereThe portion of Earth that contains water32
7175620354IcecapsA glacier forming on an extensive area of relatively level land and flowing outward from its center33
7175621117IcebergsA large floating mass of ice detached from a glacier34
7175621540ReservoirA lake that stores water for human use35
7175622852River BasinThe region of land drained by a river and its tributaries36
7175623488WatershedThe land area that supplies water to a river system37
7175624396WetlandA land area that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some or all of the year. AKA estuary, swamp, bog38
7175625489OceanographyThe study and exploration of the world's ocean.39
7175626281ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle)Unmanned submersible tethered to a mother ship and operated by pilots using a joy stick.40
7175626887ScubaSelf-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus - device that allows divers to breathe underwater for long periods of time41
7175627930SONARSOund NAvigation Ranging - used to measure ocean depth by sending sound to bounce off the ocean floor.42
7175628975SubmersibleA small submarine used to explore the ocean depths; equipped with windows, lights, mechanical arms, cameras and other scientific instruments capable of seeing and recording data.43
7175629637Abyssal PlainMostly flat portion of ocean floor which provides a home to a variety of unique organisms that are adapted to the extreme conditions of this habitat.44
7175632348BenthosOrganisms that live on or in the ocean floor45
7175633166ChemosynthesisThe production of organic material by energy from chemical reactions rather than light.46
7175633875ConsumerFeed on other organisms (plant or animal) because they cannot make their own food.47
7175634701Continental ShelfExtends from the edge of the continent outward to where the bottom sharply drops off into a steep slope.48
7175636735Continental SlopeThe steep incline between the continental shelf and the abyssal plain49
7175637664EcosystemA community of different but interdependent species and their non-living environment.50
7175638103Estuarybody of water where a river meets the ocean51
7175638816Food ChainA hierarchy of food relationships from the simplest to most complex.52
7175639723HabitatThe immediate space where an animal or plant lives and has food, water and protection.53
7175640069Hydrothermal VentAn opening in the sea floor where super-heated water and other material are discharged into the surrounding seawater54
7175640732Intertidal ZoneThe area that lies between the low-tide and the high-tide line.55
7175641254Mid-Ocean RidgeA chain of undersea mountains that circles the earth through every ocean.56
7175642075NektonFree-swimming organisms whose movements are independent of the tides, currents, and waves57
7175642879Neritic ZoneThe first 200 meters (656 feet) of ocean water, which includes the seashore and most of the continental shelf.58
7175643812Oceanic ZoneExtends from 200 meters (656 feet) deep all the way down to the bottom of the ocean.59
7175644233Ocean trenchThe deepest parts of the ocean. The deepest one is the Marianas Trench (located in the South Pacific Ocean - almost 5 miles (8.05 kilometers) deep.60
7175644637PhotosynthesisA chemical process where plants and algae use a sun's energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water61
7175645140ProducerA living thing that produces its own food within itself, usually by using sunlight energy in photosynthesis62
7175646538SalinityThe amount of dissolved solids in seawater63
7175647700SeamountA volcanic peak that rises at least 3280 feet (1000 m) from the seafloor.64
7175648194UpwellingThe upward movement to the ocean surface of deeper, cold and usually nutrient-rich waters, especially along some shores, due to the offshore movement of surface waters65
7175649664Bio indicatorOrganisms or components of organisms that are used to assess the health of a water system; an organism or community associated with particular environmental condition a change to the number of organisms or the proportions of the community indicate a change in the environment.66
7175650331Dissolved OxygenMeasure of water quality indicating free oxygen dissolved in water.67
7175651163IndicatorA chemical material or solution which can be used to show (usually by a change in color) the endpoint of a chemical reaction or chemical concentration.68
7175652156NitrateNitrogen compounds used for growth by plants and algae; a compound that can be used by photosynthetic life forms to obtain the nitrogen needed for survival69
7175653032pHThe measure of how acidic or basic a substance.70
7175654387pH scaleRating of how acidic or basic a substance is the scale goes from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral values less than 7 being acidic and values greater than 7 being71
7175656074TurbidityA measure of the clarity of the water (how clear is it?)72
7175657480Water qualityUsed to describe the health of a water system73
7175657807ContaminatesAny foreign components in a substance, for example in water.74
7175658218Non-point source pollutionPollution that comes from many places or sources that is not easily identified; pollution that results from water flow picking up trash, toxic chemicals, and other types of waste75
7175659852Point Source pollutionPollution that can be traced to a specific source such as oil that spills from a pipeline76
7175660453PollutantAny substance or form of energy that can cause harm to the environment and make it unfit for use by organisms; any substance that can negatively affect an ecosystem77
7175661134StewardshipResponsibility for conserving and restoring the Earth's resources for future generations78
7175661784WastewaterWater that runs into drains that may contain sewage and chemicals from homes and businesses or pollutants from industry79
7175662836OmnivoreAn organism that eats both plants and animals80
7175664897HerbivoreAn organism that eats only plants81
7175665462CarnivoreAn organism that eats only meat82
7175666416Food webTwo or more food chains that are interconnected83
7175667529Food chainA model that shows the flow of energy from one organism to another84
7175668001PredatorAn animal that hunts for food85
7175668339PreyAn animal that is hunted for food86
7175668680ProducerA plant that make its own food87
7175669629ConsumerAn organism that cannot make its own food and must eat to get energy88
7175670317SeaPart of the ocean surrounded by mostly land89
7175670609SalinityThe concentration of salt in the ocean90
7175671248WaveRhythmic movement of energy in the water caused by high winds91
7175674235UpwellingThe upward movement of cold water from the ocean floor92
7175675292El NinoAbnormal climate event that occurs every 2-7 years93
7175676449Continental ShelfThe gradually sloping end of a continent that extends under the ocean94
7175676939Abyssal PlainsLarge, flat areas on the ocean floor95
7175678473GuyotsFlat topped seamounts96
7175679303TrenchesThe deepest parts of the ocean found along the edge of the ocean floor97
7175680037Mid-ocean RidgeThe area in an ocean basin where new ocean floor is formed98

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