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AP Human Language Vocab Flashcards

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8160333665Language Divergencewhen languages go into dialects because language isn't common in forming new ones. EX- French and Spanish in 20000
8160344317Language Convergenceadjusting your speech to make it more clear for others/two languages coming together Ex- slowing down speech to make one language like another1
8160356504Language Branchsmaller languages of a main language Ex- Celtic, Slavic, Romance2
8160369084Language Group (Sub-Family)a set of languages that have a relatively recent and close origin Ex- English-North American3
8160380750Language Familya group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin Ex- Indo-European4
8160389157Dialecta particular form of a language that is strange to an area or region Ex- Hawaiian Pidgin English5
8160396458Pidgina language that shifts a slurred speaking of a language. a simpler langauge. Ex- Hawaiian Pidgin English6
8160402415Creole (Creolization)an ethnic group that is made by Europeans and non-Europeans Ex- Haiti speaks French Creole7
8160412228Languagea set of sounds and symbols used for communication8
8160420193Multilingualknowing more than 2 languages9
8160424357Bilingualknowing only 2 languages10
8160430727Monolingualknowing only 1 language11
8160442754Language Hotspotsplaces on Earth that are home to the most unique, misunderstood or endangered languages Ex-Australia12
8160453895Ethnolectdialect spoken by a certain ethnic group Ex: New Englanders13
8160463633SlangA type of informal language that is made into more common speech Ex- Lol and Lmao14
8160471702Trade Languagea language used between native speakers at different languages so they can trade Ex; these often become pidgins15
8160487380Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business16
8160498474Toponymythe name by which a place is known as17
8160504136Esperantoa made-up Latin-based language. artificial language used for communication.18
8160510492Conquest Theory of LanguageOne major theory of how Proto-Indo-European diffused into Europe which holds that the early speakers of Proto-Indo-European spread westward on horseback, overpowering earlier inhabitants and beginning the diffusion and differentiation of Indo-European tongues19
8160533938Renfrew Hypothesis of Languagethree areas in and near the first agricultural hearth-same birth to 3 languages20
8160541759Standard Languagea language that is approved as the norm Ex- English in Colchester21
8160558807Polyglota person who speaks more than two languages EX- a 4-year old Russian girl who speaks many languages22
8160572715Isoglossa boundary that separates regions where different languages are predominant Ex- line between English and Spanish speakers23
8160604053Sound Shifta slight change in a word across languages within a subfamily Ex-theatre and theater24
8160621942Deep Reconstructiontechnique using the vocab of extra languages to re-create the language Ex- Proto-Indo-European and Nostratic languages25
8160649443Preliterate Societiespeople who speak and hear a language, but do not write it, Ex- You can speak and hear Chinese, but can't write the symbols26
8160660647Linguistic Refuge Areasan area protected by isolation or conditions in which a dialect has survived Ex- tribes on weeds27
8160687323Language Replacement (Extinction)getting rid of a language and replacing it with another28
8160697160Proto-Indo-Europeanlinguistic programs;the existence of ancient Indo-European languages Ex- Hearth for Latin, Greek, etc.29
8160715019Nostraticlanguage believed to be the ancestral language of the Proto-Indo-European, Karlevelin languages Ex- Hungarian, Turkish, etc.30

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