6016242774 | Pie Chart | Qualitative data display that shows how a "whole" divides into categories using wedges of a circle whose area corresponds to the category proportions; avoid when there are many different categories | ![]() | 0 |
6016242775 | Outliers | Individual observation(s) that falls outside the overall pattern of the distribution; often unusually high or low values | ![]() | 1 |
6016242776 | Bar Chart | Qualitative display showing the frequency or relative frequency for each category next to the each other for easy comparison. | ![]() | 2 |
6016242777 | Segmented Bar Chart | Qualitative display where sub-categories are represented by a segment of the bar which is proportional to its relative frequency; aka stacked bar chart | ![]() | 3 |
6016242778 | Relative Frequency | Proportion of a data set with a certain value (or range of values); allows meaningful comparisons between data sets even if the sample sizes differ | ![]() | 4 |
6016242779 | Stem and Leaf Plot | Quantitative display that groups similar values into class intervals while still displaying the individual data values; useful for discussing shape and outliers of relatively small data sets | ![]() | 5 |
6016242782 | Histogram | Quantitative display that groups silimar values into class intervals whose relative frequencies are represented by adjacent bars; useful for discussing shape and outliers of larger data sets | ![]() | 6 |
6016242783 | Class interval | Span of values of a quantitative (usually continuous) variable; used to group similar values together to identify larger patterns | ![]() | 7 |
6016242784 | Frequency Distribution | Quantitative display that shows each measurements of a sample and the number of times each measurement was observed | ![]() | 8 |
6016242785 | Cumulative relative frequency | The proportion of a data set that is less than or equal to a given value or interval | ![]() | 9 |
6016242788 | Mode | Most common value(s) in a data set; visually the peak of a data distribution | ![]() | 10 |
6016242789 | unimodal | Having one mode; shape of a data distribution with a single peak | ![]() | 11 |
6016242790 | bimodal | Having two modes; shape of a data distribution with two, approximately equal peaks | ![]() | 12 |
6016242791 | uniform | Distribution with approximately equal frequencies for all values or class intervals; shape of a distribution with very little variation in frequency | ![]() | 13 |
6016242792 | Skewed right | Distribution where the positive tail stretches significantly farther than the negative tail | ![]() | 14 |
6016242793 | normal curve | Symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes many distributions; most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes | ![]() | 15 |
6016242794 | Heavy-tailed | Distribution whose upper and lower tails do not decline as rapidly as a normal curve; more variability than a normal distribution | ![]() | 16 |
6016242795 | Light-tailed | Distribution whose upper and lower tails decline more rapidly than the normal curve; less variability than a normal distribution | ![]() | 17 |
6016242796 | Sampling Variability | The tendency of sample results to differ between samples—something we must measure in order to effectively do inference | ![]() | 18 |
6016242797 | Scatterplot | Quantitative display which represents the values of two variables; can be used to determine the direction and strength of the relationship between the two variables | ![]() | 19 |
6016242798 | Time series plot | Quantitative display used to study patterns in the values over time; points can be connected since neither variable is independent | ![]() | 20 |
6016335147 | Comparative Bar Chart | Qualitative display where sub-categories are represented by seperate bars that are grouped together into categories | ![]() | 21 |
6016529185 | Skewed left | Distribution where the negative tail stretches significantly farther than the positive tail | ![]() | 22 |
AP Statistics (POD 3) Flashcards
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