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| 5725229091 | Endocrine System | Releases hormones, chemicals released by *ductless glands* into the blood stream that can have an effect anywhere in the body | 0 | |
| 5725229092 | Tropic hormones | Hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands to release their hormones | 1 | |
| 5725229093 | Pheromones | Hormones released by one animal that affect other animals | 2 | |
| 5725229094 | Nitric Oxide | Hormone found in vertebrates Gas released by one cell and reaches neighboring cells by diffusion | 3 | |
| 5725229095 | Control Metamorphosis in Insects | Hormones: ecdysone, juvenile hormone, brain hormone | 4 | |
| 5725229096 | Hypothalamus | Bridge between endocrine and nervous systems Sends electrical signals to adrenal gland to release adrenaline Releases *oxytocin* and *antidiuretic hormone* into posterior pituitary for storage | 5 | |
| 5725229097 | Anterior Pituitary | Growth hormone (GH)- Bone growth Luteinizing hormone (LH)- Ovaries and testes Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)- Thyroid to release thyroxin Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)- Adrenal cortex to release cortisol Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- gonads to produce gametes | 6 | |
| 5725229098 | Posterior Pituitary | Stores and releases hormones (*oxytocin*-stimulates contraction of uterus and mammary glands during labor and *ADH*- stimulates the collecting tubule in nephron) from hypothalamus | 7 | |
| 5725229099 | Thyroid Gland | Releases *thyroxin*- controls rate of metabolism Releases *calcitonin*- lowers blood calcium levels by facilitating uptake of calcium by bones | 8 | |
| 5725229100 | Parathyroid Gland | Releases *parathormone*- raises blood calcium levels by removing calcium from bones Works in opposition to *calcitonin* | 9 | |
| 5725229101 | Adrenal Cortex | Responds to stress by releasing corticosteroids- *cortisol* Raises blood sugar levels | 10 | |
| 5725229102 | Adrenal Medulla | Releases *epinephrine (adrenaline)*- the "fight or flight" hormone- raises blood sugar levels by increasing breakdown of glycogen in liver | 11 | |
| 5725229103 | Pancreas | Functions as both endocrine gland (releasing hormones) and exocrine gland (releasing digestive enzymes) Releases *insulin* to lower blood glucose levels Releases glucagon to raise blood glucose levels | 12 | |
| 5725229104 | Thymus Gland | Most active in fetal and postnatal life Essential to development of a normal immune system Stimulates proliferation of T-lymphcytes | 13 | |
| 5725229105 | Pineal Gland | In brain Secretes hormone melatonin | 14 | |
| 5725229106 | Ovaries | *Estrogen*- stimulates uterine lining, promotes development and maintenance of primary and secondary sexual characteristics *Progesterone*- promotes growth of uterine lining | 15 | |
| 5725229107 | Testes | *Testosterone*- supports sperm production and secondary sexual characteristics | 16 | |
| 5725229108 | Positive Feedback | Mechanisms amplify an already existing response and bring a process to an end |  | 17 |
| 5725229109 | Negative Feedback | Mechanisms maintain homeostasis |  | 18 |
| 5725229110 | Signal-Transduction Pathway | 1. Chemicals bind to a receptor on the surface of the plasma membrane 2. Triggers a *secondary messenger* (cAMP or calcium ions) 3. Converts chemical signal to a specific cellular response from the nucleus |  | 19 |
