9414946788 | Vasco De Gama | Portuguese, sailed beneath the southern tip of Africa into the Indian Ocean | 0 | |
9414946789 | Magellan | Portuguese, tried to sail around the World | 1 | |
9414946790 | English East India Comapny | 1600, started by individual citizens who would travel to India and resell the goods in England for higher prices | 2 | |
9414946791 | Aztec Empire | Empire in central Mexico, capital was Tenochtitlan, military based empire | 3 | |
9414946792 | Montezuma | Ninth Aztec emperor, famous for his confrontation with Hernes Cortes | 4 | |
9414946793 | Cavavels | A small, highly maneuverable sailing ship created by the Portuguese | 5 | |
9414946794 | English East India Company | Stock company, travelled to India and would resell Indian goods in England for high prices, the foundation of coperations | 6 | |
9414946795 | Colombian Exchange | Trade of livestock, vegetables, coffee, tobacco, disease, and slaves from the Old World to the New World, caused a dramatic demographic shift in the Americas | 7 | |
9414946796 | Jamestown | First British colony in North America, named after King James I of ENgland | 8 | |
9414946797 | Little Ice Age | Period between 1300-1870 in which Europe and North America were subjected to colder winds | 9 | |
9414946798 | Chattel Slavery | The owning of human beings as property | 10 | |
9414946799 | Louis XIV | Revoked the Edict of Nantes, ruled for 72 years, known as the "sun king" | 11 | |
9414946800 | Mercantilism | A system in which a country accumulates wealth through trade | 12 | |
9414946801 | Sikhism | A religion formed in the late 15th century in India | 13 | |
9414946802 | Peninsulars | A European (Spanish or Portuguese) living in the Americas, small % of the population | 14 | |
9414946803 | Creoles | A European born in the Americas | 15 | |
9414946804 | Mestizos | A person with both European and Native descent | 16 | |
9414946805 | Treaty of Tordesillas | A compromise between the Spanish and the Portuguese which gave both of them land in the Americas | 17 | |
9414946806 | Pizzaro | Spanish conquistador, killed Inca Empire and brought the lands under Spanish control | 18 | |
9414946807 | Erasmus | Catholic priest, learned to speak Greek so he could translate the original bible | 19 | |
9414946808 | Humanism | The ideology that you can still enjoy the world around you while reaching salvation, a mixture of Catholicism and Secularism | 20 | |
9414946809 | Council of Trent | A meeting to make reforms to the Catholic church in response to the Protestant reformation | 21 | |
9414946810 | Diet of Worms | Meeting between Pope Leo X, Charles V, and Martin Luther, Pope Leo tries to make Luther repent his sins, Luther leaves as a heratic | 22 | |
9414946811 | John Calvin | Calvinism, pre-destination: god's plan | 23 | |
9414946812 | Society of Jesus (Jesuits) | A society devoted to Catholic education and missionary work | 24 | |
9414946813 | Thirty Years War | A series of wars in the Holy Roman Empire, ended in 1648 with the treaty of Westphalia | 25 | |
9414946814 | Treaty of Westphalia | Ended the Thirty Years War, allowed German princes to choose their faith, Europe is permanently religiously divided | 26 | |
9414946815 | Henry VIII | Tudor family, created the Church of England, had six wives | 27 | |
9414946816 | Elizabeth I | Stabilized England by creating the Anglican Church | 28 | |
9414946817 | Absolute Monarchy | A form of government in which the king has absolute authority over the state | 29 | |
9414946818 | Charles I | Didn't work with parliament, raised tax to be apart of the Thirty Years War, arrested the Parliament which led to the English Civil War, Executed for treason | 30 | |
9414946819 | Oliver Cromwell | New leader of the English republic/commonwealth, had strict puritan laws (anti-anglican, extreme protestant) | 31 | |
9414946820 | Glorious Revolution | The overthrow of James II by William and Mary of Orange, "bloodless revolution" | 32 | |
9414946821 | Cardinal Richelieu | Regent for Louis XIII (9 year old king), Clergy of French Catholic Church | 33 | |
9414946822 | Louis XIV | 72 years long rule, revoked the "edict of nantes" (edict that let huguenots worship freely) | 34 | |
9414946823 | Adam Smith | Scottish philosopher and economist, wrote the "wealth of nations" | 35 | |
9414946824 | Hacienda | (spanish) a large estate or plantation with a dwelling house | 36 | |
9414946825 | Indentured Servant | Men or woman who signed a contract in by which they agreed to work a certain number of years in exchange for food, transportation, and housing (North America) | 37 | |
9414946826 | Songhai Empire | Western African empire in the 15th and 16th century | 38 | |
9414946827 | King Alfonso I | First African king to convert to Catholicism | 39 | |
9414946828 | Triangular Slave Trade | The exchange of crops, livestock, luxury goods, and slaves between Europe, Africa, and the New World | 40 | |
9414946829 | Middle Passage | The transfer of slaves across the Atlantic Ocean, horrible conditions, 25% died on voyage | 41 | |
9414946830 | African Diaspora | Spread of Africans, creation of African-American culture | 42 | |
9414946831 | Romanov Dynasty | The second dynasty to rule over Russia, ruled until the 20th century | 43 | |
9414946832 | Peter the Great | Westernized Russia, creates a naval military first, creates city of St. Petersburg, created social laws | 44 | |
9414946833 | Catherine the Great | Most renowned and and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia | 45 | |
9414946834 | Zheng He | Chinese explorer, traveled to regions such as Asia and Africa | 46 | |
9414946835 | Ming Dynasty | Overthrew the Yuan Dynasty (Mongols), focused on the restoration of Chinese culture (meritocracy, mandate of heaven, confucianism), banned foreigners | 47 | |
9414946836 | Qing Dynasty | Run by Manchurians, last Chinese dynasty | 48 | |
9414946837 | Tokugawa Ieyusa | Created a centralized government in Japan, rejected relationships with westerners (except for the Dutch) | 49 | |
9414946838 | Ottoman Empire | Longest Islamic empire, expands with the fall of the Byzantine empire | 50 | |
9414946839 | Sultan Mehmed II | "the conqueror", Islamic Sultan who sieged Constantinople and expanded the Ottoman empire | 51 | |
9414946840 | Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent | Expands the Ottoman empire into N. Africa and E. Africa, makes education reforms, gives Jews/Christians protection under the law | 52 | |
9414946841 | Janissaries | Elite Islamic military | 53 | |
9414946842 | Safavid Empire | Islamic empire based in Persia | 54 | |
9414946843 | Shah Ismail | Unites the people under religion, thought to be the 12th Imam who will spread true Islam | 55 | |
9414946844 | Shah Abbas | Considered the strongest ruler of the Safavid Dynasty | 56 | |
9414946845 | Mughal Empire | Islamic state in India ran by turkish people, overthrows the Sulnate of Dehli | 57 | |
9414946846 | Akbar | A sultanate of the Mughal Empire, Expands into S. India, unifies the state, religiously tolerant, works w/ ottomans | 58 | |
9414946847 | Aurangzeb | A sultanate of the Mughal Empire, burns down Hindu temples, triples taxes on Hindus | 59 | |
9414946848 | Taj Mahel | An ivory-white marble mausoleum, commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, to house the tomb of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal | 60 | |
9414946849 | Martin Luther | German monk, upsetted by activities taking place in the Roman Catholic Church | 61 | |
9414946850 | Diet of Worms | A meeting between Pope Leo X, Charles V, and Martin Luther to discuss Luther's acts of heresy | 62 | |
9414946851 | Lutheranism | Authority straight from the Bible, free will- all of us are sinners, spoke in the vernacular | 63 | |
9414946852 | Calvanism | John Calvin, pre-destination | 64 | |
9414946853 | The Renaissance | 14th and 15th century Europe, rebirth of liberal arts, starts in Italy | 65 | |
9414946854 | Leonardo Da Vinci | Artist, Inventor, Botanist, Invented sanitation systems and flying machines, painted the Mona Lisa, wrote backwards | 66 | |
9414946855 | Michelangelo | Da Vinci's rival, statue of David, Sistine chapel | 67 | |
9414946856 | Edict of Nantes | Allowed French Protestants to worship freely | 68 | |
9414946857 | Huguenots | French Protestants | 69 | |
9414946858 | Galileo | Uses telescope to prove heliocentrism, work was banned by the Catholic church and he was put on house arrest | 70 |
AP World Period 4 Flashcards
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