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| 7630560171 | Past temp can be inferred from: | •Radioisotopes in rocks •ancient gas trapped in bubbles | 0 | |
| 7630560172 | Why is climate changing | •greenhouse gas •solar radiation reaching surface of earth •1% of lower atmosphere (vapor, water) | 1 | |
| 7630560173 | Clouds | Part of a positive feedback loop that elevate ocean temp ; as oceans absorb more CO2, they absorb less heat | 2 | |
| 7630560174 | Volcanoes | Can change climate temporarily | 3 | |
| 7630560175 | Where do greenhouse gases come from | CO2 CH4 CFCs SO2 | 4 | |
| 7630636765 | Indicator of dangerous climate change | global atmospheric temp increases above 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit | 5 | |
| 7630654506 | Possible effects of snow and ice melt | -rising sea levels (slowed jetstreams) -faster melting of land-based ice -increased rainfall -shrinkage of mountain glaciers | 6 | |
| 7630677112 | Effects of permafrost melt | -60x more CO2 is emitted than from burning fossil fuels -Methane is present on Arctic sea floor -increase in rainfall will cause tropical wetlands to expand; produce more plants that will decay and release methane from anaerobic decay | 7 | |
| 7630701505 | Rising sea levels | -Projected to flood low-lying urban areas, coastal estuaries, wetlands, coral reefs and barrier island and beaches -Global warming could alter ocean currents and cause both excessive warming and severe cooling | 8 | |
| 7630734866 | Serious effects of oceans on the rise | -Degradation of 1/3 of coastal estuaries, wetlands, coral reefs, and deltas -disruption of fisheries -flooding and erosion -submersion of low-lying land | 9 | |
| 7630748737 | ocean acidification | -rising levels of CO2 are responsible for increaed acidity of oceans -threatens coral and other shelled organisms -decreased population of basis of ocean food chain | 10 | |
| 7630841867 | severe droughts | -evaporation due to higher temps exceeds precipitation -hypothesized higher temp due to atmospheric warming -water cycle making more water vapor (greenhouse gas) -less growth of trees and other plants which reduce removal of CO2 -soils dry out and wild fires become more frequent | 11 | |
| 7630954000 | options for dealing w/ climate change | mitigation: slow and avoid climate change tipping points-reduce greenhouse gas emissions adaptation: recognize some warming is unavoidable and develop strategies that reduce harmful effects | 12 | |
| 7630984657 | clean up greenhouse gas emissions | -increase uptake of co2 by implementing global tree planting program -restore wetlands that have been drained -plant large areas of degraded land wih fast growing perennial plants -use biochar -carbon capture and storage | 13 | |
| 7631019975 | Major prevention strategies | -improve energy efficiency to reduce fossil fuel use -shift from carbon based fossil fuels to low carbon renewable resources -stop cutting down tropical forests and plant trees to remove more CO2 from atmospjere -shift to sustainable and climate friendly agriculture | 14 | |
| 7631086887 | 2012 FRQ Describe 1 alternative energy source that would reduce carbon footprint; 1 benefit and 1 drawback | Wind turbines- used to capture energy from wind to produce electricity -benefit: minimal habitat disruption, produces no air pollution -drawback: requires large expanse of land/habitat, requires toxic materials for production | 15 | |
| 7632432170 | 2012 FRQ Part B identify 2 ecological benefits provided by intact forest ecoystems | -provide homes/shelter for wildlife -maintain biodiversity | 16 | |
| 7632438488 | 2012 FRQ Part C (i) | 1 ha x 2.7x10^5kg/ha x 0.5=1.35x10^5kg | 17 | |
| 7632440337 | 2012 FRQ Part C (ii) | 3.0x10^5gal x 10kg co2/gal x 0.27 kg C/kg CO2 =8.1x10^5 kg | 18 | |
| 7632441570 | 2012 FRQ Part C (iii) | 8.1x10^5 kg/1.35x10^5 kg/ha=6ha | 19 | |
| 7632442881 | 2012 FRQ Part C (iv) | 6hax $12,000/ha = $72,000 | 20 | |
| 7631124651 | 2011 FRQ part A Explain how increase in amount of dissolved co2 in ocean water results in decrease in PH of ocean water | when co2 dissolves in ocean water it forms an acid | 21 | |
| 7631146110 | 2011 FRQ part B explain why movement of carbon into ocean has been increasing | -concentration of CO2 in atmosphere has increased -source of increase in CO2 in atmosphere is burning of fossil fuels | 22 | |
| 7631156431 | 2011 FRQ Part C calculate current annual global increse in volume of CaCO3 in coral reefs | 2.5X10^11 m^2 X 3mm/year X 1m/1X10^3mm =7.5X10^8 m^3 per year | 23 | |
| 7631163517 | 2011 FRQ part C (cont) calculate current annual increase in mass of CaCO3 in coral reefs | 7.5X10^8 m^3/year X 2x10^3 kg/1m^3 = 1.5X10^8 m^3 per year | 24 | |
| 7631176401 | 2011 FRQ Part C (cont) | 0.2X1.5X10^12 kg= 3x10^11 kg | 25 | |
| 7631192769 | 2011 FRQ Part D Identify 1 neg environmental impact of loss of coral reefs | impact: loss of habitat description: -elimination of food source for marine life -loss of breeding grounds for fish and birds -loss of shelter | 26 | |
| 7631200370 | 2011 FRQ Part E Identify 1 environmental problem that affects marine ecosystems | increased ocean temperatures | 27 | |
| 7631206028 | 2010 FRQ Part A calculate expected increase in sea level | 3.0 mm/year x 50 years = 150 mm= 0.15 m | 28 | |
| 7631212449 | 2010 FRQ part B identify 2 phenomena that result from increase in global atmospheric temp | Phenomena: melting of Antarctic ice shelves explanation: ice shelves are attatched to continental ice and do not displace liquid water; if they break off, they will displace water and raise the sea levels | 29 | |
| 7631225950 | 2010 FRQ part B (cont) | Phenomena: thermal expansion of the ocean Description: as water warms, water molecules move farther apart, and the volume of the ocean increases | 30 | |
| 7631232137 | 2010 FRQ Part C 2 environmental impacts that increasing sea levels will have on ecosystem | Impact: loss/erosion of habitat Description: loss of wetlands may lead to changes in water depth, light levels and temp, causing migration of species | 31 | |
| 7631237162 | 2010 FRQ part C (cont) | Impact: increased nutrient loads in water Description: estuaries filter out excess nutrients; w/o them, eutrophication may lead to algai blooms | 32 |
