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AP World History Period 2 Flashcards

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7963940068Achaemenid empireMesopotamia, pastoralists (little agriculture), sting military, Cyrus the Achaemenid, Darius, Cambyses0
7963940069PastorialismThe domestication of animals1
7963940070Cyrus the Achaemenidthe founder and leader of the Achaemenid Empire2
7963940071Achaemenid Empire administrationPlaced into 23 satrapies led by Persian leaders called satrap, regulates taxes with silver animals and slaves, issued standardized coins, Persian royal road3
7963940072Persian Royal RoadTurkey to Iran, lodging/ food stations4
7963940073Persian society and cultureIncreased slavery, wealth gap grew, caste system like India, patriarchal, flourishing trade5
7963940074Zoroastrianismsystem of religion founded in Persia in the 6th century BC by Zoroastra, holy book = Avesta, main god= Anura Mazda6
7963940075Persian WarsTwo failed attempts by the Persian Empire in the 400s BCE to conquer the Greeks7
7963940076Macedonian EmpireFounded by Phillip II united Greece and conquered Persian Empire, richest empire8
7963940077Alexander the GreatConquered all of Greece, never lost a battle, watch crash course over him9
7963940078ConfusianismCreated by Confucius, focused on political and ethical behaviors, based on behaving appropriately, kindness and the importance of family10
7963940079DoaismCritic of confusionism, founder- laozi, believed that human striving brings chaos, advanced education, act selfless and live simply11
7963940080LegalismDeveloped during 4 BCE by Shang Yang, stressed the importance of agriculture and the military, believed in strict punishments, ended period of warring states12
7963940081Qin DynastyWith legalism = strongest state, established centralized rule, created a highway system, burning of literature13
7963940082Han DynastyAfter first empires death, Han zhou became first emporer, patriarchal14
7963940083Trade in IndiaLuxury goods, political and military links brought India into transcontinental trade from China to Mediterranean15
7963940084Magadha kingdomIn India, located on Ganges river, led by Ashoka who conquered kingdoms south, collapsed due to financial problems16
7963940085Gupta EmpireGolden Age of India, decentralized, restored Hinduism, based in Magadha, formed under alliances, discovered 0, collapsed after weakening of money and resources after nomadic invasions from the White Huns17
7963940086AshokaIndian, Leader of Magadha, issued imperial decrees, centralized government, spread agriculture and Buddhism18
7963940087India society and caste systemPatriarchal, women had some power in homes, very strict social order19
7963940088India religionThree major religions: Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism20
7963940089JainismPreached non violence, everything has a soul, popular to lower caste members21
7963940090BactriaPromoted trade, linked India to Central Asia, intense cultural and commercial exchange, conquered by kushans22
7963940091KushansConquered bactrians, allowed trade across empire, spread Buddhism23
7963940092MinoniansFirst Greeks, on Crete island, largest city was Knossos, developed alphabet, trades across Mediterranean, fell due to natural disasters and invasion24
7963940093MycenaeAfter Minoans and developed their alphabet, in Greece, engaged in war with Troy and collapsed25
7963940094SpartansMilitaristic society, fought with Athenians26
7963940095Greek society and culturePromotes commercial and economic organizations, patriarchal, slavery was common, olympics, cults27
7963940096EtruscansCredited w the development and expansion of Rome28
7963940097The Roman EmpireOver three etruscans, 2 consuls lead the republic for 6 month terms, the senates advised and elected consuls, created the twelve tables (laws)29
7963940098Roman expansionHad established control over politics, economics and military; this lead to rivalry30
7963940099CarthageGreek, originally a phonecian colony31
7963940100Roman classesPatriticians (elite) and pleabians (less)32
7963940101Pax RomanaPeriod of peace in Rome, lasted 250 years, roads and bridges built, cities grew, women gained more rights, slavery = 1/3 pop33
7964037975JudiasmFirst monotheistic religion, Torah is the holy book, yaweh is the god, not popular because they were surrounded by so many polytheistic religions34
7964037976ChristianityAppealed to lower class because of fair chance At afterlife, in Jerusalem, not pop because it was mono surrounded by poly35
7964037977BuddhismIndia, god was Buddha / Gautama, 4 noble truths with 8 fold path, desire = root of all evil36
7964037978HinduismExcluded lower caste, polytheistic, originated in India, moral law code: darma, had moshka: balance37

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