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| 4743717235 | primary air pollutants | produced by humans & nature (CO, CO2, SO2, NO, hydrocarbons, particulates) | 0 | |
| 4743717236 | particulate matter | sources include burning fossil fuels and car exhaust. Effects include reduced visibility, respiratory irritation. Methods of reduction include filtering, electrostatic precipitators, alternative energy). | 1 | |
| 4743717237 | ozone | Secondary pollutant, NO2 + UV NO + O; O + O2 O3, with VOCs. O3 causes respiratory irritation and plant damage. Reduced by reducing NO emissions and VOCs | 2 | |
| 4743717521 | sulfur oxides (SOx) | Primary source is coal burning. Primary and secondary effects include acid deposition, respiratory irritation, plant damage. Reduction methods include: scrubbers, burn low sulfur fuel. | 3 | |
| 4743717522 | carbon dioxide | Sources include the combustion of fossil fuels. Effects: greenhouse gas- contributes to global warming. Reduction accomplished by increased fuel efficiency (gas mileage), mass transit (reduction). | 4 | |
| 4743717758 | ozone depletion | caused by CFCs, methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, halon, methyl bromide all of which attack stratospheric ozone. Negative effects include increased UV, skin cancer, cataracts, and decreased plant growth. | 5 | |
| 4743717759 | greenhouse gases | Most significant: H2O, CO2, methane (CH4), CFCs. Trap outgoing infrared energy (heat) causing earth to warm. | 6 | |
| 4743718227 | greenhouse effect | a vital process, required for life to exist on Earth. If accelerated, bad, leads to global warming. | 7 | |
| 4743718228 | effects of global warming | rising sea level (due to thermal expansion not melting ice), extreme weather, droughts (famine), and extinctions. | 8 | |
| 4743718540 | electricity generation | steam, from water boiled by fossils fuels or nuclear energy, or falling water is used to turn a generator. | 9 | |
| 4743719096 | petroleum (crude oil) formation | microscopic aquatic organisms in sediments converted by heat & pressure into a mixture of hydrocarbons. | 10 | |
| 4743719097 | petroleum pros | cheap, easily transported, high-quality energy. Cons: reserves depleted soon, pollution during drilling, transport and refining, land subsidence, burning oil produces CO2. | 11 | |
| 4743719454 | coal formation | prehistoric plants buried undecomposed in oxygen-depleted water of swamps/bogs converted by heat and pressure. | 12 | |
| 4743719455 | ranks of coal | peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite coal. | 13 | |
| 4743720284 | PCBs (polychlorinated Biphenyls) | Stable, long-lived, carcinogenic chlorinated hydrocarbons. Produced by the electronics industry. | 14 | |
| 4743720285 | multiple use public lands | National Forest & National Resource lands | 15 | |
| 4743720672 | moderately restricted use public lands | National Wildlife Refuges | 16 | |
| 4743720877 | restricted use public lands | National parks & National Wilderness Preservation System | 17 | |
| 4743720878 | Rachel Carson | published Silent Spring in 1962; documented the environmental damage done by DDT and other pesticides which heightened public awareness at the start of the modern environmental movement. | 18 | |
| 4743721560 | John Muir | founded Sierra Club in 1892; fought unsuccessfully to prevent the damming of the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park. Gifford Pinchot: first chief of the US Forest Service; advocated managing resources for multiple use using principles of sustainable yield. | 19 | |
| 4743721561 | Aldo Leopold | wrote A Sand County Almanac published a year after his death in 1948; promoted a "Land Ethic" in which humans are ethically responsible for serving as the protectors of nature. | 20 | |
| 4743722079 | sustainable development | the idea that economic improvement for the world's poorest populations is possible without devastating the environment | 21 | |
| 4743722543 | ecological footprint | to measure the demands placed on nature by individuals and nations. A simple questionnaire of 16 items gives a rough estimate of your personal footprint. | 22 |
