Terms : Hide Images
| 5763101900 | Memory | The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information |  | 0 |
| 5763101901 | Encoding | processing of getting information *into* the memory system |  | 1 |
| 5763101902 | Storage | *Maintaining* encoded information in memory over time. | 2 | |
| 5763101903 | Retrieval | process by which stored information is *recovered* from long term memory | 3 | |
| 5763101904 | Atkinson and Shiffrin | Information Processing Model -- to encode, store and retrieve | 4 | |
| 5763101906 | Sensory Memory | The first stop for external events. A split second holding tank for incoming sensory information. |  | 5 |
| 5763101907 | Short Term Memory | The stage of memory where information is stored for up to 30 seconds prior to either being forgotten or transferred to long term memory. |  | 6 |
| 5763101908 | Long Term Memory | Relatively permanent and limitless storage of memory. | | 7 |
| 5763101909 | Baddeley | a psychologist who introduced a newer understanding of short term memory that provided evidence for four components of working memory (phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, the central executive, and the episodic buffer) | 8 | |
| 5763101910 | Working Memory | taking in new information, processing it, and matching it to previous memories in order to make sense of it all |  | 9 |
| 5763101911 | Phonological Loop | An area of working memory that stores a limited number of sounds received from the echoic memory for up to two seconds unless information is rehearsed. | 10 | |
| 5763101914 | Explicit Memory | Some information that we encode is put there purposefully. We are actively engaged and want to remember it | | 11 |
| 5763101915 | Implicit Memory | Some information that we encode happens without much effort and enters into storage almost automatically | | 12 |
| 5763101916 | Non Declarative Memory | procedural memory, classical conditioning, priming |  | 13 |
| 5763101917 | Declarative Memory | It refers to memories which can be consciously recalled such as facts and events. | | 14 |
| 5763101918 | Semantic Memory | A subdivision of declarative memory that stores general knowledge, including the meanings of words and concepts. | 15 | |
| 5763101920 | Procedural Memory | memory for skills, including perceptual, motor, and cognitive skills required to complete tasks |  | 16 |
| 5763101921 | Primers | the activation of particular associations in memory, by a keyword or some other type of sensory input | 17 | |
| 5763101922 | Parallel Processing | processing multiple types of information at the same time | 18 | |
| 5763101923 | Automatic Processing | unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meaning | 19 | |
| 5763101924 | Effortful / Deep Processing | encoding that requires attention and conscious effort; (ex. studying - what you're doing right now) | 20 | |
| 5763101925 | Shallow Processing | encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words | 21 | |
| 5763101927 | Recall | memory is the ability to retrieve exact information learned at an earlier time | 22 | |
| 5763101926 | Elaborate Rehearsal | Repetition that creates associations between the new memory and the existing memory |  | 23 |
| 5763101928 | Recognition | a measure of memory in which a person only needs to identify items previously learned | 24 | |
| 5763101929 | Relearning | the principle that if you've learned something and forgot it, you probably will learn the material more easily the second time | 25 | |
| 5763101931 | Spacing Effect | rehearsal of information with spaced breaks between sessions | 26 | |
| 5763101932 | Ebbinhaus | The course of forgetting is initially rapid, that levels off with time |  | 27 |
| 5763101933 | Iconic Memory | The visual information that we are working with temporarily | 28 | |
| 5763101934 | Acoustic Memory | The processing and encoding of sounds , words and other auditory input | 29 | |
| 5763101935 | Chunking | Organizing items into smaller, more familiar and manageable units | 30 | |
| 5763101936 | Mnemonics | learning aids, strategies, and devices that improve recall through the use of retrieval cues | 31 | |
| 5763101937 | Acronym | Making a word from the first letters of the words that we are to remember |  | 32 |
| 5763101938 | Amygdala (Episodic Memory) | Emotional Memory- triggers stress hormones that influence memory formation |  | 33 |
| 5763101919 | Episodic Memory | A type of explicit or declarative memory that consists of personal experiences and events tied to particular times and places. | | 34 |
| 5763101939 | Cerebellum | Processes conditioned behaviors |  | 35 |
| 5763101940 | Hippocampus (Semantic Memory) | Processes mostly factual information, names, images and spatial imagery, and verbal information |  | 36 |
| 5763101941 | Long Term Potentiation | an increase in a neuron's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory |  | 37 |
| 5763101942 | Eric Kandel | established that learning produces changes at the neuronal level, in turn facilitated by alterations in gene expression | 38 | |
| 5763101943 | Engram | physical trace or etching of memory in the brain | 39 | |
| 5763101945 | Frontal Lobe | key for working memory and stores explicits memories for facts and information |  | 40 |
| 5763101946 | Flashbulb Memories | detailed recollections of when and where we heard about shocking events |  | 41 |
| 5763101947 | Eidetic Memory | photographic memory | 42 | |
| 5763101950 | State Dependent Theory | what we learn in one emotional or physical state is sometimes more easily recalled when we are again in that same emotional state | 43 | |
| 5763101951 | Mood Congruency | our current moods may bias our past memories | 44 | |
| 5763101952 | Serial Position Effect | With rehearsal, be aware of your tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list |  | 45 |
| 5763101953 | Primacy Effect | Recall is strongest for items at the beginning of a list. | 46 | |
| 5763101954 | Recency Effect | the more accurate recall of items presented at the end of a series | 47 | |
| 5763101955 | Anterograde Amnesia | an inability to form new memories damage to the Hippocampus |  | 48 |
| 5763101956 | Henry Mollison | He had complete anterograde amnesia, some retrograde, could still implicitly learn. Hippocampus removed for seizures. | 49 | |
| 5763101957 | Retrograde Amnesia | An inability to retrieve information from one's past. |  | 50 |
| 5763101959 | Daniel Schacter | Harvard Psychologist thatspecified seven ways in which our memories fail us (three sins of omission(forgetting), three sins of commission(distortion), one sin of intrusion. | 51 | |
| 5763101960 | Transience | forgetting over time (Ebbinhaus) | 52 | |
| 5763101961 | Absent Mindedness | inattention to detail leads to poor encoding, trivial storage, and often failed retrieval |  | 53 |
| 5763101962 | Blocking | A failure to retrieve information that is available in memory even though you are trying to produce it | 54 | |
| 5763101963 | Retroactive Interference | occurs when new information makes it harder to recall something you learned earlier | 55 | |
| 5763101964 | Proactive Interference | occurs when something you learned earlier (an old memory) disrupts your ability to create a new memory | 56 | |
| 5763101965 | PORN | Proactive - old info prevents you from remembering new Retroactive - new int prevents you from remembering old info | 57 | |
| 5763101966 | Misattribution | A memory fault that occurs when memories are retrieved but are associated with the wrong time, place, or person. | 58 | |
| 5763101967 | Source Amnesia | occurs when you attribute memories to things that you think you experienced, but in reality you incorporated things from others sources, like books or films | 59 | |
| 5763101968 | Suggestibility | effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories | 60 | |
| 5763101971 | Deja Vu | the eerie sense that"I've experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience |  | 61 |
| 5763101972 | Elizabeth Loftus | showed how easily memories could be changed and falsely created by techniques such as leading questions and illustrating the inaccuracy in eyewitness testimony |  | 62 |
| 5763144433 | Echoic Memory | Temporary auditory information | 63 | |
| 5763165089 | Rehearsal | the conscious repetition of information | 64 | |
| 5763177815 | Testing Effect | Practicing retrieval multiple times while encoding new material | 65 | |
| 5763192437 | Acoustic Mneumonic | Acoustical encoding may also enhance the processing of other information by applying rhyme schemes, stories, songs, etc. to the information | 66 | |
| 5763220383 | Visual Mneumonic (Method of Loci) | Visual encoding may also enhance the processing of other information | 67 | |
| 5763245382 | Basal Ganglia (Procedural Memory) | Processes physical movements related to procedural skills | 68 | |
| 5763275280 | Retrospective Memory | retrieving information from the past | 69 | |
| 5763278455 | Prospective Memory | remembering to do something in the future | 70 | |
| 5763315387 | Context Effects | the tendency to remember information better and more accurately when you are in a physical setting that is similar to the one that you learned the information in the first place | 71 | |
| 5763330592 | Age and Decay Theory | The older we get, the less responsive the brain areas associated with encoding and retaining memory are. | 72 | |
| 5763355962 | Repression | a basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories | 73 | |
| 5767602755 | Misinformation Effect | a person's existing memories can be altered if the person is exposed to misleading information or questions | 74 | |
| 5767634743 | Amnesia | severe memory loss | 75 | |
| 5767637473 | Alzheimers | as plaques build in the brain and interfere with neural transmissions, memories cannot be formed or retrieved | 76 |
