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8213853186How do enzymes catalyze?Lower activation energy0
8213853187Free energy modelExergonic: down endergonic:up1
8213853188Extremes of PH effects on enzymesChanged charges on R group of amino acids2
8213853189oxidative phosphorylationSynthesis ATP through redox reactions3
8213853190AerobicUses O24
8213853191AnaerobicDoesn't use O25
8213853192steps of cellular respirationglycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain6
8213853193Connection of electron chain to ATP synthasisElectron transport chain creates proton gradient for chemiosmosis7
8213853194folds of mitochondriacristae8
8213853195Other high energy molecule from glycolysis2 NAD to 2 NADH9
8213853196BenignDoesn't leave site, doesn't impair function10
8213853197malignantTravels, impairs functions11
8213853198MetastasisThe spread of cancer cells beyond their original site12
8213853199binary fissionA form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.13
8213853200Internal factors of cell cycleEssential nutrients present14
8213853201External factors of cell cycleGrowth factor from other cells15
8213853202carbon fixationThe initial incorporation of carbon into organic compounds.16
8213853203coenzymeIf the cofactor is an organic molecule.17
8213853204free energyportion of a system's energy that can perform work18
8213853205Enzyme activity influencesTemp, concentration of substrate, cofactors, coenzyme, activators, inhibitors19
8213853206Chemiosmosisthe use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work20
8213853207PhotophosphorylationThe production of ATP by chemiosmosis during the light reactions of photosynthesis.21
8213853208oxidative phosphorylationThe production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.22
8213853209photosystemA cluster of pigments embedded into a thylakoid membrane.23
8213853210sporesProduced by meiosis. Grow into haploid organisms by mitosis.24
8213853211Tetradsthe paired chromosomes consisting of four chromatids25
8213853212gametophyteThe stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells.26
8213853213sporophyteDiploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism. Makes haploid spores by meiosis.27
8213853214alternation of generationthe alternation between the haploid gametophyte and the diploid sporophyte in a plant's life cycle28
8213853215Which photosystem has circular electron flow?129
8213853216CaroteneOrange30
8213853217XanthophyllYellow31
8213853218chlorophyll ablue-green32
8213853219chlorophyll bgreen33
8213853220hot effects on enzymeDenatures enzyme and distrusts hydrogen bonds of the tertiary structure34
8213853221Cold effects on enzyme activitySlows for Brownian movement and reduces chances of collision35
8213882657M1 phaseNuclear division, chromatids separate36
8213882658C phasecytokinesis, cytoplasm divides37
8213882659G1 phasestage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions38
8213882660G2 phasestage of interphase in which cell duplicates its cytosol and organelles39
8213882661S phaseThe synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.40
8213894746competitive inhibitorsReduce the productivity of enzymes by blocking substrates from entering active sites.41
8213894747allosteric inhibitorbinds to the enzyme and induces the enzyme's inactive form42

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