Terms : Hide Images
| 9753103461 | Photosynthesis Formula | 6CO2 + 6H2O = C6_H12_O6 + 6O2 | 0 | |
| 9753103462 | Aerobic Respiration Formula | O2+ glucose ➡ CO2 + H2O + ATP | 1 | |
| 9753133545 | BOD | Amount of O2 needed by aerobic decomposers (Biological Oxygen Demand) | 2 | |
| 9753137453 | Eutrophication | Rapid algae growth in a body of water due to an excess of nitrogen and phosphorous | 3 | |
| 9753141349 | Hypoxia | Aquatic plants die increasing BOD (Biological oxygen demand) reducing dissolved oxygen levels | 4 | |
| 9753147116 | Primary Air Pollutants | Directly emitted from source ( Carbon Monoxide , Carbon dioxide , Sulfur dioxide , Nitrogen monoxide, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter) |  | 5 |
| 9753156363 | Secondary Air Pollutants | Air pollutants in the atmosphere that form from reacting with primary air pollutants (ex. photo chemical smog) |  | 6 |
| 9753174423 | El nino | El Nino Southern Oscillation Eastern Pacific experiences warmer climate preventing up welling due to lower themocline (more rain=more flooding) Droughts in Western pacific (No water=Famine) |  | 7 |
| 9753198081 | Troposphere | Closet to sea level, where weather occurs | 8 | |
| 9753199031 | Stratosphere | Provides Ozone layer | 9 | |
| 9753199996 | Transpiration | Water evaporates from plants into atmosphere |  | 10 |
| 9753202686 | Global Percent of Freshwater use for agriculture | 70% | 11 | |
| 9753204199 | Global Percent of Freshwater in water table | 22% | 12 | |
| 9753205635 | House hold appliance that uses the most water | Toilet flushing | 13 | |
| 9753209325 | Loamy | Soil ideal for farming, nutrient rich, and holds air and water well | 14 | |
| 9753211467 | Primary Succession | Land devoid of soil, lifeless, magma forming island |  | 15 |
| 9753214171 | Secondary Succession | Land that has experienced force fire, removing plants, but keeping soil |  | 16 |
| 9753217380 | Mutualism | Cooperation between two organisms, both benefit ( Bees) | 17 | |
| 9753219328 | Commensalism | One organism benefits, other is neutral (Bird in tree) | 18 | |
| 9753224706 | Parasitism | One organisms benefits at the cost of the host (Tape worm, Mosquito) | 19 | |
| 9753229933 | Density Dependent Factors | Effects depend on the size and population of a species (Competition, Disease, space) |  | 20 |
| 9753234916 | Density Independent Factors | Effects do not depend of size or population of a species (Floods, fires,drought) | | 21 |
| 9753238862 | Carrying Capacity | The upper limit of organisms an environment can sustain |  | 22 |
| 9753241008 | R-selected species (Opportunistic) | Density independent, Boom and bust population growth/ J curve, short life, fast reproduction only once, many offspring, type III, most die early some longer, (mice, fish, insects) |  | 23 |
| 9753253508 | K-selected species (Logistic) | Density dependent, S curve, few offspring, slow maturity, longer lives, type I or II, most live to max life span, (Elephants, humans, mammals) |  | 24 |
| 9753266755 | MPG | Maximum Population Growth always exponential, species over produce | 25 | |
| 9753268689 | Biotic Potential | Amount of offspring an organism is capable of having | 26 | |
| 9753270550 | Type I | Survival decreases with age (Humans) |  | 27 |
| 9753273795 | Type II | Survival don't change (Reptiles,Birds) | 28 | |
| 9753275041 | Type III | Survival increases with age (Fish, mice, insects) | 29 | |
| 9753276363 | TFR | Totally Fertility Rate- avg number of kids a woman will have | 30 | |
| 9753280223 | Rate of Natural increase | r=(b-d)/1000 *100 | 31 | |
| 9753283147 | Demographic Transition model | Stage 1-4 Increasing Women Empowerment decreases population as they have less kids because they are focused on education in both Stage 2 and 3 |  | 32 |
| 9753289264 | Age Structure Diagram S2 | Fat Base, skinny top, growing population | 33 | |
| 9753293929 | Age Structure Diagram S3 | Slim, rectangular, stable population | 34 | |
| 9753297031 | Age Structure Diagram S4 | V shaped decreasing population | 35 | |
| 9753298399 | Doubling time formula | 70/rate of natural increase | 36 | |
| 9753299349 | Demographic divide | Developed countries and developing face completely different problems. S2 Overpopulation, famine, disease, poverty, technology, 3rd world problems S3+4 Consumerism, Higher education, malnutrition, 1st world problems | 37 | |
| 9753307758 | O Horizon | Humus (organic matter) |  | 38 |
| 9753308692 | A Horizon | Top soil (minerals + organic matter) | | 39 |
| 9753309809 | B Horizon | Subsoil (clay + minerals) |  | 40 |
| 9753310885 | C Horizon | Above bedrock Contains rocks | | 41 |
| 9753314830 | D Horizon | Bed rock | | 42 |
| 9753317853 | Mineral Reserve | Amount of mineral resource that can economically be recovered | 43 | |
| 9753332349 | Nitrogen Oxides | (NO) Source:cars Effects: promotes acidification of lakes, respiratory irritant, leads to smog and ozone. Reduce by using catalytic converters | 44 | |
| 9753338354 | Sulfur Oxides | (SO) Source: coal burning Effects: acid deposition, respiratory irritant, damages plants. Reduce by using scrubbers | 45 | |
| 9753346730 | Carbon Oxides | (CO2)Source: cars and incomplete combustion (burning wood leaves ash=incomplete) Effects: contributes to global warming and binds to hemoglobin reducing bloods ability to carry oxygen Reduce by using catalytic converters | 46 | |
| 9753363530 | Ozone in troposphere | (O3) Secondary pollutant Effects: respiratory irritant and plant damage Reduce by reducing NO emissions and VOCs Ex. benzene, formaldehyde | 47 | |
| 9753369627 | VOCs | Volatile organic compounds change from liquid to vapor easily used in air fresheners, path thinners, released by burning fuel | 48 | |
| 9753378526 | Radon | Radioactive gas from decay of Uranium can seeps through cracks of houses Causes Lung Cancer | 49 | |
| 9753382309 | Acid deposition | Sulfuric and nitric acid lowering pH of water (acid rain) | 50 | |
| 9753386650 | Green House Gases | H2O vapor, CO2, O3, Ch4, CFCs Trap infrared heat from sun | 51 | |
| 9753397430 | External Costs | Harmful environmental side effects not reflected in product price | 52 | |
| 9753398782 | Subduction | When a one tectonic plate goes under another |  | 53 |
| 9753403143 | Convergence | Two tectonic plates collide either causing subduction or forms a mountain | 54 | |
| 9753407776 | Transfomative | When two tectonic plates slide against each other | 55 | |
| 9753413856 | 1st Law of Thermodynamics | Energy Cannot be Created Nor Destroyed, but Can Change from one Form to another | 56 | |
| 9753415664 | 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | When energy changes form, some of it is lost (such as heat in friction) entropy, no process is 100% efficient | 57 | |
| 9753420421 | Nuclear Fission | Atoms split releasing energy used in nuclear power plants | 58 | |
| 9753420952 | Nuclear Fusion | Atoms combine (Powers the sun) | 59 | |
| 9753425598 | Green Revolution | Uses Monoculture and hi-put farming methods to feed global population. Using irrigation, fossil fuel machines, pesticides, and fertilizers | 60 | |
| 9753428654 | Monoculture | Low genetic diversity in agriculture, causes soil problems from no crop roatation. | 61 | |
| 9753432663 | Biotanicals | Organic insecticide that biodegrades but most be applied constantly (nicotine) | 62 | |
| 9753434843 | Chlorinated Hydrocarbons | Synthetic insecticides that bio accumulate/last long, non toxic to humans, but nerotoxin for fish (DDT) | 63 | |
| 9753441149 | Organophosphates | Nerve gas toxic to everything, but biodegrades | 64 | |
| 9753443335 | Importance of Pesticides | Developed nation's economy relies on it, protects human health by killing vectors of disease | 65 | |
| 9753447559 | Vector | Any organisms that carry disease (Mosquitoes Malaria, Rats black plague, ticks Lyme disease) | 66 | |
| 9753454186 | #1 Problem of Pesticides | Bio accumulation of chlorinated hydrocarbons (DDT) bio magnify and endangered top predators such as eagles and hawks Solution: GMOs, organic farms, biodegradable pesticides | 67 | |
| 9753458519 | #2 Problem of Pesticides | Leads to Genetic Resistance as killing only the weaks only let the strong reproduce Solution: GMOs, IPM (Integrated Pest Management) Inter cropping, Biological controls (lady bugs, cane toads), reproductive controls (sterile Male) | 68 | |
| 9782986368 | 5 Products of Oil | Tar, Asphalt, Gasoline, Diesel, Plastics | 69 | |
| 9782989565 | CAFE | The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (Regulates fuel efficiency of cars and light trucks) | 70 | |
| 9782994120 | Open Pit Mining | Digging a big hole in the earth (Quarry) Causes Habitat Loss, acid mine drainage, and erosion |  | 71 |
| 9782998657 | Sub-surface Mining | Digging a mine to go underground Problems: Human Health (collapses, fires, black lung) |  | 72 |
| 9783002099 | Strip Mining | Machines strip strands of land leaving spoiled banks leading to acid mine drainage |  | 73 |
| 9783006530 | Mountaintop Removal | Exploding a mountain, causes habitat loss, waste rock, dirt, and mining minerals such as mercury contaminate groundwater |  | 74 |
| 9783014856 | Ocean Drilling | Harvesting oil and natural gas using hydraulic fracking |  | 75 |
| 9783025015 | Main Pollutants of Mining | CO2, SO2, NO2, PM, CH4 (methane), soil/water pollution from runoff include: sediments(eutrophication), sulfuric acid, and mercury | 76 | |
| 9783035194 | What Happened at Fukushima Daiichi | Nuclear meltdown from tsunami hit after 9.0 earthquake, no fatalities but short term radiation | 77 | |
| 9783040099 | Watershed | land area that delivers water, sediment, and dissolved substances via small streams to a major steam (river) as well as replenishes aquifers |  | 78 |
| 9783044015 | Clean Air Act | US federal law designed to control air pollution. Requires the EPA to develop and enforce regulations against airborne pollutants known to be hazardous to human health. | 79 | |
| 9783046753 | Clean Water Act of 1972 | The EPA is charged with implementing pollution control programs and ensure water quality standards for surface waters. Does not protect groundwater, wells or artificial lakes. | 80 | |
| 9783051976 | Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 | The EPA sets standards to protect drinking water against contaminants like animal wastes, chemical wastes, etc. Does not cover private wells. | 81 | |
| 9783059934 | 3 Sources of Methane | Cattle farms, landfill, natural gas emissions | 82 | |
| 9783064744 | 4 innovations of the Green Revolution | 1. Artificial Selection/GMO's 2. Irrigation 3. Synthetic Pesticides/Herbicides 4. Synthetic fertilizers | 83 | |
| 9783067662 | The Pesticide treadmill | Because organisms can become resistant to pesticides, farmers are caught on a treadmill of having to use stronger and stronger chemicals. Overtime pests become resistant to pesticides. | 84 | |
| 9783071690 | 4 ways to conserve water | 1. Eat lower in the food chain (less H20 intensive foods) 2. Use gray water to flush toilet or landscape. 3. Low flow appliances. 4. Only do full loads of wash. | 85 | |
| 9783073956 | Turbidity | Measure of water clarity | 86 | |
| 9783075329 | Levels of coal (lowest energy to highest) | Peat, lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, anthracite | 87 | |
| 9783081430 | Problem with fracking | Uses high pressure to extract oil and gas, could lead to contamination of groundwater | 88 | |
| 9783089772 | Chemical formula of troposphere ozone in phtochemical smog | NOx (nitrogen Oxides) + VOC (volatile organic compounds from burning gasoline) + Sunlight ------> O3 | 89 | |
| 9783098513 | 2 Benefits of wetlands | 1)Flood control 2)Natural filter | 90 | |
| 9783101144 | "Hazardous" characteristics | 1.Poisonous 2.Chemically Reactive 3.Corrosive 4.Flammable | 91 | |
| 9783104694 | Chemical formula(s) of acid rain | SO3 + H2O→ H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) OR NO2 + H2O→HNO3 (nitric acid) | 92 | |
| 9783105909 | Kwashiorkor | Life-threatening and debilitating form of malnutrition. It's caused by a lack of protein in the diet common in developing countires. |  | 93 |
| 9783109868 | Marasmus | Most common form of acute malnutrition | | 94 |
| 9783113440 | NIMBY | Not In My Back Yard, which is opposition by residents to a proposal for a new development because it is too close to them, even though it is needed by society (i.e. landfills, power plants, etc.) | 95 | |
| 9783116087 | Formaldehyde | Emitted from many building materials (plywood, particleboard, and various household products (furniture, drapes, upholstery, adhesives in carpeting and wallpaper) | 96 | |
| 9783121029 | Positive feedback loop in the ocean | CO2 + H2O ⇄ H2CO3 (carbonic acid) | 97 | |
| 9783128000 | Hydroponics | The process of growing plants in sand, gravel, or liquid, with added nutrients, but without soil. | 98 | |
| 9783129255 | Importance of Silicon | Used in photo voltaic cells. (solar panels) | 99 | |
| 9858767989 | Catalytic converters convert these into CO2 | Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons | 100 | |
| 9858777775 | This place experiences largest annual temperature change from global warming | Alaska | 101 | |
| 9858781052 | Aerosols are linked to what in the atmosphere? | Cooling | 102 | |
| 9858783016 | Why doesn't H2O vapor contribute to global warming? | Short duration in atmosphere | 103 | |
| 9858787877 | Problem with herbicides for fish | Endocrine disruptors | 104 | |
| 9858791746 | Ex. of Tragedy of the commons | Water pollution from oil rigs in Gulf of Mex. | 105 | |
| 9858801816 | Coal ash | Contains Arsenic and mercury | 106 | |
| 9858809634 | Primary Sewage Treatment | Removal of solids |  | 107 |
| 9858810568 | Secondary sewage Treatment | Biological process to remove dissolved and suspended organic compounds. | | 108 |
| 9858819709 | 75% of solid waste source | Mining (spoil banks and slag from smelting) | 109 | |
| 9858826051 | Percent change formula | (Original - New)/Original*100 | 110 | |
| 9858836110 | H20 Temp Increases from logging because | Water table lowered from trees not keeping water in the soil-> Shallower water-> Heats up faster | 111 | |
| 9858841509 | Rachel Carson's significance | Pesticide Awareness wrote "Silent Spring" | 112 | |
| 9858845635 | Contains most chromium, platinum, magnesium | South Africa but actually entirely Wakanda (Makes sense tho) | 113 | |
| 9858858033 | Anoxia | Void of Oxygen | 114 | |
| 9858869441 | Solving Environmental Problems steps | 1.Sound alarm (Individuals/ people find problem) 2.Scientific Assessment (problem w/ research) 3.Risk Analysis (Balance Cost/Risks) 4.Public Education (Provide solutions) 5. Political Action (Laws/acts) 6. Follow Through (Monitoring) | 115 | |
| 9858883797 | 3 Points to solving environmental problems | Environmentally Sustainable Economically Viable Socially Acceptable | 116 | |
| 9858890781 | Lake Washington | Ex. of Eutrophication | 117 | |
| 9858893055 | Zebra Mussels (Great Lakes) | Invasive species | 118 | |
| 9858905093 | Amount of people in the U.S. | About 325 Million | 119 | |
| 9858906325 | Age of earth | 4.5 billions years | 120 | |
| 9858911634 | Kyoto Protocol: 1997 | Made to reduce Green house gas emissions | 121 | |
| 9858916912 | Montreal Protocol 1989 | Banned CFCs (helped protect ozone layer) | 122 | |
| 9858921760 | 3 Most commons produced grains | 1. Corn 2. Wheat 3. Rice | 123 | |
| 9862996762 | CERCLA/Super fund (Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act) | A Federal fund to clean up uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous-waste sites as well as accidents, spills, and other emergency releases of pollutants and contaminants into the environment. | 124 | |
| 9863090205 | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act | Gives EPA the authority to control hazardous waste from the "cradle-to-grave." | 125 | |
| 9863168818 | Toxic Substances Control Act 1976 | provides EPA with authority to require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures. | 126 | |
| 9863226508 | Asbestos | Heat resistant fibers that cause lung disease if inhaled | 127 | |
| 9863269388 | Formaldehyde | Colorless, flammable gas at room temperature and has a strong odor. Resins used wood furniture Building materials and insulation for preservation. | 128 | |
| 9863359686 | Most of U.S. municipal waste goes | Sanitary landfills | 129 | |
| 9863434352 | Thermal Inversion Caused by | Mountainous geography creating a bowl and layers of warm air between cold air | 130 | |
| 9867269470 | Heat Trapping Ability (Greatest to least) | CFCs, CH4 (methane), NO2, CO2 | 131 | |
| 9867286432 | Greenhouse gases order of abundance in atmosphere (greatest to least) | CO2, CH4, NO2, CFCs | 132 | |
| 9867302395 | Most abundant element in atmosphere | Nitrogen | 133 | |
| 9867324230 | Mitigation | to reduce severity (problem has happened) | 134 | |
| 9867330527 | Adaptation | to be better suited for an environment (prevent problem for happening) | 135 | |
| 9893499962 | Indicator species | Shows if a disease causing pathogen are present (Ex. Fecal coliform bacteria such as E. coli.) | 136 | |
| 9893533444 | Manure Lagoon | Man made pond lined with rubber to handle large amounts of livestock waste | 137 | |
| 9893563520 | Leach Fields | Part of a septic system made out of underground pipes | 138 | |
| 9893585535 | Septage | Clean water in the middle of septic tanks containing the bacteria, pathogens, and inorganic nutrients | 139 | |
| 9893606656 | Sludge | Solid waster from washwater | 140 | |
| 9893633673 | Acid mine drainage | 141 | ||
| 9893674655 | Perchlrolates | Harmful chemicals used in rocket fuels | 142 | |
| 9894163134 | Exxon Valdez oil | Alaska 1989 Ship spilled 11 million gallons of oil off the coast | 143 | |
| 9894185769 | Deep Water Horizon Oil spil | Pipe break 1 mile below ocean floor released 206 million gallons of oil | 144 |
