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Ap Biology Chapter 6 Flashcards

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4821649522Golgi apparatusAccepts vesicles from er and further modifies the protein0
4821649523LysosomesA single membrane sac that contains hydrolytic enzymes1
4821649524Tay-Sachs diseaseBrain cells get clogged with very large lipids due to lysosomes malfunctioning2
4821649525PhagocytosisCells ingesting other cells3
4821649526VacoulesStorage, food, water, and waste4
4821649527Food vacuolesFormed by phagocytosis5
4821649528Contractile vacuoleFound in freshwater Protists, pump excess water6
4821649529Central vacuoleIn many mature plant cells, holds organic compounds and water7
4821649530MitochondriaSites of respiration, a metabolic process that forms ATP8
4821649531ChloroplastsUses solar energy-photosynthesis9
4821649532PeroxisomesSpecial metabolic compartments-Oxidative organelles- oxygen breaks down different types of molecules10
4821649533Endosymbiont theoryBoth chloroplasts and mitochondria were bacteria11
4821649534MitochondriaIn almost all eukaryotic cells- has an intermembrane system12
4821649535CristaeSmooth outer membrane and an inner membrane folded13
4821649536Mitochondrial matrixDNA and ribosomes in here14
4821649537ChloroplastsPlastids for storage15
4821649538ThylakoidsMembranous sacs, stacked to form a granum16
4821649539StromaThe internal fluid of chloroplasts17
4821649540CytoskeletonNetwork of fibers18
4821649541Motor proteinsProduce mobility19
4821649542MicrotubulesOrganelle movement, cell motility, maintenance of cell shape, and chromosome movement in cell division-made of proteins20
4821649543MicrofilamentsMaintains cell shape, changes in cell shape muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell motility, and cell division-made of proteins21
4821649544Intermediate filamentsMaintenance of cell shape, anchorage of the nucleus and certain other organelles, formation of nuclear lamina-made of protein22
4821649545CentrosomesMakes Microtubules23
4821649546CentriolesIn Centrosomes each with 9 triplets of microtubules in a ring24
4821649547CiliaMovement in oar motion25
4821649548FlagellaMovement in a whip shape26
4821649549Basal bodyAnchors the cilium or flagellum27
4821649550DyneinMotor protein, bending/moving of cilium or flagellum 9+228
4821649551ActinThe building blocks of microfilm meets creating a twisted double chain 7nm29
4821649552CortexA 3-D network, inside the plasma membrane to support shape30
4821649553MyosinThe protein that is in microfilaments in the cytoskeleton31
4821649554Amoeboid movemnetDriven by myosin and actin32
4821649555PseudopodiaExtend and contract through the reversible assembly33
4821649556Cytoplasmic streamingA circular flow of cytoplasm within cells driven by actin/myosin interactions and solgel transformations34
4821649557Cell cleavageFormed by microfilaments in cell division35
4821649558Extracellular componentsCells create materials and ship them out to communicate36
4821649559Cell wallPlants, fungi, prokaryotes, and protists37
4821649560PlasmodesmataChannels between plant cells that let them share nutrients, water, and chemical messages38
4821649561Extracellular matrixAnimal cell walls- made from collagen proteoglycans, and fibronectin39
4821649562IntegrinsThe binding site of ECM and a receptor protein40
4821649563Intercellular junctionPlasmodesmata, tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions41
4821649564Tight junctionsHold 2 neighboring cells tightly to prevent leakage42
4821649565DesmosomesFasten cells in strong sheets- muscles43
4821649566Gap junctionsCytoplasmic channels (plasmo of animals)44

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