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AP Bio first test Flashcards

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7432393411plasma membraneregulate in passage of material0
7432393412DNAcontain gentic information & is made up of genes1
7432393413organellesperform specific function or specialization2
7432393414prokaryotic cellsexclusie to bacteria3
7432393415eukaryotic cellcontain variety of organelles includes nucleus( true cell)4
7432393416biological growthincrease in the number of cells5
7432393417developementchanges that take place during an organism life6
7432393418metabolismchemical reaction and energy information for growth and repair of cells and keeping energy to maintain homeostasis7
7432393419heatenergy that is lost in the environment during transcation8
7432393420locomotionmoving from one place to another9
7432393421how simple organism moveamoeboid movement, beating cillia or flagella10
7432393422how animal movecontracting muscle11
7432393423adaptioncharateristic that enhace and organism ability to survive in a particular enviroment12
7432393424evolvethe process of change that transformed life from it's beginning to the astounding array of organism13
7432393425to carry on life processprecise instruction & interaction among cells14
7432393426Watson&Cricktwo scientist that discover the stucture of DNA in 195315
7432393427insulinprotein that are used in communication16
7432393428cell signalingcomplex process that involve cell to cell communication17
7432429524emergent propertiesnew properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life18
7432468364system biologythe exploration of a biological system by analying the interaction among its part19
7432480355genes expressioninformation in a gene directs the manufacture of a cellular product20
7432503534genomethe library of genetic info that organism inherit21
7432516692genomicswhole set of genes in one or more species22
7432521775bioinformaticsthe use of computational tools to store, organize and analyze23
7432544820qualitative datarecorded descriptions24
7432551077quantitative datainfo express using numbers25
7432558078inductive reasoningcollect&analyzing that lead to import result base on logic26
7432572707deductive reasoninglogic that flow in the opposite direction27
7432605144essential elementelement needed for organism to live a healthy life28
7432612835isotopesatoms with more neutrons29
7432621188radioactive isotopenucleus decay spontaneously giving off particles ad energy30
7432796536electrons shellsan energy level if electrons at a charactertic average distance from the nuclear of a atom31
7432830590electronegativitythe attraction of a particular atom for the electrons of a covalent bond32
7432848857nonpolar covalent bondthe electrons shared equally due to the same electronegativity33
7432876908polar covalent bondwhen are not share equally due to different electronegatvity34
7432889402iona charge atom35
7432893305cationpostive charge ion36
7432897356anionnegativity charge ion37
7432904846hydrogen bondnoncovalent attraction between hydrogen and an electronegative38
7432917807van der waals interactionweak attraction between molecules or part od rhw molecules that result from tranient local partical charge39
7432947908cohesioncollectively the H-bond hold together40
7432956123adhesionthe clinging of one substance to another41
7432968162specific heatamount of heat that must be absorbed or lost42
7432978137molecular massthe sum of masses of all the atoms in a molecules43
7432990289macromoleculesA giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules by dehydration reaction44
7433025956hydroxyl45
7433029542carbonyl46
7433032166carboxyl47
7433034130amino48
7433036406sulfhydrl49
7433037923phosphate50
7433039706methyl51
7433046876functional groupa specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and involve in chemical reaction52
7433075276polymerlong molecules containing similar structure bond by covalent bond53
7433083733monomersThe subunit that serve as the building block of a polymers54
7433109820glycosidic linkagea covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction55
7433123110glycogena polymers of glucose that is like amylopection but more extensively branch used by Amimal to store food56
7433138787triacylglycerola fat made of 3 fatty acid57
7433146903cholesterolcrucial steroids in animal58
7433158541peptide bondthe covalent bond between the carboxy group on one amino acid and the amino acid group on another59
7433181279primary structurea protein that has a sequence made by 20 amino acid60
7433185877secondary structurecoil and folded pattern in protein61
7433192956α helixa delicate coil held together by H-bond62
7433220079β pleated sheettwo or more segment lay side by side63
7433229420tertiary structureoverall shape of a polypeptide result from interaction between side chain and amino group64
7433243830disulfide bridgecovalent bond that futher reinforce the shape of a protein65
7433250088Quaternary structureoverall protein structure that results from the aggregation of polypeptide subunit66
7433269162X-ray crystallographymethod used to determine 3D shape of protein67
7433276118polynucleotidesmacromolecules that exist as polymer68
7433281411pyrimidine6 member ring C&T69
7433289368Purines6 ring fused w. 5 ring A&G70
7433301862antiparallel2 sugar phosphate backbones run in opposite 5'->3' direction71
7433322735cell fractionationthe disruption of a cell and separation of its parts by centrifugation at high speed72
7433350481phagocytosiseat by gulfing smaller organisms or food particle73
7433360433contractile vacuolespump excess water out of the cell74
7433370375endosybiont theroryearly cell enguled an oxygen using non photosynthetic prokaryotic cell75
7433390808peroisomemetabolic compartment bound by a single membrane76
7433412363catabolic pathwaya metabolic pathway that release energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler molecules77
7433415135anabolic pathwaya catabolic pathway in which inorganic molecules other than oxygen accept electrons at the downhill end of elctron transport chain78
7433454203endergonic reactionabsorbs free energy from its surrounding79
7433467931competitice inhibitorsreduce the productivity of enzymes by blocking substrates from enering active site80
7433479815noncometitive inhibitorsnot directly compete with the substrate to bind to the enzyme at the active site81
7433489817feedback inhibitorsa metabolic pathway switched off by the inhibitory binding of its end products82

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