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AP bio chem test Flashcards

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7860015467carbon based compounds.organic molecule0
7860015468hydrophobic biological molecules composed mostly of carbon and hydrogenlipids1
7860015469a functional molecule made of folded chains of amino acids.proteins2
7860015470large biological molecules made of nucleotidesnucleic acid3
7860015471sugars and polymers of sugars. Have a chemical ratio of CH2Ocarbohydrates4
7860015472a chemical reaction in which to molecules are linked together and produce water in the processdehydration synthesis5
7860015473reaction in which polymers are disassembled to monomers. Water is neededhydrolysis6
7860015474single units that make up a polymermonomers7
7860015475a long molecule consisting of repeated building blockspolymers8
7860015476monomers that make up carbohydrates (simple sugars)monosaccharide9
7860015477a dimer (two unit) molecule or carbohydrates.disaccharide10
7860015478large molecules composed of up to thousands of linked monosacharidespolysaccharide11
7860015479polymer of glucose used by plants to store energy. Common human food staplestarch12
7860015480polymer of glucose that makes up cell walls of plants. (Dietary Fiber)cellulose13
7860015481polymer of glucose used to store sugar in humans and other animalsglycogen14
7860015482Different bonding patterns of the carbons in glucose allow for diffent structures to arise in macromolecules they form.How can glucose form so many different polymers?15
7860015483long chain of carbon and hydrogen that form fats. Saturated fatty acids contains no double bonds between carbon atomssaturated fatty acids16
7860015484long chain of carbon and hydrogen that form fats. Unsaturated fats contain double bonds that add kinks to the chainsunsaturated fat17
7860015485molecules are hydrophobic I they don't mix with waterhydrophobic18
7860015486molecules are hydrophobic if they are polar and are attracted to waterhydrophilic19
7860015487A rule in chemistry: Hydrophilic molecules mix with eachother. Hydrophobic molecules will also mix with eachother.Like dissolves like20
7860015488lipid made of a four ring skeleton, used for signalling in cellssteroids21
7860015489monomer that make up proteins. 20 different amino acids occur in organisms.amino acids22
7860015490Side chains in amino acids that determine the structure of a proteinr groups23
7860015491description of the linked chain of amino acids that make up a protein.primary protein structure24
7860015492description of stable regions within a protein (sheets and helices)secondary protein structure25
78600154933-dimensional structure of an entire polypeptide.tertiary protein structure26
7860015494overall structure of a protein made of multiple polypeptidesquaternary protein structure27
7860015495adenosine triphosphate, energy currency or batteries of the cell.ATP28
7860015496monomers of nucleic acids made of a sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous basenucleotides29
7860015497Covalently bonded backbone that makes up the sides of the DNA helixSugar phosphate backbone30
7860015498hydrogen bonds between DNA bases A-T , C-G, A-Ucomplimentary base pairing31
7860015499amino acids -> protein , monosacharides -> carbohydrates, nucleotides -> nucleic acids, fatty acids -> some lipidsmonomer polymer pairs32
7860015500weak attractive force between polar moleculeshydrogen bonds33
7860015501strong bond formed by sharing electrons.covalent bonds34
7860015502bond formed by the attraction between positive and negative ions due to electron transferionic bonds35
7860015503Compounds are made of elements but rarely share properties of the elements that make them up.emergent properties of compounds36
7860015504biological catalyst made of protein.enzyme37
7860015505a substances that speeds up a chemical reaction and reduces the activation energy of a reaction.catalyst38
7860015506carbon forms 4 stable bonds that allow it to produces a wide variety of molecules of various shapes and functions.why is carbon based?39
7860015507tendency of water to be attracted to itself because it is polar.cohesion40
7860015508forces that hold the surface of a liquid together. Water has surface tension because it is polar.surface tension41
7860015509water forms crystals when it freezes that have lower density than liquid water because water is polar.why does ice float?42
7860015510Ability of a substance to absorb heat without chaning temp. Water has a high heat capacity because it is polar.heat capacity43
7860015511It's polar regions are attracted to any polar or charged substanceWhy is water a good solvent?44
7860015512a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally causing charged regions within a molecule.polar covalent bond45
7860015513proton (+), Neutron (0), electron (-)what three particles make up an atom? What are their charges?46
7860015514Atoms have electron shells. The outer shell will be reactive and form bonds if it isn't completely full. Atoms form bonds in order to fill this outer shell (Usually 8 electrons)What is the octet rule47
7897874144carbohydrateWhat class of molecule is this?48
7897877554amino acidWhat class of molecule is this?49
7897886279phosphate groupWhat functional group is this?50
7897891575saturated fatty acidWhat class of molecule is this?51
7897895362unsaturated fatty acidWhat class of molecule is this?52
7897900688nucleotideWhat class of molecule is this?53
7897905499nitrogenous baseWhat class of molecule is this?54
7897914505carbohydrateWhat class of molecule is this?55
7897919563carbohydrateWhat class of molecule is this?56

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