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| 5993833630 | Theory | proposed explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results |  | 0 |
| 5993833631 | Evolution | change in genetic frequency in a population over time |  | 1 |
| 5993833632 | Artificial Selection | process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain traits |  | 2 |
| 5993833633 | Survival of the fittest | evolutionary theory as a way of describing the mechanism of natural selection. The biological concept of fitness is defined as reproductive success. |  | 3 |
| 5993833634 | fitness | measure of an organisms ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of a population |  | 4 |
| 5993833635 | adaptation | inherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows organisms to better survive in their environment |  | 5 |
| 5993833636 | descent with modification | The other meaning of evolution referred to structural change in a species that took place over time |  | 6 |
| 5993833637 | fossils | trace of an organism from the past |  | 7 |
| 5993833638 | homologous structures | body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different structures |  | 8 |
| 5993833639 | extinction | elimination of a species on earth |  | 9 |
| 5993833640 | species | group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |  | 10 |
| 5993833641 | ribosome | organelle that links amino acids together to form proteins |  | 11 |
| 5993833642 | virus | infectious particle made only of a strand of either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat |  | 12 |
| 5993833643 | antibiotics | chemical that kills or slows the growth of bacteria |  | 13 |
| 5993833644 | host cell | an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives. a living cell in which a virus multiplies |  | 14 |
| 5993833645 | vaccine | substance that stimulates an immune response, producing acquired immunity without illness or infection |  | 15 |
| 5993833646 | pathogen | agent that causes disease |  | 16 |
| 5993833647 | biotic factors | living things of influences in an ecosystem or habitat |  | 17 |
| 5993833648 | Producer | organism that obtains its energy from abiotic sources such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals |  | 18 |
| 5993833649 | ecosystem | collection of organisms as well as all nonliving things , such as climate , soil, water, rocks, in an area |  | 19 |
| 5993833650 | trophic level | level of nourishment in a food chain |  | 20 |
| 5993833651 | biodiversity | variety of life in an area. Biodiversity is a measure of the number and types of organisms that live in an ecosystem |  | 21 |
| 5993833652 | community | collection of all of the different populations that live in one area |  | 22 |
| 5993833653 | consumer | organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by eating other organisms |  | 23 |
| 5993833654 | abiotic factor | nonliving influence in an ecosystem ,such as moisture,air,water,minerals |  | 24 |
| 5993833655 | ecology | study of interactions among living things and their surroundings |  | 25 |
| 5993833656 | parasitism | ecological relationship in wich one organism benefits while harming the other |  | 26 |
| 5993833657 | transpiration | movement of water through the plant tissue |  | 27 |
| 5993833658 | Alleles | different forms of a gene |  | 28 |
| 5993833659 | Cell Wall | strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some fungi and bacteria. Not in animal cells. |  | 29 |
| 5993833660 | Chromosomes | DNA coiled tightly around proteins |  | 30 |
| 5993833661 | Diploid | cell with two of each kind of chromosome |  | 31 |
| 5993833662 | DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid | 32 | |
| 5993833663 | DNA Replication | a semi-conservative process creating an identical (usually) copy of the genetic material |  | 33 |
| 5993833664 | Dominant | an organism with this allele for a particular form of a trait will always exhibit that form of the trait. (Capital letter!) |  | 34 |
| 5993833665 | Gametes | reproductive cells, have only half the number of chromosomes as body cells; in humans, the egg or sperm |  | 35 |
| 5993833666 | Genes | sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. There can be thousands of these one just ONE chromosome | 36 | |
| 5993833667 | Phenotype | the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment |  | 37 |
| 5993833668 | Haploid | an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes instead of two |  | 38 |
| 5993833669 | Heterozygous | Alleles are different (Tt) |  | 39 |
| 5993833670 | Homologous structures | Are structures that share a similar structure even though their functions may differ. Evidence of evolution from a common ancestor, i.e. bird wing, bat wing, human arm | | 40 |
| 5993833671 | Homozygous | Both alleles are the same (TT) or (tt) |  | 41 |
| 5993833672 | Meiosis | cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; create 4 unique cells |  | 42 |
| 5993833673 | Mitochondria | organelle that produces energy (ATP) from oxygen and sugar; cellular respiration takes place here |  | 43 |
| 5993833674 | Mitosis | cell division that produces somatic (non-reproductive body cells); creates 2 identical cells |  | 44 |
| 5993833675 | Mutations | change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information; can passed on to offspring if they occur in the gametes |  | 45 |
| 5993833676 | Natural Selection | Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest |  | 46 |
| 5993833677 | Nucleus | a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction. Only in eukaryotic cells. |  | 47 |
| 5993833678 | Order of Organism Complexity | Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism | 48 | |
| 5993833679 | Photosynthesis | process performed in the chloroplast buy producers. Turns solar energy into chemical energy (sugar) |  | 49 |
| 5993833680 | Plant cells | Contain chloroplasts (photosynthesis sites) and large vacuoles (water storage areas) that are not found in animal cells | 50 | |
| 5993833681 | Primary producers | the trophic level that's responsible for creating the majority of available food energy in an ecosystem | 51 | |
| 5993833682 | Punnett Squares | a method of solving genetic probability questions. |  | 52 |
| 5993833683 | Cellular Respiration | Animal cells turn carbohydrates, water and oxygen into energy (ATP). Waste product is carbon dioxide. | | 53 |
| 5993833684 | Ribosome | small organelle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein; where amino acids are made into proteins |  | 54 |
| 5993833685 | RNA | A pairs with U and C pairs with G. At this point the base Uracil is put in place of Thymine (so A now bonds only with U). |  | 55 |
| 5993833686 | Somatic | any body cell expect for sex cells | 56 | |
| 5993833687 | Succession | the gradual process of change in an ecosystem after a disturbance. generally leads back to a climax community |  | 57 |
