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AP Biology - Cell Cycle Flashcards

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6005373078G1 PhasePrimary growth phase of the cell0
6005373079S PhasePhase where genome is replicated1
6005373080G2 PhasePreparation made for separation of genomes; organelles replicate, chromosomes condense, microtubules assemble2
6005373081InterphaseCollective name for G1, S, and G2 Phases3
6005373084Sister ChromatidsThe two identical copies formed by the replication of a single chromosome, joined by centromere4
6005373085CentromereLinks sister chromatids5
6005373086KinetochoreProtein disk bound to specific DNA sequence at centromere6
6005373087Mitotic PhaseIncludes both mitosis and cytokinesis7
6005373088Mitotic SpindleConsists of fibers made of microtubules and associated proteins8
6005373089CentrosomeSubcellular region containing material that functions through the cell cycle to organize the cell's microtubules9
6005373090ProphaseChromatin fibers condense into chromosomes, mitotic spindle begins to form, centromeres move away from each other10
6005373091PrometaphaseNuclear envelope fragments, Each of the two chromatids now has kinetochore, some microtubules attach to kinetochores11
6005373092MetaphaseCentrosomes at opposite poles of the cell, Chromosomes convene at metaphase plate12
6005373093AnaphaseBeginning when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes have arrived at each of the two poles of the cell13
6005373094TelophaseTwo daughter nuclei form in the cell, nuclear envelope forms14
6005373095G1 CheckpointMost important checkpoint; if cell receives go-ahead signal, the the cell continues with the cell; in the absence of the go-ahead signal, cell exits the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase15
6005373096M CheckpointCell in mitosis receives a stop signal when any of its chromosomes are not attached to spindle fibers16
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