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AP Chemistry Chapter 5 Flashcards

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5135820081Different forms of energypotential or kinetic. Potential energy comes in forms that are stored including — chemical, gravitational, mechanical, and nuclear. Kinetic energy forms are doing work — like electrical, heat, light, motion, and sound.0
5135822163Units in which energy is expressed1 cal = 4.184 J 1 J = 1 km m2 / s21
5135824756First law of thermodynamicsThe law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.2
5135831233How is the change of internal energy related to the exchanges of heat and word between a system and its surrounding?3
5135833838State function and its importance to themodynamics4
5135833839Enthalpya thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the total heat content of a system. It is equal to the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume. the change in enthalpy associated with a particular chemical process. H=E+PV5
5135836985Enthalpy DiagramEndo +++++6
5137095704Enthalpy DiagramExo ------7
5135836986Heat Capasitythe number of heat units needed to raise the temperature of a body by one degree.8
5137101607Internal energythe change in internal energy, ΔE, is the final energy of the system minus the initial energy of the system: ΔE = Efinal − Einitial9
5135839707Specific heatthe heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).10
5137115235For q - means... + means...+ system gains heat - system loses heat11
5137116796For w - means... + means...+ work done on system - work done by system12
5135843611Hess's Lawstates that regardless of the multiple stages or steps of a reaction, the total enthalpy change for the reaction is the sum of all changes. This law is a manifestation that enthalpy is a state13
5135845832Standard Statethe change in enthalpy when one mole of a substance in the standard state (1 atm of pressure and 298.15 K) is formed from its pure elements under the same conditions.14
5135848535Standard states for C, H, & OC = 0 H = gas O = gas15
5135850899Standard heat of formation and which chemical reaction?The standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the compound from its constituent elements, with all substances in their standard states at 1 atmosphere (1 atm or 101.3 kPa). =heat transferred/mass change16
5137683876Specific heat for water4.184 J/g-K17
5137061095Is work a state function? Why or why not?No, it doesn't produce heat18
5137063858What is an example of state function?19
5137631032Work equationw = -PΔV20

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