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| 5133792870 | Accent | a distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class | 0 | |
| 5133792871 | Anatolian Hypothesis | Proposes that the dispersal of Proto-Indo-Europeans originated in Neolithic Anatolia. The hypothesis suggests that the speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) lived in Anatolia during the Neolithic era, and associates the distribution of historical Indo-European languages with the expansion during the Neolithic revolution of the seventh and sixth millennia BC. An alternative (and academically more favored view) is the Kurgan hypothesis | 1 | |
| 5133792872 | Kurgan Hypothesis | most widely accepted proposal of several solutions to explain the origins and spread of the Indo-European languages.[note 1] It postulates that the people of an archaeological "Kurgan culture" in the Pontic steppe were the most likely speakers of the Proto-Indo-European language. The term is derived from kurgan (курган), a Turkic loanword in Russian for a tumulus or burial mound. | 2 | |
| 5133792873 | Nostratic Hypothesis | hypothesized ancestral language of Proto-Indo-European, as well as other ancestral language families | 3 | |
| 5133792874 | Creole | a language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue of a region and/or people | 4 | |
| 5133792875 | Dialect | local or regional characteristics of a language. More than just a different accent, dialects have distinctive grammar and vocabulary | 5 | |
| 5133792876 | Extinct Language | A language that is going extinct | 6 | |
| 5133792877 | Ideogram | pictures that symbolize ideas | 7 | |
| 5133792878 | Indo-European | a large, widespread family of languages, the surviving branches of which include Italic, Slavic, Baltic, Hellenic, Celtic, Germanic, and Indo-Iranian, spoken by about half the world's population: English, Spanish, German, Latin, Greek, Russian, Albanian, Lithuanian, Armenian, Persian, Hindi, and Hittite | 8 | |
| 5133792879 | Isogloss | geographical boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs | 9 | |
| 5133792880 | Isolated Language | A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family. | 10 | |
| 5133792881 | Language | a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols | 11 | |
| 5133792882 | Language Branch | A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousands of years ago. Differences are not as extensive or as old as with language familes | 12 | |
| 5133792883 | Language Family | group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin (e.g., Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan,...) | 13 | |
| 5133792884 | Language Group | set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics (e.g., Germanic, Romance, Slavic, ...) | 14 | |
| 5133792885 | Lingua Franca | a common language used by speakers of different languages | 15 | |
| 5133792886 | Literary Tradition | Language that is written down | 16 | |
| 5133792887 | Mono-lingual | Only one language is spoken | 17 | |
| 5133792888 | Bi-lingual | 2 languages are spoken | 18 | |
| 5133792889 | Multi-lingual | 3+ languages are spoken | 19 | |
| 5133792890 | National Language | -language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) which has some connection—de facto or de jure—with a people and perhaps by extension the territory they occupy. -national language may for instance represent the national identity of a nation or country. | 20 | |
| 5133792891 | Official Language | a governmentally designated language of instruction and other official public and private communication | 21 | |
| 5133792892 | Orthography | the conventional spelling system of a language | 22 | |
| 5133792893 | Pidgin | when parts of two or more languages are combined in simplified structure and vocabulary | 23 | |
| 5133792894 | Polyglot | a person who speaks more than one language | 24 | |
| 5133792895 | Slang | a type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people | 25 | |
| 5133792896 | Standard Language | a language substantially uniform with respect to spelling, grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary and representing the approved community norm of the tongue | 26 | |
| 5133792897 | Syntax | the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language | 27 | |
| 5133792898 | Toponym | the study of place names. (e.g., San Diego or San Francisco indicate they were established by Spain due to their Spanish and Catholic connotations) | 28 | |
| 5133792899 | Trade Language | common languages used by merchants who did not speak a common tongue | 29 | |
| 5133792900 | Vernacular | Everyday language of a specific nation | 30 | |
| 5133792901 | Vocabulary | the body of words used in a particular language | 31 | |
| 5133792902 | Explain how Language Families, Branches, and Groups are classified and related | Language Families-group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin (e.g., Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan,...) Language Branches-A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousands of years ago. Differences are not as extensive or as old as with language familes Language groups-set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics (e.g., Germanic, Romance, Slavic, ...) Similarities- LANGUAGE, origin | 32 | |
| 5133792903 | Map the Distribution of Major Families Worldwide |  | 33 | |
| 5133792904 | Show the following language groups and give specific examples from each Germanic Slavic Romance | 34 | ||
| 5133792905 | Describe the following characteristics of English: Origin and Historical Developement Worldwide Diffusion Spatial Variation Cultural and Economic Roles | 35 | ||
| 5133792906 | Explain the significance of an official languages, national languages, lingua francas | 36 | ||
| 5133792907 | Describe how languages become extinct and efforts use to preserve them | How they become extinct: - Language Shift (group of people begin to speak another language) - Globalization How to Preserve: - Isolation - Education/Literary Tradition - Cultural/Language Preservation Groups/Societies | 37 | |
| 5133796411 | Protolanguage | an assumed, reconstructed, or recorded ancestral language | 38 | |
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