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15036860544Agricultural RevolutionThe time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering0
15036860545Arithmetic DensityThe total number of people divided by the total land area.1
15036860546CensusA complete enumeration of a population.2
15036860547Crude Birth Rate (CBR)The total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society.3
15036860548Crude Death Rate (CDR)The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.4
15036860549Demographic Transition ModelA sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.5
15036860550DemographyThe scientific study of population characteristics.6
15036860551Dependency RatioThe number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force7
15036860552Doubling TimeThe number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.8
15036860553EcumeneThe portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.9
15036860554Epidemiologic Transitiondistinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transitions10
15036860555EpidermiologyBranch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people.11
15036860556Industrial RevolutionA series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.12
15036860557Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.13
15036860558Life ExpectancyThe average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live.14
15036860559Malthusian TheoryThe theory that population grows faster than food supply15
15036860560Medical RevolutionMedical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives.16
15036860561Natural Increase Rate (NIR)The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.17
15036860562Neo-MalthusiansPeople who believed in Malthusian Theory and in the idea that population was not only outstripping food but other resources18
15036860563OverpopulationThe number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.19
15036860564PandemicDisease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.20
15036860565Physiological DensityThe number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.21
15036860566Population PyramidA bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.22
15036860567Sex RatioThe number of males per 100 females in the population.23
15036860568Total Fertility Rate (TFR)The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.24
15036860569Zero Population Growth (ZPG)A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero.25
15036860570Aging Populationan increasing median age in the population of a region due to declining fertility rates and/or rising life expectancy26
15036860571Anti-Natalist Policiesa scheme or law that a government may adopt in order to control their population growth27
15036860572Arithmetic Growththe situation where a population increases by a constant number of persons (or other objects) in each period being analysed28
15036860573Carrying CapacityThe largest number of people that the environment of a region can support.29
15036860574Contraceptionthe deliberate use of artificial methods or other techniques to prevent pregnancy as a consequence of sexual intercourse30
15036860575Demographic Accounting EquationAn equation that summarizes the amount of growth or decline in a population within a country during a particular time period taking into account both natural increase and net migration.31
15036860576Demographic Momentumthe tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution32
15036860577Endemic(of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area33
15036860578Epidemica widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.34
15036860579Exponential GrowthGrowth that occurs when a fixed percentage of people is added to a population each year. Exponential growth is compound because the fixed growth rate applies to an ever-increasing population.35
15036860580Family Planning Serviceseducational, comprehensive medical or social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved36
15036860581Matriarchalrelating to or denoting a form of social organization in which a woman is the head.37
15036860582Mortalitydeath, especially on a large scale.38
15036860583Patriarchalrelating to or denoting a form of social organization in which a man is the head39
15036860584Pro-Natalist Policiesin public policy typically seeks to create financial and social incentives for populations to reproduce, such as proving tax incentives that reward having and supporting children40
15036860585CohortA population group unified by a specific common characteristic, such as age, and subsequently treated as a statistical unit.41
15036860586Baby BoomersCohort of individuals born in the USA between 1946 and 1964, just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity.42
15036860587Baby BustPeriod of time during the 1960s and 1970s when fertility rates in the USA dropped as large numbers of women from the baby boom generation sought higher levels of education and more competitive jobs, causing them to marry later in life.43
15036860588Generation XA term coined by artist and author Douglas Coupland to describe people born in the United States between the years 1965 and 1980. This post-baby-boom generation will have to support the baby boom cohort as they head into their retirement years.44
15036860589Millennialsaka Generation Y, are the demographic cohort following Generation X, and preceding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media use the early 1980s to around 2000s as ending birth years45
15036860590Generation Zthe demographic cohort after the Millennials. Demographers and researchers typically use the mid-1990s to early-2000s as starting birth years. there is a little consensus regarding any birth years. Most of Generation Z have used the Internet since a young age and are comfortable with technology and social media46
15036860591Thomas Malthuscreated Malthusian Theory47
15036860592E.G. RavensteinBritish demographer who sought an answer to "why people voluntarily migrate." He studied internal migration in England and proposed the laws of migration involving the use of Pull and Push factors.48

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