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| 15229789971 | Silk Roads | Caravan routes connecting China and the Middle East across Central Asia and Iran. | 0 | |
| 15229796615 | Kashgar | a central trading point where the Eastern and Western Silk Roads met. | 1 | |
| 15229796616 | Samarkand | During the rule of Timur Lane Samarkand, Uzbekistan was the most influential capital city, a wealthy trading center known for decorated mosques and tombs. | 2 | |
| 15229817450 | Caravanserai | an inn with a central courtyard for travelers in the desert regions of Asia or North Africa. | 3 | |
| 15229822465 | Hanseatic League | a commercial and defensive confederation of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas | 4 | |
| 15229850506 | Mongol Empire | an empire founded in the 12th century by Genghis Khan, which reached its greatest territorial extent in the 13th century, encompassing the larger part of Asia and extending westward to the Dnieper River in eastern Europe. | 5 | |
| 15229861284 | Temujin | birth name of the Mongol leader better known as Chinggis Khan (1162-1227) | 6 | |
| 15229865441 | Khan | Title given to Mongol leaders, meaning "supreme ruler" | 7 | |
| 15229873316 | Khanate | one of several separate territories into which Genghis Khan's empire was split, each under the rule of one of his sons | 8 | |
| 15229877847 | Pax Mongolica | The period of approximately 150 years of relative peace and stability created by the Mongol Empire. | 9 | |
| 15229881472 | Golden Horde | The Golden Horde was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. | 10 | |
| 15229890633 | Karakorum | Capital of the Mongol empire under Chinggis Khan, 1162 - 1227. | 11 | |
| 15229893945 | II-Khanate | a khanate that formed the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire, ruled by the Mongol House of Hulagu. | 12 | |
| 15229905256 | Yuan Dynasty | (1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureaucrats. | 13 | |
| 15229916741 | Zheng He | An imperial eunuch and Muslim (Chinese), entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa. | 14 | |
| 15230260392 | Marco Polo | (1254-1324) Italian explorer and author. He made numerous trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time period. | 15 | |
| 15229925450 | Junk | A very large flatbottom sailing ship produced in the Tang and Song Empires, specially designed for long-distance commercial travel. | 16 | |
| 15229969561 | Dhow | Ship of small to moderate size used in the western Indian Ocean, traditionally with a triangular sail and a sewn timber hull. | 17 | |
| 15229969562 | Spice Islands | The Moluccas islands rich in cloves and nutmeg | 18 | |
| 15229981051 | Swahili city-states | East coast of Africa | 19 | |
| 15229988552 | Great Zimbabwe | A powerful state in the African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast; flourished between 1250 and 1350 C.E. | 20 | |
| 15230006287 | Diaspora | the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel | 21 | |
| 15230011203 | Malacca | Port city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca. Also spelled Melaka. (p. 387) | 22 | |
| 15230015724 | Srivijaya | A Malay kingdom that dominated the Straits of Malacca between 670 and 1025 C.E.; noted for its creation of a native/Indian hybrid culture. | 23 | |
| 15230023622 | Khmer/Angkor | Aggressive empire in Cambodia and Laos that collapsed in the 1400's when Thailand conquered Cambodia | 24 | |
| 15230041917 | Delhi Sultanate | (1206-1526 CE) The successors of Mahmud of Ghazni mounted more campaigns, but directed their goals to creating this empire. | 25 | |
| 15230068668 | Lateen Sails | Triangular sail on a short mast | 26 | |
| 15230483343 | Indianization | The process by which Indian ideas spread into and influenced many Southeast Asian societies; a mixing of Indian with indigenous ideas. | 27 | |
| 15230073884 | Monsoon Winds | The seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. (in India and nearby lands) the season during which the southwest monsoon blows, commonly marked by heavy rains; rainy season. any wind that changes directions with the seasons | 28 | |
| 15230079641 | Calicut | Great spice port of India where Vasco da Gama landed and traded | 29 | |
| 15230088769 | Timbuktu | City on the Niger River in the modern country of Mali. It was founded by the Tuareg as a seasonal camp sometime after 1000. As part of the Mali empire, Timbuktu became a major major terminus of the trans-Saharan trade and a center of Islamic learning. | 30 | |
| 15230110145 | Mali | Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade. | 31 | |
| 15230113858 | Trans-Sahara Trade | The trade between people of North and West Africa, goods traded were Salt, Gold, Food, & Slaves. | 32 | |
| 15230113859 | Oasis | A fertile place in a desert where there is water and vegetation | 33 | |
| 15230118529 | Sundiata | The "Lion Prince"; a member of the Keita clan; created a unified state that became the Mali Empire; died about 1260 | 34 | |
| 15230174371 | Mansa Musa | Ruler of Mali (r. 1312-1337). His extravagant pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world. | 35 | |
| 15230186080 | Songhay | Successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali | 36 | |
| 15230189180 | Diffusion | The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time | 37 | |
| 15230192643 | Black Death | The common name for a major outbreak of plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of persons. | 38 | |
| 15230200369 | Feudalism | A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land | 39 | |
| 15230207749 | Manor | A large estate, often including farms and a village, ruled by a lord. | 40 | |
| 15230213220 | Byzantine Empire | (330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine. | 41 | |
| 15230217175 | Eastern Orthodox | The Christian religion of the Byzantine Empire in the middle east that formed from Christianity's schism between the remains of the western and eastern Roman Empire. The Christian church ruled by the Byzantine emperor and the patriarchs of various historically significant Christian centers/cities. | 42 | |
| 15230221250 | Latin West | Territories of Europe that adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin language | 43 | |
| 15230225434 | Vikings | Scandinavian peoples whose sailors raided Europe from the 700s through the 1100s | 44 | |
| 15230229996 | Kievan Rus | A loose federation of East Slavic and Finnic peoples in Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century, under the reign of the Varangian Rurik dynasty. | 45 | |
| 15230247113 | Slavic | an ethnic group in Europe including the Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, Poles, and Ukrainians | 46 | |
| 15230250507 | Ottoman Empire | Major Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkans, the Near East, and much of North Africa. | 47 | |
| 15230255587 | Crusades | A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule. | 48 | |
| 15230331171 | Ibn Battuta | (1304-1369) Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. His writings gave a glimpse into the world of that time period. | 49 |
