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11322455472HangzhouThe capital of the Song dynasty0
11322455473WendiMember of a prominent Chinese family; proclaimed himself emperor1
11322455474YangdiThe successor of Wendi; murdered his father to obtain the throne2
11322455475Li YuanThe Duke of Tang; one of Yangdi's officials3
11322455476ChanganCapital of Tang Dynasty; population of 2 million4
11322455477Ministry of RitesAdministered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars5
11322455478jinshiTitle granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office6
11322455479pure land BuddhismEmphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among masses of Chinese society7
11322455480Chan/Zen BuddhismStressed mediation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society8
11322455481WuzongChinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty; openly persecuted Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology9
11322455482Yang GuifeiRoyal concubine during reign of Xuanzong10
11322455483Zhao KuangyinFounder of Song dynasty; originally a general following the fall of Tang11
11322455484neo-ConfuciansRevived ancient Confucian teachings in Song China12
11322455485Zhu XiMost prominent neo-Confucian scholar in the Song dynasty13
11322455486Wang AnshiThe chief minister of the Song Shenzong emperor; tried to ward off the impending collapse of the dynasty by introducing sweeping reforms14
11322455487JurchensFounders of the Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China15
11322455488junksChinese ships16
11322455489flying moneyChinese credit vouchers17
11322455490Li BoFamous Tang poet18
11322455491An LushanA military leader of nomadic origin, who in 755 led a widely supported revolt to replace the Tang dynasty19
11322455492FootbindingPractice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household.20
11322455493Grand CanalBuilt in the 7th century during the reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze River basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long.21
11322455494Southern SongRump state of Song Dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of much larger domains ruled by the Tang and Northern Song; culturally one of the most glorious regions in Chinese history.22
11322455495Warring States Perioda fight over control of China in the centuries after the fall of the Han in 589, Wendi and his army attacked and conquered the weak and divided the Chen Kingdom, reuniting the traditional core areas of Chinese civilization.23

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