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14772398611AbsolutismThe acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matter0
14772398612AgricultureThe science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and rearing of animals to provide food, wool, or other products1
14772398613agrarianrelating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land.2
14772398614aristocracythe highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.3
14772398615bands/clans*A group of people who have a common interest or purpose * A group of close knit and interrelated families4
14772398616barbariana person belonging to a tribe or group that is considered uncivilized5
14772398617Bureaucracya system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.6
14772398618biasprejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.7
14772398619ChiefdomA form of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship8
14772398620civilizationthe stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.9
14772398621City statesa city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.10
14772398622classicalThe period after the decline of River Valley civilizations (about 1000 B.C.E. to 600 CE)11
14772398623commercialconcerned with or engaged in commerce.12
14772398624Domesticationthe taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food13
14772398625DemographyThe scientific study of population characteristics.14
14772398626Divinationthe practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means15
14772398627DynastyA series of rulers from the same family16
14772398628economyThe system of trade and industry by which the wealth of a country is made and used17
14772398629egalitarianpromoting equal rights for all people18
14772398630emperorthe male ruler of an empire19
14772398631empirean extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress.20
14772398632epidemica widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.21
14772398633Feudalismthe dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.22
14772398634forageran organism that searches for food23
14772398635globalizationthe process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.24
14772398636Hierarchya system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.25
14772398637Hunter gatherera member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods.26
14772398638indentured servantLaborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America27
14772398639InterregionalOf, involving, or connecting two or more regions28
14772398640irrigationThe process of supplying water to areas of land to make them suitable for growing crops.29
14772398641Kingdoma country, state, or territory ruled by a king or queen.30
14772398642medievalreferring to the Middle Ages31
14772398643Merchanta person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade.32
14772398644Monarchya form of government with a monarch at the head.33
14772398645Monotheismbelief in only one god34
14772398646nationa large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.35
14772398647Neolithicof, relating to, or denoting the later part of the Stone Age, when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed.36
14772398648NobilityA high-ranking social class37
14772398649nomadicpeople having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock38
14772398650OceanA large body of salt water39
14772398651pandemican epidemic that is geographically widespread40
14772398652Papacythe office or authority of the pope41
14772398653Pastoralrelated to the keeping or grazing of sheep or cattle42
14772398654patriarchalrelating to a society in which men hold the greatest legal and moral authority43
14772398655Periodizationthe division of history into periods of time44
14772398656polytheismBelief in many gods45
14772398657prehistoricthe time or period before recorded or written history46
14772398658primary sourceAn original document containing the observations, ideas, and conclusions of an individual. It is a firsthand account presented by someone present or actively participating in the event. Examples include manuscripts, photographs, oral histories, and personal journals.47
14772398659revolutiona forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.48
14772398660Scribea person who writes things down49
14772398661sealarge body of water completely or partly surrounded by land50
14772398662Secondary sourcea document or written work created after an event51
14772398663serfan agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.52
14772398664shamanA person who is believed to have the power to cure the sick and forecast and control the future53
14772398665slavea person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them.54
14772398666statea nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.55
14772398667steppesTreeless plains, especially the high, flat expanses of northern Eurasia, which usually have little rain and are covered with coarse grass. They are good lands for nomads and their herds. Good for breeding horses: essential to Mongol military.56
14772398668theocracya system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.57
14772398669urbanin, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town.58

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