Terms : Hide Images
| 12305278299 | Plasma membrane | Separates the living cell from its surroundings. Controls traffic in and out of the cell. Is selectively permeable. |  | 0 |
| 12305278300 | Selectively permeable | Allows some substances to cross more easily than others. | 1 | |
| 12305278301 | Phospholipids | Most abundant molecules in plasma membrane |  | 2 |
| 12305278304 | Transmembrane proteins | An integral protein that completely spans the membrane; usually transport proteins |  | 3 |
| 12305278305 | Integral proteins | Plasma membrane proteins that penetrate the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer |  | 4 |
| 12305278306 | Peripheral proteins | Plasma membrane proteins that are NOT embedded in the lipid bilayer |  | 5 |
| 12305278308 | transport proteins | Plasma membrane proteins that span the membrane and carry molecules from one side to the other |  | 6 |
| 12305278309 | Channel proteins | Transport proteins that have a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or ions use as a TUNNEL though the membrane |  | 7 |
| 12305278310 | Aquaporins | Channel proteins that facilitate the passage of water |  | 8 |
| 12305278311 | Carrier proteins | Transport proteins that bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the membrane; usually a pump |  | 9 |
| 12305278312 | Diffusion | A general term to describe the movement of molecules of any substance to spread out in available space |  | 10 |
| 12305278313 | Concentration gradient | A change in the density of a chemical substance from one area to the next |  | 11 |
| 12305278314 | Passive transport | transport that requires no energy from the cell to make it happen |  | 12 |
| 12305278315 | Osmosis | the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |  | 13 |
| 12305278316 | Isotonic (animal cell) | if a cell with no cell wall is immersed in an enviroment where there is no net movement of water across the plasma membrane. Stays the same. |  | 14 |
| 12305278317 | Hypertonic (animal cell) | when the cell is immersed in a solution where it loses water to its environment, shrivels and probably dies. |  | 15 |
| 12305278318 | Hypotonic (animal cell) | when a cell is immersed in a solution, water enters the cell faster than it leaves, it swells and lyses (explodes) like an overfilled water balloon. |  | 16 |
| 12305278319 | Osmoregulation | the control of water balance |  | 17 |
| 12305278320 | Paramecium | a protist that is hypertonic to the pond water in which it lives. |  | 18 |
| 12305278321 | turgid | when the plant cell is very firm, which is a healthy state for most plant cells. |  | 19 |
| 12305278322 | Hypotonic (plant cell) | when a plant cell is immersed in a __________ solution the cell contents swell due to osmosis until the elastic cell wall exerts turgor pressure on the cell that opposes further water outake. |  | 20 |
| 12305278323 | Isotonic (plant cell) | when a plant cell is immersed in a _______ solution; there is no net movement. The cell becomes flaccid and the plant may wilt. |  | 21 |
| 12305278324 | Hypertonic (plant cells) | the plant cell loses water, its volume shrinks. The plasma membrane pulls away from the wall, this is plasmolysis. It is lethal to the cell. |  | 22 |
| 12305278325 | Plasmolysis | This happens when a cell shrinks inside its cell wall while the cell wall remains intact. The plasma membrane pulls away from the wall. |  | 23 |
| 12305278326 | Facilitated diffusion | the passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the help of transport proteins. |  | 24 |
| 12305278328 | Active transport | transport that requires the cell to expend metabolic energy and enables a cell to maintain internal concentrations of small molecules. Requires energy. |  | 25 |
| 12305278329 | ATP | supplies energy for most active transport |  | 26 |
| 12305278332 | Sodium-potassium pump | major electrogenic pump in animals. Restores the electrochemical gradient by setting up a concentration gradient. It pumps 2 K ions for every 3 Na ions that it moves out, it generates a voltage. |  | 27 |
| 12305278333 | Proton pumps | the major electrogenic pump. Transports protons out of the cell and transfers positive charge form the cytoplasm to the extracellular solution. |  | 28 |
| 12305278334 | Exocytosis | transport vesicle budded from the Golgi apparatus is moved by the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. When the 2 membranes come in contact, the bilayers fuse spill the contents. |  | 29 |
| 12305278335 | Endocytosis | a cell brings in biological molecules and particulate matter by forming new vesicles from the plasma membrane. 3 types: phagocytosis, pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. |  | 30 |
| 12305278336 | Phagocytosis | a cell engulfs a solid particle in a vacuole. |  | 31 |
| 12305278337 | Pinocytosis | liquid molecules are taken up when extracellular fluid is "gulped" into tiny vesicles. |  | 32 |
| 12318248967 | Turgid | Swollen | 33 | |
| 12318269737 | Cytolysis | The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure. | 34 | |
| 12318278748 | Water potential | The potential energy of a volume of water, expressed as a pressure | 35 | |
| 12318290068 | Osmotic potential | Energy associated with dissolved solutes | 36 | |
| 12318292654 | Pressure potential | A component of water potential that consists of the physical pressure on a solution | 37 |
