Terms : Hide Images
| 14184308615 | Analongy | a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification. "an analogy between the workings of nature and those of human societies" | 0 | |
| 14184308616 | Anaphora | the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses | 1 | |
| 14184308617 | anecdote | A brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event. | 2 | |
| 14184308618 | annotation | (n.) a critical or explanatory note or comment, especially for a literary work | 3 | |
| 14184308619 | antimetabole | repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order | 4 | |
| 14184308620 | anthithesis | the direct opposite, a sharp contrast | 5 | |
| 14184308621 | appeal to false authority | This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise to speak on an issue is cited as an authority. | 6 | |
| 14184308622 | archaic diction | old-fashioned or outdated choice of words | 7 | |
| 14184308623 | argument | a statement of the meaning or main point of a literary work | 8 | |
| 14184308624 | Aristotelian triangle | a diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience | 9 | |
| 14184308625 | assertion | a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief | 10 | |
| 14184308626 | assumption | A belief or statement taken for granted without proof. | 11 | |
| 14184308627 | asyndeton | omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words | 12 | |
| 14184308628 | audience | One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed. | 13 | |
| 14184308629 | background | information provided to a journalist that will not be attributed to a named source | 14 | |
| 14184308630 | backing | Support or evidence for a claim in an argument | 15 | |
| 14184308631 | begging the question | A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt. | 16 | |
| 14184308632 | bias | A particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather than scientific. | 17 | |
| 14184308633 | circular reasoning | a fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence | 18 | |
| 14184308634 | claim | the writer's position on an issue or problem | 19 | |
| 14184308635 | claim of fact | a claim that asserts something exists, has existed, or will exist, based on data that the audience will accept as objectively verifiable | 20 | |
| 14184308636 | claim of policy | proposes a change | 21 | |
| 14184308637 | claim of value | argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong | 22 | |
| 14184308638 | classical oration | five-part argument structure used by classical rhetoricians | 23 | |
| 14184308639 | introduction (exordium) | introduces the reader to the subject under discussion | 24 | |
| 14184308640 | narration (narration) | Provides factual information and background material on the subject at hand or establishes why the subject is a problem that needs addressing. | 25 | |
| 14184308641 | confirmation (confirmation) | major part of the text, includes development of proof needed to make the writer's point | 26 | |
| 14184308642 | refutation (refutatio) | Addresses the counterargument. It is a bridge between the writer's proof and conclusion. | 27 | |
| 14184308643 | closed thesis | a statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make | 28 | |
| 14184308644 | complex sentence | A sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. | 29 | |
| 14184308645 | composition | a work of music, literature, or art | 30 | |
| 14184308646 | compound sentence | a sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions | 31 | |
| 14184308647 | concession | acknowledgment and acceptance of an opposing or different view | 32 | |
| 14184308648 | confirmation | The main part of a text in which logical arguments in support of a position are elaborated. | 33 | |
| 14184308649 | connotation | All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests | 34 | |
| 14184308650 | context | the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed. | 35 | |
| 14184308651 | counter argument | ideas that are presented to oppose another argument | 36 | |
| 14184308652 | Counter argument thesis | a summary of the counterargument, usually qualified by although or but, precedes the writer's opinion | 37 | |
| 14184308653 | cumulative sentence | a sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases | 38 | |
| 14184325186 | deduction | reasoning down from principles | 39 | |
| 14184425929 | diction | A writer's or speaker's choice of words | 40 | |
| 14184425930 | either/or (false dilemma) | A fallacy in which the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices. | 41 | |
| 14184425931 | Enthymeme | Logical reasoning with one premise left unstated | 42 | |
| 14184425932 | Equivocation | the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication | 43 | |
| 14184425933 | ethos | credibility | 44 | |
| 14184425934 | exordium | introduction | 45 | |
| 14184425935 | fallacy/logical fallacy | Potential vulnerabilities or weaknesses in an argument. They often arise from a failure to make a logical connection between the claim and the evidence used to support it. | 46 | |
| 14184425936 | faulty analogy | an illogical, misleading comparison between two things | 47 | |
| 14184425937 | Juxtaposition | Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts | 48 | |
| 14184425938 | line | sentence | 49 | |
| 14184425939 | logos | logic | 50 | |
| 14184425940 | metaphors | describe one thing as if it were something else | 51 | |
| 14184425941 | metonymy | A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it | 52 | |
| 14299158725 | modifier | a word, phrase, or clause that qualifies or describes another word, phrase, or clause | 53 | |
| 14184425942 | Mood | How the reader feels about the text while reading. | 54 | |
| 14184425944 | Nominalization | the process of changing a verb into a noun | 55 | |
| 14184425945 | occasion | An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing. | 56 | |
| 14184425946 | open thesis | one that does not list all the points the writer intends to cover in an essay | 57 | |
| 14184425947 | oxymoron | conjoining contradictory terms (as in 'deafening silence') | 58 | |
| 14184425948 | paradox | a contradiction or dilemma | 59 | |
| 14184425949 | Parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses | 60 | |
| 14184425950 | pathos | emotional appeal | 61 | |
| 14184425951 | periodic sentence | sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end | 62 | |
| 14184425952 | peroration | the concluding part of a speech | 63 | |
| 14184425953 | Persona | an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting | 64 | |
| 14184425954 | Personification | A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes | 65 | |
| 14184425955 | polemic | an aggressive argument against a specific opinion | 66 | |
| 14184425956 | Polysndeton | the repetition of conjunctions in close succession for rhetorical effect | 67 | |
| 14184425957 | post hoc ergo propter hoc | after this, therefore because of this | 68 | |
| 14184425958 | Propaganda | Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause. | 69 | |
| 14184425959 | purpose | the goal the speaker wants to achieve | 70 | |
| 14184425960 | qualified argument | An argument that is not absolute. It acknowledges the merits of an opposing view, but develops a stronger case for its own position. | 71 | |
| 14184425961 | qualifier | a word or phrase that clarifies, modifies, or limits the meaning of another word or phrase | 72 | |
| 14184425962 | qualitative evidence | evidence supported by reason, tradition, or precedent | 73 | |
| 14184425963 | quantitative evidence | things that can be measured, cited, counted, or otherwise represented in numbers | 74 | |
| 14184425964 | rebuttal | a refutation or contradiction | 75 | |
| 14233737385 | ad hominem | a fallacy that attacks the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute | 76 | |
| 14233737386 | ad populum (bandwagon appeal) | This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do." | 77 | |
| 14233737387 | Alliteration | Repetition of initial consonant sounds | 78 | |
| 14233737388 | Allusion | A reference to another work of literature, person, or event | 79 | |
| 14321924953 | red herring | A fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion | 80 | |
| 14321924954 | reservation | explains the terms and conditions necessitated by the qualifier | 81 | |
| 14321924955 | Rhetoric | the art of using language effectively and persuasively | 82 | |
| 14321924956 | rhetorical appeals | the use of emotional, ethical, and logical arguments to persuade in writing or speaking | 83 | |
| 14321924957 | rhetorical question | figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer | 84 | |
| 14321924958 | Rogerian Argument | acknowledges the validity of the opposition's positions rather than attacking them | 85 | |
| 14321924959 | Satire | A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies. | 86 | |
| 14321924960 | scheme | A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect. | 87 | |
| 14321924961 | second-hand evidence | evidence accessed through research, reading, and investigation | 88 | |
| 14321924962 | shape | the form or outline of an object | 89 | |
| 14321924963 | Simile | A comparison using "like" or "as" | 90 | |
| 14321951910 | SOAPS | Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Speaker | 91 | |
| 14321951911 | Speaker | the narrative voice in a poem | 92 | |
| 14321951912 | stance | position | 93 | |
| 14321951913 | straw man fallacy | a statement that refutes a claim that was never made | 94 | |
| 14321951914 | subject | The topic of a text. What the text is about. | 95 | |
| 14321951915 | syllogism | A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. | 96 | |
| 14321951916 | Synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa | 97 | |
| 14321951917 | syntax | The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. | 98 | |
| 14321951918 | synthesize | Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex. | 99 | |
| 14365877551 | imperative sentence | sentence used to command or enjoin | 100 | |
| 14365877552 | Induction | factual reasoning | 101 | |
| 14365877553 | Inversion | inverted order of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb-object order) | 102 | |
| 14365877554 | Irony | A contrast between expectation and reality | 103 | |
| 14365877555 | figurative language | Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling. | 104 | |
| 14365877556 | first-hand evidence | evidence based on something the writer knows | 105 | |
| 14365877557 | focus | The center of interest or attention. | 106 | |
| 14365877558 | foreground | the part of a work depicted as nearest to the viewer | 107 | |
| 14365877559 | Framing | the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments. | 108 | |
| 14365877560 | Hasty Generalization | A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence. | 109 | |
| 14365877561 | hortative sentence | sentence that exhorts, advises, calls to action | 110 | |
| 14365877562 | Hyperbole | exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally. | 111 | |
| 14365877563 | Imagery | Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) | 112 | |
| 14365877564 | text | written words | 113 | |
| 14365877565 | thesis statement | a statement or sentence that states the purpose of a paper or essay | 114 | |
| 14365877566 | Tone | A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels. | 115 | |
| 14365877567 | Toulmin Model | an approach to analyzing and constructing arguments | 116 | |
| 14365877568 | Trope | The generic name for a figure of speech such as image, symbol, simile, and metaphor. | 117 | |
| 14365877569 | undertstatement | presentation of something being smaller, or worse | 118 | |
| 14365877570 | wit | intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights | 119 | |
| 14365877571 | Zeugma | use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings | 120 | |
| 14365877572 | warrant | to justify or deserve | 121 |
