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Flashcards
AP US History Chapter 20 Flashcards
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| 12021066174 | Mary E. Lease | An advocate of the suffrage movement as well as temperance but she was best known for her work with the Populist party. was derided "yelling Mary Ellen" | 0 | |
| 12021066175 | William Jennings Bryan | Democratic presidential nominee in 1896, gave "Cross of Gold" speech that supported Populist and free silver platform. | 1 | |
| 12021066176 | Theodore Roosevelt | 26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting,, safe food regulations, "Square Deal". | 2 | |
| 12021066177 | Robert La Follette | The Progressive governor of Wisconsin who introduced his stated to direct primaries in 1903. He also won the passage of the "Wisconsin Idea" which were a series of Progressive measures that included a direct primary law, tax reform, and regulation of railroad rates. | 3 | |
| 12021066178 | Louis Brandeis | A lawyer and jurist, he created a style of brief which succinctly outlines the facts of the case and cites legal precedents, in order to persuade the judge to make a certain ruling. | 4 | |
| 12021066179 | W. E. B. Du Bois | Fought for African American rights, helped to found Niagra Movement in 1905 to fight for and establish equal rights. This movement later led to the establishment of the NAACP.(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) | 5 | |
| 12021066180 | Eugene V. Debs | Leader of the American Railway Union, he voted to aid workers in the Pullman strike. He was jailed for six months for disobeying a court order after the strike was over. | 6 | |
| 12021066188 | "waving the bloody shirt" | a term of ridicule used in the 1880s and 1890s to refer to politicians-especially Republicans-who, according to critics, whipped up old animosities from the Civil War era that ought to be set aside. | 7 | |
| 12021066189 | Glided Age | A term invented in the 1920s describing the late nineteenth century as a period of ostentatious displays of wealth, growing poverty, and government inaction in the face of income inequality. Commentators suggested that this era had been followed by a Progressive Era in which citizens mobilized for reform. | 8 | |
| 12021066190 | Pendleton Act | an 1883 law establishing a nonpartisan Civil Service Commission to fill federal jobs by examination. Dealt a major blow to the "spoils system" and sought to ensure that government positions were filled by trained, professional employees. Saying Guiteau killed Garfield in a scramble for patronage In the wake of Garfield's death Congress passed the ............................... (1883), establishing a nonpartisan Civil Service Commision to fill federal jobs by examination. Initially, civil services applied to only 10% of such jobs, but the Act laid the groundwork for a sweeping transformation of public employment By 1910s Congress extended the act to cover most federal positions | 9 | |
| 12021066191 | mugwumps | a late nineteenth century branch of reform minded Republicans who left their party in 1884 to support Democratic presidential candidate Grover Cleveland. Many were classical liberals who denounced corruption and advocated a reduction in government powers and civil service reform. Liberal Republicans -- ridiculed by their enemies as ------------- (fence sitter who had their "mugs" on one died and their "wump" on the other) | 10 | |
| 12021066192 | Sherman Antitrust Act | landmark 1890 act that forbade anticompetitive business activities, requiring the federal government to investigate trust and any companies operating in violation. | 11 | |
| 12021066193 | Lodge Bill | Federal Elections Bill, proposing that whenever 100 citizens in any district appealed for intervention, a bipartisan federal board could investigate and seat the rightful winner. The defeat of it was a blow to those seeking to defend African American voting rights and to ensure full participation in politics. | 12 | |
| 12021066194 | Omaha Platform | an 1892 statement by the Populists calling for stronger government to protect ordinary Americans. | 13 | |
| 12021066195 | Free silver | a policy of loosening the money supply by expanding federal coinage to include silver as well as gold. Advocates to he policy thought it would encourage borrowing and stimulate industry, but the defeat of the Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan ended the movement and gave Republicans power to retain the gold standard. | 14 | |
| 12021066196 | Williams vs Mississippi | an 1898 Supreme Court cases ruling that allowed states to impose poll taxes and literacy tests. by 1908, every southern state had adopted such measures. | 15 | |
| 12021066181 | Solid South | the post-reconstruction goal acheived by the early twentieth century | 16 | |
| 12021066197 | Lochner vs NY | a 1905 Supreme Court ruling the NY could not limit bakers' workday to ten hours because that would violate baker's rights to make contracts. | 17 | |
| 12021066182 | Newlands Reclamation Act | a 1902 law supported by President Roosevelt that allowed the federal government to sell public lands to raise money for irrigation projects that expanded agriculture on arid lands | 18 | |
| 12021066183 | Wisconsin Idea | a policty promoted by Republican governor Tobert La Follette of Wisconsin for greater government intervention in the economy | 19 | |
| 12021066184 | recall | a pioneering progressive idea enacted in Wisconsin, Oregon, California, and other states that gave citizens the right to remove unpopular politicians from office through a vote | 20 | |
| 12021066198 | Referendum | the process of voting directly on a proposed policy measure rather than leaving it in the hands of elected legislators. | 21 | |
| 12021066199 | National Child Labor Community | A reform organization that worked unsuccessfully to win a federal law banning child labor. Hired photographer Lewis Hine to record brutal conditions in mines and mills where thousands of children worked. | 22 | |
| 12021066200 | Muller vs Oregon | a 1908 Supreme Court case that upheld an Oregon law limiting women's workday to ten hours, based on the need to protect women's' health for motherhood. Divided women's rights activists, because some saw its provisions as discriminatory. | 23 | |
| 12021066185 | talented tenth | a term used by Harvard-educated sociologist, W.E.B. Du Bois, for the top 10 percent of educated African Americans | 24 | |
| 12021066201 | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People | An organization founded in 1910 by leading African American reformers and white allies as a vehicle for advocating equal rights for African Americans, especially through the courts. | 25 | |
| 12021066202 | Industrial Workers of the World | an umbrella union and radical political group founded in 1905, dedicated to organizing unskilled workers to opposed capitalism. Nicknamed the Wobblies, it advocated direct action by workers, including sabotage and general strikes. In 1905, the Western Federation of Miner (WFM) led by William "Big Bill" Haywood, helped create a new movement, the................... like strikes | 26 | |
| 12021066186 | New Nationalism | in a 1910 speech, Theodore Roosevelt called for a ......................that promoted government intervention to enhance public welfare, including a federal child labor law, more recognition of labor rights, a national minimum wage for women, women's suffrage, and curbs on the power of federal courts to stop reform | 27 | |
| 12021066187 | Federal Reserve Act | a central bank system of the United States, created in 1913. The Federal Reserve helps set the money supply level, thus influencing the rate of growth of the US economy It created twelve district reserve banks funded and controlled by their member banks, w/ a central The Federal Reserve Board to impose regulation It could issue currency and set rates | 28 | |
| 12021066203 | Clayton Antitrust Act | a 1914 law that strengthened federal definitions of monopoly and gave more power to the Justice Department to pursue antitrust cases; it specified that labor unions could not generally be prosecuted for restraint of trade, ensuring that laws would apply to corporations rather than unions. | 29 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
AP US History Chapter 17 Terms Flashcards
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| 12294744834 | Homestead lockout | 1892 lockout of workers at a steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union contract and the workers prepared to strike. Union supporters attacked the Pinkerton National Detective Agency guards hired to protect the mill, but the National Guard broke the strike. |  | 0 |
| 12294744835 | management revolution | An internal management structure adopted by many large, complex corporations that distinguished top executives from those responsible for day-to-day operations and departmentalized operations by function. | 1 | |
| 12294744836 | vertical integration | A business model in which a corporation controls all aspects of production from raw materials to packaged products. | 2 | |
| 12294744837 | trust | A small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms, managing them as a single entity. They evolved into other centralized business forms. | 3 | |
| 12294744838 | deskilling | The elimination of skilled labor under a new system of mechanized manufacturing, in which workers completed discrete, small-scale tasks rather than crafting an entire product. With deskilling, employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily. | 4 | |
| 12294744839 | mass production | A phrase coined by Henry Ford who helped invent a system of of mass production of | 5 | |
| 12294744840 | scientific management | A system of organizing work developed by Frederick Taylor. It was designed to get the maximum output from the individual worker, increase efficiency, and reduce the cost of production. |  | 6 |
| 12294744841 | Chinese Exclusion Act | 1882 law that barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States. | 7 | |
| 12294744842 | Great Railroad Strike of 1877 | Nationwide strike of railroad workers and labor allies who were protesting the steep wage cuts amid the depression that had begun in 1873. | 8 | |
| 12294744843 | Greenback-Labor Party | National political movement that advocated laws to regulate corporations and enforce an 8 hour workday, called for government to print more greenback dollars and increase the amount of money in circulation to stimulate the economy, create jobs, and help borrowers by allowing them to pay off debts. |  | 9 |
| 12294744844 | producerism | The argument that real economic wealth is created by workers who make their living by physical labor, such as farmers and craftsmen, and that merchants, lawyers, bankers, and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such "producers." | 10 | |
| 12294744845 | Granger laws 1878 | Economic regulatory laws passed in some Midwestern states, triggered by pressure from farmers and the Greenback-Labor Party. Commissions to regulate railroad rates and policies, along with commissions to regulate insurance and utility companies | 11 | |
| 12294744846 | Knights of Labor | The first mass labor organization, attempted to bridge the boundaries of ethnicity, gender, ideology and race, and occupation to build a "universal brotherhood of all workers. | 12 | |
| 12294744847 | anarchism | A political ideology that stresses the elimination of the state and private property as a way to achieve both freedom and equality for all. | 13 | |
| 12294744848 | Haymarket Square | May 4, 1886 conflict in which both workers and policemen were killed and wounded during a labor demonstration in Chicago. | 14 | |
| 12294744849 | Farmer's Alliance | A rural movement founded in Texas during the Depression of the 1870's that spread across the Plains States and the South. It advocated cooperative stores and exchanges that would circumvent middle men, called for greater government aid to farmers and strict regulation of railroads. | 15 | |
| 12294744850 | Interstate Commerce Act | An 1887 act that created a federal regulatory agency designed to oversee the railroad industry and prevent collusion and unfair rates. | 16 | |
| 12294744851 | closed shop | A company with a labor agreement under which union membership can be a condition of employment. | 17 | |
| 12294744852 | American Federation of Labor | Organization created by Samuel Gompers that coordinated the craft unions and called for direct negotiation with employers in order to achieve benefits for skilled labor. | 18 | |
| 12294744853 | horizontal integration | A business concept invented in the late 19th century to pressure competitors and force rivals to merge their companies into a conglomerate. | 19 | |
| 12294744854 | Andrew Carnegie | Industrialist. Gospel of Wealth. Part of the management revolution. V rich. | 20 | |
| 12294744855 | Gustavus Swift | Invented the assembly line to cut labor costs. Pioneered vertical integration. | 21 | |
| 12294744856 | John D Rockefeller | King of petroleum. Vertical integration and pioneer of horizontal integration. Owned Standard Oil v | 22 | |
| 12294744857 | Terence Powderly | Leader of the Knights of Labor | 23 | |
| 12294744858 | Leonara Barry | Woman organizer of the Knights of Labor. Investigated and exposed evidence of sexual harassment on the job | 24 | |
| 12294744859 | Samuel Gompers | Led the American Federation of Labor. | 25 |
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