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AP Psychology - Brain Functions Flashcards

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15230908121Frontal LobeSpeaking, planning, organizing, problem solving.0
15230908122Motor CortexLocated in the rear of the Frontal Lobe. Controls voluntary movement for left and right hemispheres of body.1
15230908123Broca's Area (Frontal Lobe)Language processing, speech production.2
15230908124Parietal LobeThis lobe deals with touch, pressure, pain, body position.3
15230908125Sensory CortexIn the Parietal Lobe. Receives and processes information from senses and more sensitive areas (e.x lips)4
15230908126Temporal LobePerception, object recognition (e.x facial recognition), hearing, and memory.5
15230908127Auditory Cortex FunctionLocated in Temporal Lobe. Processes auditory information.6
15230908128Wernicke's Area(Temporal Lobe) language comprehension7
15230908129BrainstemOldest part of the brain, where spinal cord wells and enters skull. Responsibilities: Automatic survival functions.8
15230908130Cerebellum"Little Brain" attached to rear of brainstem. Helps voluntary movements and balance. (i.e nonverbal learning, skill memory, coordination)9
15230908131MedullaLocated in Brain Stem. Controls heartbeat and breathing.10
15230908132Reticular Formation (Midbrain)Nerve network within the Brain Stem. Plays an important part in controlling arousal and attentiveness.11
15230908133PonsSits just above the Medulla (Brain Stem). Helps relay signals to cerebellum that deal with sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture.12
15230908134ThalamusLocated on top of brainstem. A sensory switchboard. Directs messages to the sensory areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla (i.e seeing, hearing, tasting, touching).13
15230908135Limbic SystemDoughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebrum. Associated with emotions such as fear and aggression, and drives for food and sex. REMEMBER Mr. HAH14
15230908136HippocampusLocated in limbic system. Explicit memory formation and LEARNING (connecting past and present memories).15
15230908137AmygdalaTwo almond-shaped neural clusters in Limbic System, connected to ends of Hippocampus. Linked to the emotions of fear and anger.16
15230908138HypothalamusLies below the thalamus within the Limbic System. Directs maintenance activities such as eating, drinking, body temperature, and control of emotions. Also governs the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. FANTASTIC FOUR: FIGHT, FLEE, FEED, FORNICATE.17
15230908139Left Hemisphere- positive emotions - controls muscles used in speech - controls sequence of movements - speaking and writing spontaneously - memory for words and numbers - understanding speech and numbers18
15230908140Right Hemisphere- negative emotions - response to simple commands - memory for shapes and music - interpreting spatial relationships and visual images - recognizing faces19
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APES Unit 3:Population Flashcards

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15432914156Three types of population distributionRandom, Uniform, Clumped0
15432914157Density Dependent FactorA factor that influences an individuals probability of survival and reproduction in a manner that depends on the size of the population (i.e. predation, disease, food supply)1
15432914158Density Independent FactorA factor that has the same effect on a individual's probability of survival and reproduction at any populations size2
15432914159exponential growth modelsoccurs when populations are not limited by resources. (J-curve)3
15432914160logistical growth modeloccurs when populations reach a carrying capacity established by a limiting resource and initially experience large growth but then level off. However, they do not exist exactly at carrying capacity. They fluctuate above and below.4
15432914161Type I, II, III Curvesreproductive strategies of different species. Type I fosters their young, Type II does sorta kinda, and type III straight up ditches their kids5
15432914162K selective strategiesA species with a low intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to increase slowly until it reaches carrying capacity (TYPE I)6
15432914163R selective strategiesA species with a high intrinsic growth rate that causes the population to overshoot and quickly die off (TYPE III)7
15432914164Population sizeThe total number of individuals within a defined area at a given time8
15432914165Population densityThe number of individuals per unit area at a given time9
15432914166Population distributionHow individuals are distributed with respect to one another10
15432914167Population age structurehow many individuals fit into age categories. Shown by age structure diagrams11
15432914168Growth RateThe number of offspring an individual can produce in a given period of time, minus the deaths of the individual or offspring during the same period12
15432914170CompetitionThe struggle of individuals to obtain a limiting resource13
15432914180Community EcologyThe study of the interactions between species in a habitat14
15432914186How does the human population not have a food deficit?Innovation and Technology15
15432914187growth rate equationCBR-CDR/1016
15432914188doubling time for a population equation70/growth rate17
15432914190Total Fertility Rate (TFR)estimate of the average number of children each woman will bear in her lifetime18
15432914191Replacement level fertility (RLF)2.119
15432914192Developed CountriesCountries with high levels of industrialization and income20
15432914193Developing CountriesCountries with relatively low levels of industrialization and income21
15432914195Infant Mortality RateNumber of deaths of children under the age of one per 1000 births22
15432914197Demographic TransitionThe theory that as a country moves from a subsistence economy to and industrialized one, it undergoes a predictable shift in population growth23
15432914198Family PlanningRegulating the number or spacing of children through the use of birth control24
154329956252 indicators of overall health in a countrylife expectancy and infant mortality rate25
15433001002Top 3 most populous contriesCHina, INdia, America26
15433015824Generalista species with a broad niche that can tolerate a wide range of conditions and can use a variety of resources27
15433020641SpecialistA consumer that primarily eats one specific organism or feeds on a very small number of organisms.28
15433031245Biotic PotentialThe maximum rate at which a population could increase under ideal conditions29
15433035750Ecological Footprintthe impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.30
15433045055limiting factorAny biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.31
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AP English Language and Composition General Vocab Flashcards

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10340381209acerbic(Speaking) Sharp and forward, bitter, scathing0
10340389221contemptuousshowing contempt and scorn, disrespectful, mocking1
10340394730disdainfulshowing contempt and lack of respect; haughty, arrogant2
10340397626fervorwith intense and passionate feeling; excitement, energy, fire3
10340399928indignantfeeling or showing anger at unfair circumstances; angry, annoyed, rightous anger4
10340405341patronizingtreat in a way in which suggests a feeling of superiority; treat with disdain5
10340412833sanguinepositive n optimistic, especially in a negative situations; hopeful, cheery6
10340419118abstruseobscure and difficult to understand; enigmatic7
10340422718concretereal, a solid proof8
10340424688insipidlacking flavor or originality; tasteless9
10340425620picturesquevisually attractive10
10340427039audaciouslack of respect, willingness to take bold risks11
10340430145detachedseparate, disconnected12
10340431875effusiveexpression of gratitude; unrestrained, gushing, enthusiastic13
10340436962flippantnot showing a serious attitude; disrespectful, uncaring of consequence14
10340439184irreverentlack of respect for something serious15
10340441181pedanticlike a pendant (teacher); fussy and meticulous16
10340443332sardonicgrim mockery; clinical, sarcastic17
10340448882antiquatedold fashioned or outdated, out of date18
10341004449culturedcharacterized by refined taste, manners, and good education19
10341008044jargonwords and expressions used by a particular group that are difficult to understand by others outside it20
10341019805pretentiousattempting to impress by making yourself out to be more than you actually are21
10341023289benevolentgiving, generous; well meaning22
10341024861deferentialshowing deference; respectful, humble23
10341030657elegiacrelating to something serious and haunting; mournful24
10341040888heedlessreckless lack of care or attention25
10341044344jubilantgreat happiness and triumph26
10341045881petulantsulky and bad tempered27
10341046728vehementstrong emotion: passionate, intense, forceful28
10341056844bombasticgreatly exaggerated; inflated, big but with little to no meaning29
10341062056esotericlikely to be understood only by a specific group of people with specialized knowledge30
10341067765literaltaking words in their actual sense31
10341070622sensuousattractive to the senses and physically, but not necessarily mentally32
10341082890condescendingshowing a feeling of patronizing superiority33
10341086911didacticintended to teach, especially in a moral way34
10341089833exaltedplaced at a high level, held with regard35
10341091811incisiveanalytical and clear-thinking36
10341092898lamentexpression of grief or sorrow37
10341095727poignantevoking sadness or regret38
10341096861whimsicalquaint or fanciful39
10341098908colloquialinformal speech and language40
10341100382idiomaticexpressions natural to a native speaker; particular characteristics or dialect41
10341104718obscureuncertain, not much about is known42
10341105561tritean overused opinion that is lacking originality43
14008123555truismA truth that is so well known that it is almost unnecessary to say it.44
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AP LITERATURE ALLUSIONS SUMMER HOMEWORK QTR. 1 Flashcards

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14978829915Albatross around one's necka terrible burden that has to be carried0
14978838445"Balm in Gilead"a scarce perfume used as medicine1
14978840200Byronictraits of Lord Byron's poetry2
14978841712Cain and Abel (Genesis 4)the sons of Adam and Eve3
14978845169CamelotKing Arthur's castle/court4
14978845170Cassandraa woman from Greek mythology through a curse to speak real prophecies to disbelieve5
14978854122Catch 22no win situation deemed by a rule or circumstance6
14978854123Cleopatraa famous Egyptian queen for her love affairs7
14978856531creation mythsa cultural myth that describes the start of the present world8
14978857619crown of thornsthe headpiece that was worn by Jesus during his crucifixion or the symbol of his suffering for people9
14978861162DarwinianDarwin's theory relating to evolution10
14978863884Falstaffianfat, jolly, and debauched11
14978865807Florence Nightingalean English social reformer and statistician who founded modern nursing12
14978867307Gilgamesha historical king and hero from ancient Mesopotamian mythology13
14978869406Frankensteinfictional monster from a story written by Mary Shelley14
14978871005Prometheus(Greek mythology) the Titan who stole fire from Olympus and gave it to mankind15
14978872850Dante's InfernoThe first of three parts of Dante's epic poem, The Divine Comedy, which depicts an imaginary journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise. Dante is the hero, who loses his way in the "dark woods" and journeys to nine regions arranged around the wall of a huge funnel in nine concentric circles representing Hell.16
14978875215Paradise Lostan epic poem in blank verse by John Milton17
14978878245Plutarch's Lives48 biographies of famous men, arranged in tandem to illuminate their common moral virtues or failings,18
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APES Geography Flashcards

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14847153644Middle East0
14847157985Iceland1
14847171850Atlantic Ocean2
14847174590Pacific Ocean3
14847178249Gulf of Mexico4
14847183716Amazon Rainforest5
14847187712Sahara Desert6
14847192323Andes Mountains7
14847196083Mt. Saint Helens8
14847202779Ogallala Aquifer9
14847206390Yellowstone National Park10
14847211167Antarctica11
14847217631San Andreas Fault12
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AP vocab Flashcards

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14690981737AnarchismA doctrine or belief that all governments are oppressive and should be restrained or abolished, allowing people to work freely together0
14690981738Animisnthe attribution of a soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena.1
14690981739AristocracyA government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility2
14690981740autonomyself-government3
14690981741BiasPrejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group4
14690981742Bureaucracya system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.5
14690981743Centralizationthe concentration of control of an activity or organization under a single authority.6
14690981744circaapproximately7
14690981745City stateIn the ancient world, an independent or autonomous area, including a city, with one shared government8
14690981746coerciveForced service unwillingly9
14690981747commerceExchange of goods through buying or selling, particularly on a large scale10
14690981748ContinuityConsistent existence or operation of something of something over a period of time11
14690981749corroborateConfirm or give support to a statement, theory, or finding12
14690981750Demographythe study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.13
14690981751Diasporic communitiesSub-populations formed by groups of people with similar physical or social qualities that separate themselves from the rest of society14
14690981752Diffusionthe spreading of something more widely15
14690981753Dynastya line of hereditary rulers of a country.16
14690981754egalitarianBelieving in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal opportunities17
14690981755EmpireA political unit comprising of several countries under the rule of one sovereign government or an emperor.18
14690981756epidemicA widespread outbreak of a particular disease19
14690981757hierarchySocial or political system based on the order of rank of people according to importance20
14690981758Indentured ServitudeForm of service primarily used during the early colonial period in the americas21
14690981759indigenousoriginating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.22
14690981760infrastructurethe basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.23
14690981761LegitimacyBelief that a rule, institution, or leader has the right to govern24
14690981762MigrantsPeople or animals who go through a stage of migration25
14690981763MonarchyA government ruled by a king or queen26
14690981764MonopolyA market in which there are many buyers but only one seller.27
14690981765Monotheismthe doctrine or belief that there is only one God.28
14690981766monsoon windsSeasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and Southern Asia, blowing from the northeast in winter29
14690981767nobilityA high-ranking social class30
14690981768nomada person who moves from place to place31
14690981769PastoralismWay of life in which people depend on the herding domesticated animals for their food32
14690981770PatriarchalGender system originating from many of the first civilizations in which women are subordinate to men in the family and in society generally33
14690981771peasanta poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation34
14690981772PolytheismBelief in many gods35
14690981773primary sourceArtifact, document, diary, manuscript, or any other source of information that was created at the time under study36
14690981774PropogandaInformation of a biased nature used to promote or publicize a particular cause or point of view37
14690981775RevolutionA sudden shift in authoritative power, often obtained through violence38
14690981776secondary sourceInformation gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event39
14690981777SecularConcerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters40
14690981778SerfThe state of serving as a serf on an estate, a system in which labor is exchanged for an allotment of land41
14690981779ShamanismIn many early societies, a person believed to have habilita to act as a bridge between living humans and supernatural forces, often by means of trances induced by psychoactive drugs42
14690981780SlavesPerson legally owned by another person, thus making them property with no individual rights43
14690981781StateA compulsory political organization with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly of the legitimate use of force whiting a certain geographical territory44
14690981782Syncretic beliefsA combination of multiple religious beliefs such as Gnosticism, Christianity, and Greek philosophy.45
14690981783TheocracyA system of government in which priests rule in the name of god or a god46
14690981784TotalitarianismA system of government in which priests rule in the name of god or a god47
14690981785UrbanizationThe physical growth of a rural area into a city48
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ap vocab Flashcards

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14690409884InnovationA new or improved idea, device, product, etc, or the development thereof0
14690425120BinaryA way of representing information using only two options.1
14690426970BitA contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 12
14690436877BandwidthTransmission capacity measure by bit rate3
14690436878Bit rate(sometimes written bitrate) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.4
14690438568LatencyTime it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver.5
14690438569ProtocolA set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.6
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