AP English Language and Composition Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 14005701863 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent and abstraction in addition to literal meaning. |  | 0 |
| 14005701864 | Antecedent | Word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. |  | 1 |
| 14005701865 | Antithesis | Opposition or contrast of ideas through parallelism. |  | 2 |
| 14005701866 | Aphorism | Terse statement of unknown authorship which expresses a general truth or moral |  | 3 |
| 14005701867 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. |  | 4 |
| 14005701868 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. |  | 5 |
| 14005701869 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. |  | 6 |
| 14005701870 | Euphemism | Euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. |  | 7 |
| 14005701871 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. |  | 8 |
| 14005701872 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. |  | 9 |
| 14005701873 | Metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. |  | 10 |
| 14005701874 | Anaphora | A sub-type of parallelism, when the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. |  | 11 |
| 14005701875 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish |  | 12 |
| 14005701876 | Prose | one of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms. |  | 13 |
| 14005701877 | Semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another. |  | 14 |
| 14005701878 | Syllogism | From the Greek for "reckoning together," a syllogism is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. |  | 15 |
| 14005701879 | Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole or, occasionally, the whole is used to represent a part. |  | 16 |
| 14005701880 | Synesthesia | When one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another. |  | 17 |
| 14005701881 | Annotation | Explanatory or critical notes added to a text. |  | 18 |
| 14005701882 | Epigram | A brief witty statement. |  | 19 |
| 14005701883 | Digression | The use of material unrelated to the subject of a work. |  | 20 |
| 14005701884 | Ellipsis | the omission of a word or several words necessary for a complete construction that is still understandable. |  | 21 |
| 14005701885 | Ad Hominem | Directed to or appealing to feelings or prejudices instead of to intellect or reason. |  | 22 |
| 14005701886 | Anachronism | A person, scene, event or other element that fails to correspond with the appropriate time or era. |  | 23 |
| 14005701887 | Didactic | Having an instructive purpose; intending to convey information to teach a lesson usually in a dry, pompous manner. |  | 24 |
| 14005701888 | Fallacy | An incorrect belief or supposition based on faulty data, defective evidence, or false information. |  | 25 |
| 14005701889 | Hubris | Excessive pride that often affects tone. |  | 26 |
| 14005701890 | Inductive Reasoning | A method of reasoning in which a number of specific facts or examples are used to make a generalization. |  | 27 |
| 14005701891 | Litotes | A form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity. |  | 28 |
| 14005701892 | Motif | A phrase, idea, or event that through repetition serves to unify or convey a theme in an essay or other discourse. |  | 29 |
| 14005701893 | Non Sequitur | A statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before. |  | 30 |
| 14005701894 | Anecdote | A short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. |  | 31 |
| 14005701895 | Jargon | Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand. |  | 32 |
| 14005701896 | Diatribe | A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something. |  | 33 |
| 14005701897 | Dogmatic | Inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true. |  | 34 |
| 14005701898 | Pernicious | Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way. |  | 35 |
| 14005701899 | Bellicose | Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight. |  | 36 |
| 14005701900 | Voracious | Craving or consuming large quantities of food. |  | 37 |
| 14005701901 | Zealous | Having or showing zeal. |  | 38 |
| 14005701902 | Tacit | Understood or implied without being stated. |  | 39 |
| 14005701903 | Innuendo | An allusive or oblique remark or hint, typically a suggestive or disparaging one. |  | 40 |
| 14005701904 | Languid | Displaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed. |  | 41 |
| 14005701905 | Consecrate | Make or declare (something, typically a church) sacred; dedicate formally to a religious or divine purpose. |  | 42 |
| 14005701906 | Dyspeptic | Of or having indigestion or consequent irritability or depression. |  | 43 |
| 14005701907 | Doggerel | Comic verse composed in irregular rhythm. |  | 44 |
| 14005701908 | Petulant | Childishly sulky or bad-tempered. |  | 45 |
| 14005701909 | Infidel | A person who does not believe in religion or who adheres to a religion other than one's own. |  | 46 |
| 14005701910 | Exhort | Strongly encourage or urge someone to do something. |  | 47 |
| 14005701911 | Cloistered | Kept away from the outside world; sheltered. |  | 48 |
| 14005701912 | Vex | Make (someone) feel annoyed, frustrated, or worried, especially with trivial matters. |  | 49 |
Flashcards
AP vocab unit 1 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 10528864796 | approbation | (n.) the expression of approval or favorable opinion, praise; official approval | 0 | |
| 10528864797 | assuage | (v.) to make easier or milder, relieve; to quiet, calm; to put an end to, appease, satisfy, quench | 1 | |
| 10528866083 | coalition | (n.) a combination, union, or merger for some specific purpose | 2 | |
| 10528871543 | decadence | (n.) decline, decay, or deterioration; a condition or period of decline or decay; excessive self-indulgence | 3 | |
| 10528871544 | elicit | (v.) to draw forth, bring out from some source (such as another person) | 4 | |
| 10528874189 | expostulate | (v) to argue earnestly in an attempt to dissuade or show strong disapproval | 5 | |
| 10528876888 | hackneyed | (adj.) used so often as to lack freshness or originality | 6 | |
| 10528878782 | hiatus | (n.) a gap, opening, break | 7 | |
| 10528882046 | innuendo | (n.) a hint, indirect suggestion, or reference (often in a derogatory sense) | 8 | |
| 10528882047 | intercede | (v.) to plead on behalf of someone else; to serve as a third party or go-between in a disagreement | 9 | |
| 10528883504 | jaded | (adj.) wearied, worn-out, dulled (in the sense of being satiated by excessive indulgence) | 10 | |
| 10528883505 | lurid | (adj.) causing shock, horror, or revulsion; sensational; pale or sallow in color; terrible or passionate in intensity or lack of restraint | 11 | |
| 10528884979 | meritorious | (adj.) - deserving of praise, reward, esteem | 12 | |
| 10528887267 | petulant | (adj.) peevish, annoyed by trifles, easily irritated and upset | 13 | |
| 10528888838 | prerogative | (n) a special right or privilege; a special quality showing excellence | 14 | |
| 10528890528 | provincial | (adj.) pertaining to an outlying area; local; narrow in mind or outlook, countrified in the sense of being limited and backward; of a simple, plain design that originated in the countryside | 15 | |
| 10528891695 | simulate | (v) to make a pretense of, imitate; to show the outer signs of | 16 | |
| 10528892605 | transcend | (v) to rise above or beyond, exceed | 17 | |
| 10528893844 | umbrage | (n) offense or annoyance | 18 | |
| 10528897064 | unctuous | (adj.) Excessively smooth or smug; trying too hard to give an impression of earnestness, sincerity, or piety; fatty, oily; pliable | 19 |
Flashcards
AP World History Chapter 8 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 15086357988 | 17 Article Constitution | Meaning: In 604 CE, an aristocratic leader named Shotoku Taishi wrote this document. The constitution proclaimed a Japanese ruler as an emperor, it encouraged Buddhism and Confucianism. Significance: This constitution was significant because it represented how the Japanese adopted some aspects of Chinese cultures like religions or belief systems. During the following decades, Japanese authorities adopted Chinese-style court rituals, the Chinese Calendar, and Chinese tax/law systems. | 0 | |
| 15086523524 | Bushido | Meaning: 'way of the warrior". The strict code of conduct for samurais. The values were: bravery, loyalty, honor, endurance, great skill in martial arts, and a preference for death over surrender. Significance: This showed how the Japanese were able to only choose which parts of Chinese culture to adopt. Japan's celebration of warrior and physical strength was in contrast with the Chinese's emphasis on intellectual or scholarly achievements. | 1 | |
| 15086610754 | Chinese Buddhism | Meaning: A different branch of Buddhism that represented cultural Chinese beliefs. Took root roughly between 300 and 800 CE within the elite and popular culture. Significance: Originally, the beliefs in Buddhism greatly undermined that of Confucianism. Following the collapse of the Han Dynasty Buddhism was appealing because it provided comfort despite how much their society was suffering. Indian concepts were also modified to help Chinese interpretation. (Ex. "husband supports wife" turned into "husband controls wife" ). | 2 | |
| 15086777833 | Chu nom | Meaning: A variation of Chinese writing that was created by the Vietnamese. Significance: Chu nom provided the basis for an independent national literature and it was also a vehicle for the writing of the most educated women. This represented the Chinese's failure to make Vietnam patriarchal. | 3 | |
| 15086849228 | Foot Binding | Meaning: It was a common practice in China. It involved the tight wrapping of a young girls foot, usually breaking the bones and resulting in immense pain. Significance: Foot binding was something that came out as a result of China's tightening patriarchy. It was associated with female beauty, frailty, and it made it more difficult for women to leave their "inner quarters". It also separated Chinese women from "Barbarian" women and it distinguished social class. | 4 | |
| 15086941545 | Gunpowder | Meaning: (created around 1000) A mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal. When it was first made, it was the accidentally by product of a Daoist alchemist who was trying to make an elixir for mortality. Significance: Though this was not the intention, the creation of gunpowder led to it being a revolution in military affairs. It's uses in war during the Song dynasty happened very rapidly. Eventually gunpowder reached the rest of Eurasia and it changed the nature of warfare forever. | 5 | |
| 15087081056 | Hangul | Meaning: A phonetic alphabet that was created for writing the Korean language. Significance: Korea wanted to move towards-greater cultural independence from China. Creating their own alphabet was the start of this. This new form of writing took hold in private correspondence and among women. | 6 | |
| 15087178666 | Hangzhou | Meaning: The capital during the Song Dynasty. Significance; Hangzhou was described by many as a great and luxurious place. Observers said that they had specialized markets , luxurious inns, prostitutes, and more. It overall represented the prosperity of China during the Song Dynasty. | 7 | |
| 15103034829 | House of Wisdom | 8 | ||
| 15103189420 | Murasaki Shikibu | Meaning: One of the greatest Japanese and female authors. Significance: She is known for writing the Tale of Genji, a novel that provides an intimate picture if the intrigues and romances of court life. | 9 | |
| 15103322382 | Northern Nomads | Meaning: These were the nomads/pastoral peoples of China. Significance: The Chinese described these nomads as "barbarians" yet at the same time they were needed by China, especially for trading. This also led to the Tribute System being in use with China and foreigners. At times, however, the tribute system was overpowered by the forces of the Nomads and these nomads that took control parts of China extorted large "gifts" from them and also ravaged and raided Chinese communities. | 10 | |
| 15103469440 | Pure Land Buddhism | Meaning: This was a popular expression of Buddhism in China. Significance: In this expression, people could faithfully repeat the name of an earlier Buddha (the Amitabha) can lead to a rebirth in a heavenly "Pure Land). It emphasized reaching salvation without arduous study or intensive meditation. This made it a Chinese version of the Indian faith. | 11 | |
| 15103609726 | Song Dynasty | Meaning: (960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts other than military. Significance: Dynasty that was also apart of the Golden Age in China. They had more restrictions on women than during the Tang Dynasty. Song Dynasty was also "by far the richest, most skilled, and populous country on earth" because of China's economic revolution. Industrial production also soared during this time. | 12 | |
| 15112341591 | Sui Dynasty | Meaning: (589-618 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was like the Qin Dynasty in imposing tight political discipline; this dynasty built the Grand Canal which helped transport the rice in the south to the north. Significance: During this dynasty, ideals from the belief system called legalism were adopted, which made it very similar to China during the Qin Dynasty. China regained political unity again during the Sui Dynasty. They also built a massive canal system that linked northern and southern China, especially economically. | 13 | |
| 15112428241 | The Tale of Genji | Meaning: written by Lady Murasaki; first novel in any languange; relates life history of prominent and amorous son of the Japanese emperor's son; evidence for mannered style of the Japanese society. | 14 | |
| 15112452118 | Tang Dynasty | Meaning: dynasty often referred to as China's Golden age that reigned during 618 - 907 AD Significance: During this dynasty, China was described as "the best ordered state in the world". After the short Sui Reign, the Tang dynasty offered even more guidance through the disorder that the Sui Dynasty trie to fix. During this dynasty there were new more elaborate exams to make it so that not only aristocrats could be officials. Women were also less restricted. | 15 | |
| 15112592400 | Tribute System | Meaning: Chinese method of dealing with foreign lands and peoples that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute—produce of value from their countries—to the Chinese emperor (although the Chinese gifts given in return were often much more valuable). If they paid tribute, they were given permission to trade in China's rich trade centers. | 16 | |
| 15112608198 | Xiongnu | Meaning: This was a confederacy that was established by the nomadic people around the same time as the Han Dynasty. It reached from Manchuria to Central Asia Significance: The Xiongnu were very powerful and often conducted raids into Northern China. The tribute system did not work with them because they were so powerful so instead China had to see them as AT LEAST equals. Because of all the raids, the Chinese Emperor recognized the state as a political equal, promised its leader a princess to marry, and agreed to give them supplies of grain, wine, and silk. | 17 |
Flashcards
AP media 2018 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 12033263061 | prior restraint | government censorship of information before it is published or broadcast | 0 | |
| 12033271642 | shield laws | Laws that give reporters some protection against having to reveal their sources | 1 | |
| 12033285046 | Freedom of Information Act | Gives all citizens the right to inspect all records of federal agencies except those containing military, intelligence, or trade secrets; increases accountability of bureaucracy | 2 | |
| 12033292914 | watchdog function | the press stands ready to expose officials who violate accepted legal, ethical, or performance standards | 3 | |
| 12033304194 | Gatekeeper | The media can influence what subjects become national political issues and for how long. | 4 | |
| 12033311279 | Scorekeeper role of media | keep track of and make political reputations | 5 | |
| 12033349177 | National Media | certain publications and broadcast stations supply most of the information that more local stations publish | 6 | |
| 12033377845 | on the record | information provided to a journalist that can be released and attributed by name to the source | 7 | |
| 12033388204 | off the record | info provided to a journalist that will not be released to the public | 8 | |
| 12033399077 | deep background | Information from an official that can be printed but not attributed at all. | 9 | |
| 12033451168 | Woodward and Bernstein | two reporters for the Washington Post who uncover the Watergate scandal by constant digging and tips from "Deep Throat" bring down Nixon in 1974 | 10 | |
| 12033465914 | Trial Baloons | an intentional news leak for the purpose of assessing the political reaction | 11 | |
| 12033498289 | Libel | a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation. | 12 | |
| 12033505016 | Slander | the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation. | 13 | |
| 12033523395 | CSPAN | Cable Satellite Public Affairs Network, a group that broadcasts government events on television (congress) | 14 | |
| 12033536453 | "spin" | a favorable interpretation of a story or event | 15 | |
| 12033573846 | equal time rule | An FCC rule that if a broadcaster sells time to one candidate, it must sell equal time to other candidates. | 16 | |
| 12033598034 | Muckraking | the action of searching out and publicizing scandalous information about famous people in an underhanded way. | 17 | |
| 12033621273 | Media Bias | Bias or slant in the selection of which news to report and how the news is reported. | 18 | |
| 12033629728 | adversarial press | the tendency of the national media to be suspicious of officials and eager to reveal unflattering stories about them | 19 | |
| 12033659908 | talk radio | tends to be dominated by conservatives | 20 | |
| 12033696923 | Routine news stories | standard news events that are commonly covered by many outlets | 21 |
AP English Language and Composition Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 14006092203 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent and abstraction in addition to literal meaning. | 0 | |
| 14006092204 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. The AP language exam occasionally asks for the antecedent of a given pronoun in a long, complex sentence or in a group of sentences. | 1 | |
| 14006092205 | Antithesis | Opposition or contrast of ideas through parallelism. | | 2 |
| 14006092206 | Aphorism | Terse statement of unknown authorship which expresses a general truth or moral | | 3 |
| 14006092207 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. | | 4 |
| 14006092208 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. | | 5 |
| 14006092209 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. | | 6 |
| 14006092210 | Euphemism | Euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. | | 7 |
| 14006092211 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. | | 8 |
| 14006092212 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. | | 9 |
| 14006092213 | Metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. | | 10 |
| 14006092214 | Anaphora | A sub-type of parallelism, when the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. | | 11 |
| 14006092215 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish | | 12 |
| 14006092216 | Prose | one of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms. | | 13 |
| 14006092217 | Semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another. | | 14 |
| 14006092218 | Syllogism | From the Greek for "reckoning together," a syllogism is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. | | 15 |
| 14006092219 | Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole or, occasionally, the whole is used to represent a part. | | 16 |
| 14006092220 | Synesthesia | When one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another. | | 17 |
| 14006092221 | Annotation | Explanatory or critical notes added to a text. | | 18 |
| 14006092222 | Epigram | A brief witty statement. | | 19 |
| 14006092223 | Digression | The use of material unrelated to the subject of a work. | | 20 |
| 14006092224 | Ellipsis | the omission of a word or several words necessary for a complete construction that is still understandable. | | 21 |
| 14006092225 | Ad Hominem | Directed to or appealing to feelings or prejudices instead of to intellect or reason. | | 22 |
| 14006092226 | Anachronism | A person, scene, event or other element that fails to correspond with the appropriate time or era. | | 23 |
| 14006092227 | Didactic | Having an instructive purpose; intending to convey information to teach a lesson usually in a dry, pompous manner. | | 24 |
| 14006092228 | Fallacy | An incorrect belief or supposition based on faulty data, defective evidence, or false information. | | 25 |
| 14006092229 | Hubris | Excessive pride that often affects tone. | | 26 |
| 14006092230 | Inductive Reasoning | A method of reasoning in which a number of specific facts or examples are used to make a generalization. | | 27 |
| 14006092231 | Litotes | A form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity. | | 28 |
| 14006092232 | Motif | A phrase, idea, or event that through repetition serves to unify or convey a theme in an essay or other discourse. | | 29 |
| 14006092233 | Non Sequitur | A statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before. | | 30 |
| 14006092234 | Anecdote | A short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. | | 31 |
| 14006092235 | Jargon | Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand. | | 32 |
| 14006092236 | Diatribe | A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something. | | 33 |
| 14006092237 | Dogmatic | Inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true. | | 34 |
| 14006092238 | Pernicious | Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way. | | 35 |
| 14006092239 | Bellicose | Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight. | | 36 |
| 14006092240 | Voracious | Craving or consuming large quantities of food. | | 37 |
| 14006092241 | Zealous | Having or showing zeal. | | 38 |
| 14006092242 | Tacit | Understood or implied without being stated. | | 39 |
| 14006092243 | Innuendo | An allusive or oblique remark or hint, typically a suggestive or disparaging one. | | 40 |
| 14006092244 | Languid | Displaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed. | | 41 |
| 14006092245 | Consecrate | Make or declare (something, typically a church) sacred; dedicate formally to a religious or divine purpose. | | 42 |
| 14006092246 | Dyspeptic | Of or having indigestion or consequent irritability or depression. | | 43 |
| 14006092247 | Doggerel | Comic verse composed in irregular rhythm. | | 44 |
| 14006092248 | Petulant | Childishly sulky or bad-tempered. | | 45 |
| 14006092249 | Infidel | A person who does not believe in religion or who adheres to a religion other than one's own. | | 46 |
| 14006092250 | Exhort | Strongly encourage or urge someone to do something. | | 47 |
| 14006092251 | Cloistered | Kept away from the outside world; sheltered. | | 48 |
| 14006092252 | Vex | Make (someone) feel annoyed, frustrated, or worried, especially with trivial matters. | | 49 |
Flashcards
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