Section 2C States of Matter Kinetic-Molecular Theory All particles are in motion. Add energy = increase motion. Motion tries to tear apart matter. Attractive forces hold matter together. Attractive ? electrical, between particles Disruptive ? caused by kinetic energy (motion) Balance between these forces determines state. Kinetic-Molecular Theory Two Forces Solid Low energy Touching Locked in place Only vibrate (The inter-molecular forces are higher in energy than the kinetic energy.) 4 p. 41 of Chem. textbook Liquid More kinetic energy Still touching Not locked in place Can roll around (The intermolecular forces are almost equal to the kinetic energy.) 5 p. 41 of Chem. textbook Atoms are touching. Attractions are greater than repulsions. Atoms roll around. Atoms are small.