Theoretical Perspectives Biological Perspectives Medical model Physiological model Pros and cons of this model Biological Perspective Biological factors play a role (not the only one) in development of psychopathology Neurotransmitters Hormones Genetic influences Brain development Psychosocial approaches Emphasize importance of early experience Recognize social influences and psychological processes Psychodynamic perspectives Structure of the mind Conscious, preconscious (telephone number), unconscious Structure of personality Id, ego, superego Defense mechanisms Stages of Psychosexual development Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital Cognitive-Behavioral Approach Cognitive influences Attributions Negative automatic thoughts Cognitive errors Behavioral influences