AP Environmental Science Unit 2 Test Ch. 3 & 4 Do NOT write on the test 49) Which statement describes the result of the second law of thermodynamics? A. In any isolated system entropy tends to increase spontaneously. B. Heat energy always flows spontaneously from hot to cold. C. Energy can not be created or destroyed. D. Energy input always equals energy output. 50) The energy available to the tertiary consumers (top carnivores) in a particular ecosystem is 10 kJ m?2 y?1. How much energy (in kJ m?2 y?1 ) is likely to be passed on by the producers to the primary consumers? A. 1 B. 10 C. 100 D. 1000 E. 10,000 51) How is the net productivity of the producers in an ecosystem defined? A. Energy fixed by biomass per unit time plus respiratory losses