SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Islamic Civilization Umayyad Abbasid Time Period 661-750 A.D. 750-1258 Geographic Description -began in Arabia, moved out of peninsula both west -Egypt, across North Africa as far as Spain (Moors), east to Persia and Northern India (Indus); northern boundary was the Byzantine Empire -Religion spread Africa, Asia, Southern Europe via trade and conquest -by 700, conquered Spain (west)?Central Asia (east) -Holy city = Mecca (hajj) and also Medina (hijra) smaller geographically than Umayyad, centered in Middle East more extensive trade not only overland but overseas but dominated the Indian Ocean Trade Network Political -1st Caliphate