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Art History

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AP Art History

Romanesque Architecture and Portals

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Romanesque Architecture and Sculptural Programs key ideas: Latin cross plan coherence of design: unity and symmetry heavy, thick walls and small windows the use of a Roman vault?inherently limited; the barrel vault creates tremendous thrust at the springing point creates a wonderful ?stage? for the miracle of the Eucharist?the presence of God?God made incarnate again large, ordered space which contrasted strongly with the chaos and uncertainty outside the church walls use of sculptural programs to educate and engage the viewer Roman barrel vault in order to support a heavy roof?one that is very wide--the walls of the nave would have to be very, very thick floor plan Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela Spain 1075-1211 floor plan Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy early 12th century

Ancient Rome Slides

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The Romans as Engineers How does technological change transform architectural structures? How do technological advances allow the Roman Empire to expand? How does concrete allow the Roman Empire to replicate its values throughout a far-flung empire? Etruscans The Etruscans gave the Romans: the arch the vault advances in land-drainage, irrigation, and sewer design the atrium house the rectangular temple plan Greeks The Greeks gave the Romans: the gridiron town plan the peristyle form (columns all around) But the Romans invented concrete. The Romans built upon the engineering developments of the Greeks and Etruscans (central Italy, 750-200 BCE). Why do the keystone and voussoir matter? Why are these two terms so significant? Why is wood necessary? What are the limitations?

Ancient Greece Slides

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Art of Ancient Greece What you must memorize. Terms and Stuff city-state -- a polis an autonomous region having a city as its political, cultural, religious, and economic center for example: Athens, Sparta, Corinth or Thebes?remember Antigone a stoa ?colonnaded pavilion, open on three sides the importance of the procession stadium sanctuaries Mount Olympos Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi (the oracle of Delphi) Temples a Mycenaen megaron?the source of the Greek Temple a columned entrance porch an anteroom with a central doorway a living space with a central hearth and four columns supporting the roof around the opening The Ionic order has a frieze and a base as well as a different capital. The proportions of the Ionic order are more elongated.

Romanesque Architecture

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Architecture Terms Romanesque Churches aisle ambulatory apse chapels choir crossing cruciform nave piers portal sanctuary transept jamb jamb column lintel portal spandrel transept trumeau tympanum portal arcade blind arcade clerestory corbels gallery nave piers ribs spandrel string courses vaulting arcade blind arcade clerestory gallery nave piers ribs spandrel string courses vaulting arcade blind arcade clerestory gallery nave piers ribs spandrel string courses vaulting arcade clerestory gallery nave piers apse gallery nave westwork campanile

Periods and Terms

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Art of Ancient Greece 1 2 Major Periods Geometric Period 900-700 BCE Orientalizing Period 700-600 BCE Archaic Period 600-480 BCE Athens has a representative government; every community (deme) had its own assembly and magistrates 3 4. Classical Period framed by the defeat of the Persians (479 BCE) and the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) Early Classical 480-450 BCE destruction of the Persian fleet in the Straits of Salamis, 479 BCE 5th Century Classical 450-400 BCE Pericles rebuilds the Acropolis, he dies in 429 BCE Sparta dominated the Peloponnese and much of the rest of mainland Greece; 4 5th Century Classical 450-400 BCE (continued?) Athens dominated the Aegean and became a wealthy and influential center of a maritime empire

Michelangelo Slides

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An overview of the Sistine Chapel from SmartHistory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqrgWXAS9O8&list=PL416DFD0E8407318C https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-5agYcN9uU&list=PL416DFD0E8407318C Michelangelo The Sistine Chapel (Capella Sistina), Vatican 1510 The Creation of Adam Creation of the Sun, Moon, and Plants Separation of the Earth from the Waters Creation of the Eve The Fall and Expulsion from Garden of Eden Sacrifice of the Noah The Deluge The Drunkenness of Noah The Delphic Sibyl The Cumaean Sibyl The Libyan Sibyl Jeremiah Separation of the Light from the Darkness

Mannerism Slides

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maniera: intellectually intricate subjects highly skilled techniques art concerned with beauty for its own sake extraordinary virtuosity (the artist is obviously extremely skilled at his craft) Characteristics: sophisticated, elegant compositions fearless manipulations or distortions of accepted formal conventions irrational spatial effects figures that have elongated proportions exaggerated poses enigmatic gestures and expressions Mannerism began in Rome and Florence. Grace was elevated and became the ideal?not rationality or naturalism. Mannerism Jacopo da Pontormo Halberdier 1530s oil on canvas, 92 x 72 cm J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Jacopo da Pontormo Entombment (The Deposition) 1525-1528 oil on wood Cappella Capponi, Santa Felicit?, Florence

Late Renaissance Slides

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* 1. The Small Cowper Madonna 2. Raphael Late Renaissance oil on wood panel Raphael The School of Athens 1509 fresco, width at the base 770 cm * Titan Venus of Urbino c. 1538 oil on canvas * * Vitruvian Man da Vinci Renaissance ink on vellum * Pieta Michelangelo marble Renaissance 1500 * Venus of Urbino Titian Renaissance oil on canvas * Portrait of a Young Man Bronzino Late Renaissance Mannerism oil on wood panel * David Michelangelo marble Renaissance * The Cumaean Sibyl Michelangelo The Sistine Chapel (Capella Sistina), Vatican 1510 * Moses Michelangelo Renaissance marble * Adam and Eve

International Gothic Style Slides

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?Angel from the Visitation Group 1211-25Cathedral, Reims 1 Pages with Betrayal and Arrest of Christ and Annunciation from The Book of Hours of Jeanne d?Evreux c. 1325-1328 2 Virgin and ChildAbbey Church of St. Denisc. 1339 3 Christus Patiens -- CrucifixCoppo di Marcovaldo 1250-1300
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Early Christian, Medieval, and Romanesque Test Questions

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Thinking Questions: Apply what you have learned. What is the difference between an icon and a reliquary? Angelos Akotantos The Virgin Cardiotissa 1400-50 tempera and leaf on panel Maso di Bartolommeo Reliquary for the Holy Girdle of the Virgin c. 1446 embossed copper, engraved and gilded, wood, panels of horn, ivory, and fabric Consider these two different representations of Eve. Creation of Eve Master Wiligelmus a detail from a series of Genesis reliefs on the west fa?ade of the Cathedral of San Geminiano, Modena, Italy ca. 1106 Eve Autun Cathedral Cathedral of Saint-Lazare Burgundy, France 12th century Each image presents a different argument. Please compare each. Make sure you explicitly explain how each argument is communicated visually.

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