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Tuscany

14th Century Gothic Art

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Chapter 9: From Gothic to Renaissance 14th Century Italian Art Theme: Observe the Bean Sprout!? -interest in the NATURAL world -the sprout is determined to break through the old soil to reach for the sun (FAME). -the sprout has three roots: new economic growth, the philosophy of humanism and emphasis on personal experience 14th Century Art -Pictorial realism -humanism, direct observation, solidity of forms and interest in illusion Medieval Europe change to the European Renaissance -change came slowly -Classical?..Medieval??Renaissance European Renaissance -Renaissance- means rebirth -14th ?16th century -concern with the natural world, the individual, and humanity?s worldly existences -religion still plays a big role but more concern is put into humanism

European Power Plays

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France England Italian STATES Holy Roman Empire (H.R.E.) Spain Eastern Europe + Byzantine Empire City-states led by ?oligarchy? (often wealthy merchants) Peace of Lodi (1454-94) by Cosimo d? Medici Balance of power=political alliances to maintain relative peace Borgias: control papacy (Pope Alexander VI) & son is Cardinal Cesare Borgia Cosimo d? Medici: Diplomacy (POL), advisor & leader of ruling oligarchy in Florence & the bank (lots of bribery or ?lavish patronage?) Lorenzo d? Medici: court powerful political allies & led Florence in CR* 100 YEAR?S WAR: Charles VII vs. Estates-General (reps from all 3 estates) & the taille, property tax Orchestrated it without their approval during war time
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