Incorporation of the Bill of Rights

Chapter 4 Outline How did the basic interpretation of the Bill of Rights change from the cases Barron v. Baltimore (1833) to Gitlow v. New York (1925)? Barron v. Baltimore- the 1833 Supreme Court decision holding that the bill of rights restrained only the national government, not the states and cities. Gitlow v. New York- Incorporated 1st Amendment right of Free Speech to the states, using the 14th Amendment. This case started the incorporation doctrine, the legal concept under which the SC has nationalized the bill of rights by making most of its provisions applicable to the states through the 14th Amendment. Explain the importance of the 14th Amendment to the legal guarantees of the freedoms in the Bill of Rights.