Permanent income hypothesis

Module 16: Income and Expenditure -The nature of the multiplier, which shows how initial changes in spending lead to further changes -The meaning of the aggregate consumption function, which shows how current disposable income affects consumer spending -How expected future income and aggregate wealth affect consumer spending -The determinants of investment spending -Why investment spending is considered a leading indicator of the future state of the economy ? Assumptions: 1. We assume producers are willing to supply additional output at a fixed price causing changes in overall spending translate into changes in aggregate output 2. We take the interest rate as given 3. We assume that there is no government spending and no taxes