Territorial evolution of the United States

RUSSO-AMERICAN TREATY Fixed the line of 54?40' as the southernmost boundary of Russian holdings in North America. LOOSE CONSTRUCTION Legal doctrine that the federal government can use powers not specifically granted or prohibited in the Constitution to carry out its constitutionally mandated responsibilities. TREATY OF GHENT Ended the War of 1812 in a virtual draw, restoring prewar borders but failing to address any of the grievances that first brought America into the war. OLIVER HAZARD PERRY (1785-1819) American naval officer whose decisive victory over a British fleet on Lake Erie during the War of 1812 reinvigorated American morale and paved the way for General William Henry Harrison's victory at the Battle of the Thames in 1813. TARIFF OF 1816