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Dance science

Anatomy - Skeletal System Notes

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Biology
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Dance science
Skeletal system
Anatomy
Dance
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Rib cage
Skeleton
Hip bone
Vertebral column
Pelvis
Rib

Skeleton is composed of (206) bones, cartilage, articulations, nd ligaments--divided into axial and appendicular skeleton Axial- (80 bones) skull, vertebrae, rib cage Skull-22 bones- cranium//8--facial//14--+6 auditory ossicles and 1 hyoid bone Vertebral Column- 24 vertebrae 1 sacrum 1 coccyx Thoracic Cage-24 ribs and 1 sternum Appendicular (126 bones)- upper and lower limbs and the girdles that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton Pectoral girdles- 2 clavicles and 2 scapulas Arms- 60 bones-- 2 humerus--2 radius--2 ulna--16 carpals- 10 metacarpals-- 28 phalanges Pelvic Girdle-2 coxal bones Legs- 60 bones-- 2 femurs, 2 patellas, 2 tibia, 2 fibulas

Anatomy - Articulation Notes

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Biology
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Joints
Dance science
Anatomy
Synovial joint
Anatomical terms of motion
Synarthrosis
Pivot joint
Hinge joint
Articular disk
Synovial fluid
Saddle joint
Amphiarthrosis

Movement of bones occurs at joints or articulations Articulations- joints where bones meet Structural classification -- Functional classification Fibrous- no synovial cavity, bones held tightly together by fibrous connective tissue Synarthrosis- immovable joint/ no movement -- examples: sutures, teeth and maxilla/mandible Cartilaginous- no synovial cavity, bones held together by cartilage or ligament. Amphiarthrosis- slightly movable joint -- ex: pubic symphysis Synovial- synovial cavity, bones held together by ligaments. Diarthrosis- freely movable joint - angular movement allowed Most bones of synovial joints are covered by a fibrocartilage pad called articular discs (menisci) Diarthrosis- are divided into subtypes of joints: Gliding/plane joint hinge joint pivot joint

Anatomy - Bone Notes

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Biology
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Skeletal system
Dance science
Anatomy
Biology
Bone
Endochondral ossification
Intramembranous ossification
Osteoblast
Ossification
Periosteum
Long bone
Skeleton

Skeletal organization skeleton is divided into the axial and appendicular portions Axial skeleton- skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage Appendicular skeleton- pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs. Bone Classification-adult skeleton contains 206 bones Long Bones- long and slender- found in arm, forearm, thigh, leg palms,soles, fingers, toes Short bone- boxlike-found in wrists and ankles sesamoid bones- special class of short bones, usually embedded in tendons and small except the patella(larger) Flat bones- thin, parallel surfaces, found inroof of skull, sternum, ribs, and scapula Irregular bones- complex shapes, with flat, notched or ridged surfaces. Include vertebrae, facial skull bones and hip bones
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