soil profile
Cross-sectional view of the horizons in a soil. See soil horizon.
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Chapter 10 - Geology: Processes, Hazards, and Soils
soil porosity
See porosity.
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soil permeability
Rate at which water and air move from upper to lower soil layers. Compare porosity.
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soil horizons
Horizontal zones that make up a particular mature soil. Each horizon has a distinct texture and composition that vary with different types of soils. See soil profile.
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soil erosion
Movement of soil components, especially topsoil, from one place to another, usually by wind, flowing water, or both. This natural process can be greatly accelerated by human activities that remove vegetation from soil.
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soil conservation
Methods used to reduce soil erosion, prevent depletion of soil nutrients, and restore nutrients already lost by erosion, leaching, and excessive crop harvesting.
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soil
Complex mixture of inorganic minerals (clay, silt, pebbles, and sand), decaying organic matter, water, air, and living organisms.
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shelterbelt
See windbreak.
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sedimentary rock
Rock that forms from the accumulated products of erosion and in some cases from the compacted shells, skeletons, and other remains of dead organisms. See rock cycle. Compare igneous rock, metamorphic rock.
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salinization
Accumulation of salts in soil that can eventually make the soil unable to support plant growth.
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