APUSH CRAM CARDS Flashcards
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APUSH CRAM CARDS Flashcards
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Mirror and Lenses Facts Flashcards
This is a collection of physics facts about spherical mirrors and thin lens approximations. The distance between the object and optical piece is the variable "p." The distance between the image and the optical piece is the variable "q."
Terms : Hide Images
| 773497533 | What does a concave lens look like. | It looks like this. |  |
| 773497534 | What does a convex mirror look like? | It looks like this |  |
| 773497535 | What does a "positive" lens look like? | These lenses are wider in the middle that at the edges. |  |
| 773497536 | What does a "negative" lens look like | These lenses are thinner in the middle that at the edges. |  |
| 773497537 | What does a converging lens look like? | These lenses are wider in the middle that at the edges. | |
| 773497538 | What does a diverging lens look like | These lenses are thinner in the middle that at the edges. | |
| 773497539 | Where can an object be placed in front a concave mirror such that it creates a real image that is the same height as the original? | At the center of curvature. | |
| 773497540 | Where can an object be placed in front of concave mirror such that it creates a real image? |  | |
| 773497541 | Where can an object be placed in front of concave mirror such that the image it creates is magnified larger than the original? | Any between the focus and the mirror's surface will create this kind of image magnification. | |
| 773497542 | This type of mirror cannot enlarge an object. | Convex mirror give this type of magnification. | |
| 773497543 | What is the sign of the calculated magnification for the image to be upside-down. | A negative magnification means it is upside down. | |
| 773497544 | What is the sign of the calculated magnification for the image to be erect. | A positive magnification does this to the image. | |
| 773497545 | When playing hide-and-go-seek, where is the perfect place to stand to hide your image from a concave mirror? | At the focus because an image is not created when standing at the focus. | |
| 773497546 | What is the sign of "q" for an image to be a virtual image? | Negative "q's" yield virtual images. | |
| 773497547 | Which mirror can only generate virtual images? | Convex mirrors can only generate these image types. | |
| 773497548 | What type of mirror can only generate upright images? | Convex mirrors. | |
| 773497549 | Which incident ray of light on a curved mirror is reflected at the same angle it hits the mirror? | The ray that impacts the mirror at the vertex. | |
| 773497550 | Which incident ray of light on a curved mirror is reflected back on itself? | The incident ray that travels through the center. | |
| 773497551 | Which incident ray of light on a THIN lens is not refracted? | The one that travels through the vertex of the lens. | |
| 773497552 | What type of lens cannot magnify an image? | Diverging lenses cannot magnify a object's image. | |
| 773497553 | What type of lens can only create virtual images? | Diverging lenses can only create virtual images. | |
| 773497554 | What is the lens equation? |  | |
| 773497555 | What else uses the lens equation. | Curved mirrors. | |
| 773497556 | Where is a virtual image located on any mirror? |  | |
| 773497557 | Where is a real image located on any mirror? |  | |
| 773497558 | Where is a real image located when using any lens? |  | |
| 773497559 | Where is a virtual image located when using any lens? |  | |
| 773497560 | Which type of lens has a negative focal length? (Do not answer a negative lens) | Diverging lenses have a negative focal length. | |
| 773497561 | Which type of lens has a positive focal length? (Do not answer a positive lens.) | Converging lenses have a positive focal length. | |
| 773497562 | Which type of lens has cannot magnify an object? | Diverging or negative lenses cannot magnify and object. | |
| 773497563 | If an object is placed at the center of curvature for a converging lens, then where will the image be found? |  | |
| 773497564 | Where can an object be placed in front of a positive lens such that the image will have the same height as the object. | At the center of curvature. | |
| 773497565 | If light is shining on a converging lens from left to right, --->, then which side will have the primary focus? | The primary side is the side the light 1st hits. The primary focus is the focus associated with the side the light hits first. |  |
| 773497566 | If light is shining on a diverging lens from left to right, --->, then which side will have the primary focus? | The primary side is the side the light hits first. The primary focus is the focus associated with the side the light hits first. |  |
| 773497567 | Besides being on the back side of a mirror, what to all virtual images have in common? | All virtual images are erect, (upright.) | |
| 773497568 | Which type of lens cannot magnify an object? | Diverging, or negative, lenses canot magnify an object. | |
| 773497569 | What units are the variables in the lens equation? | It does not matter as long as they are all the same. | |
| 773497570 | What are the units used in calculating the magnification of an image? | It does not matter as long as they are all the same. | |
| 773497571 | When is the distance between a mirror and object negative in a formula? | Never. Object distances are all positive. |
Physics Light Unit Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 796927365 | Ray Model of Light | Light travels in straight lines, it can only be changed when there is an obstruction in its path, Light behaves like a wave, Light is made up of photons | |
| 796927366 | Luminous Source | An object that emits light | |
| 796927367 | Illuminated Source | An object that reflects light | |
| 796927368 | Opaque | Media that do not transmit light, but reflect light | |
| 796927369 | Transparent | Media that transmit light | |
| 796927370 | Translucent | media that transmit light, but do not permit objects to be seen clearly through them | |
| 796927371 | Speed of light | travels at 300,000 kilometers per second | |
| 796927372 | Law of Reflection | Light gets reflected from a surface at the same angle it hits it. | |
| 796927373 | Specular reflection | The light only reflects in one direction | |
| 796927374 | Diffuse Reflection | The light is scattered in different directions | |
| 796927375 | White | A mixture of the three primary colors | |
| 796927376 | Primary Colors | Red, Blue, Green | |
| 796927377 | Secondary Colors | Magenta, Cyan, Yellow (the combination of two primary colors mixed together) | |
| 796927378 | Complementary colors | Blue and yellow, red and Cyan, Green and magenta (two colors that can be combined to make white) | |
| 796927379 | Color scale | Red is the least frequent, violet is the most frequent | |
| 796927380 | Dispersion | the amount an electromagnetic wave refracts while traveling through a medium | |
| 796927381 | focal point | the point at which initially different parraell rays of light meet after passing through a convex lens, or reflecting from a concave | |
| 796927382 | focal length | is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light | |
| 796927383 | Total internal reflection | When exceeding the critical angle, for that material, the ray will reflect internally within the material | |
| 796927384 | Refraction | The process of speed change while traveling through a different medium. | |
| 796927385 | Photoelectric Effect | When light incident on certain metallic surfaces causes electrons to be emitted from those surfaces | |
| 796927386 | Convex Mirror | a mirror where the sides are bent outwards | |
| 796927387 | Concave Mirror | a mirror where the sides are bent inwards | |
| 796927388 | Shadow | an area where light is blocked | |
| 796927389 | Photon | a small quantity of light. A short packet of a wave | |
| 796927390 | electron | negatively charged particle in an atom | |
| 796927391 | Intensity | how photons per second are produced or absorbed | |
| 796927392 | Photo luminance | photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. |
Waves and Sound Flashcards
all of the important physics definitions dealing with waves and sound
Terms : Hide Images
| 796107381 | wave | a disturbance that propagates through a medium or space are not matter, however the wave can travel in matter | |
| 796107382 | disturbance | changes in position with respect to time | |
| 796107383 | medium | waves can move over large distances, but the medium (rope or water) itself has only a limited movement. | |
| 796107384 | pulse wave | a wave that consists of a few disturbances. ex) shock wave | |
| 796107385 | periodic wave (continuous wave) | the motions are repeated at regular intervals | |
| 796107386 | simple harmonic motion | motion in which the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from an equilibrium position and is directed toward that position. | |
| 796107387 | wavelength | the distance between any two successive identical points on a wave | |
| 796107388 | frequency | the number of complete cycles per unit of time | |
| 796107389 | period | the time for one complete cycle | |
| 796107390 | amplitude | the meximum displacement of a wave as measure from its equilibrium or undisturbed position | |
| 796107391 | transverse wave | a wave in which the vibreations are at right angles to the direction of propagation of the wave | |
| 796107392 | longitudinal wave | a wave in which the vibrations are parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave | |
| 796107393 | rectlinear propagation | the propagation of the advancing straight wave is perpendicular to the wave front | |
| 796107394 | circular propagation | the propagation of the advancing circular wave lie along radial lines away from the center of disturbance | |
| 796107395 | incidence | an approaching wave | |
| 796107396 | reflection | the return of a wave from the boundary of a medium | |
| 796107397 | angle of incidence | the angle between the incident ray and the normal drawn to the point of incidence | |
| 796107398 | angle of reflection | the angle netween the reflected ray and the normal drawn to the point of the incidence | |
| 796107399 | ray | a line frawn in the direction perpendicular to the wavefront | |
| 796107400 | refraction | the bending of a wave disturbance as it passes obliquely from one medium into another | |
| 796107401 | diffraction | the spreading of a wave disturbance into a region behind an obstruction | |
| 796107402 | intensity | the power transferred across a unit area perpendicular to the direction of energy flow | |
| 796107403 | damping | the reduction in the amplitude of a wave due to the dissipation of wave energy | |
| 796107404 | wave crest | the top part of a wave | |
| 796107405 | wave trough | the bottom of a wave | |
| 796107406 | sound | the series of distubances in matter to which the human ear is sensative. also, similar disturbances in matter above and below of normal range of human hearing | |
| 796107407 | audio range (audio spectrum) | frequencies between 20-20,000 hertz | |
| 796107408 | ultrasonic | vibrations in matter above 20,000 hertz | |
| 796107409 | sonic spectrum | the freequency range of sound | |
| 796107410 | infrasonic | vibrations in matter below 20 hertz | |
| 796107411 | superposition | combining the displacements of two or more waves vectorially to produce a resultant dispalcement. | |
| 796107412 | standing wave | the resultant of two wave trains of the same wavelength, frequency, and amplitude, traveling in opposite directions through the same medium | |
| 796107413 | interference | refers to what happens when two waves pass through the same region of space at the same time | |
| 796107414 | constructive interference | when two standing waves approach each other on the same side of the equilibrium line, collide, separate and continue to move in the same direction as before the collision | |
| 796107415 | destructive interference | when two standing waves approach each other on different sides of the equilibrium line, collide, separate and continue to move in the same direction as before the collision | |
| 796107416 | beat | the interference effect resulting from the superposition of two waves of slightly different frequencies propagating in the same direction. the amplitude of the resultant wave varies with time | |
| 796107417 | node | a point of no disturbance in a standing wave | |
| 796107418 | loop (antinode) | a midpoint of a vibrating segment of a standing wave | |
| 796107419 | resonance | the inducing of vibrations of a natural rate by a vibrating source having the same frequency | |
| 796107420 | fundamental | the lowest frequency of sound produced by an instument | |
| 796107421 | harmonics (overtones) | the fundamental and the tones frequencies are whole number multiplies of the fundamentals | |
| 796107422 | rarefaction | the region of a longitudinal wave in the vibrating partivles are father apart than their equlibrium distance | |
| 796107423 | compression | the region of a longitudinal wave in which the sitance separating the vibrating particles is less than their equilibrium distance | |
| 796107424 | refraction | thet bending of a wave disturbance as it passes obliquely from one medium into another, in which the disturbances has a different velocity | |
| 796652838 | angle of refraction | the angle between the refractured ray and the normal drawn to the point of the refraction | |
| 796652839 | pitch | is the characteristic of sound that depends on the frequency that the ear recieves | |
| 796652840 | loudness | the sensation that depends principally on the intensity of sound waves reaching the ear | |
| 796652841 | quality | the property of sound waves that depends on the number of harmonics and their prominence | |
| 796652842 | law of relection | when a wave disturbance is reflected at the boundary of a transmitting medium, the angle of incident is equal to the angle of reflection | |
| 796652843 | doppler effect | the change observed in the frequency with which a wave from a given source reaches an observer when the source and the observer are in relative motion | |
| 796652844 | production of sound | -compression waves propagate as longitudinal disturbances -the disturbances consist of compression and rarefraction -the particles of the medium acquire energy from the vibrating source and enter the vibrational mode themselves -the wave energy is passed along to adjacent particles as the periodic waves travel through the medium | |
| 796652845 | thermodynamics | the study of quantitative relationships between heat and other forms of energy | |
| 796652846 | system | the part of the entire universe which we have selected for consideration | |
| 796652847 | surroundings (environment) | everything else in the universe | |
| 796652848 | state function | variables used to define the conditions of the system | |
| 796652849 | open system | mass may enter or leave | |
| 796652850 | closed system | no mass may enter or leave | |
| 796652851 | isolated system | if no energy passes across the boundaries | |
| 796652852 | nonisolated system | if energy does pass across the boundaries | |
| 796652853 | exothermic | energy flows out of the system | |
| 796652854 | endothermic | energy flows into the system | |
| 796652855 | internal energy | is the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles of a substance | |
| 796652856 | enthalpy | the internal energy and any energy due to the expansion possibilities of the system | |
| 796652857 | entropy | the property that describes the disorder of a system the internal energy of a system that cannot be converted to mechanical energy | |
| 796652858 | zeroth law of thermodynamics | two systems individually in thermal equilibrium with a third system are in thermal equilibrium with each other | |
| 796652859 | first law of thermodynamics | the quantity of energy supplied to any system in the form of heat is equal to the work done by the system plus the change in internal energy of the system | |
| 796652860 | second law of therodynamics | heat flows naturally from a hot object to a cold object; heat will not flow spontaneously from a cold object to a hot object -no device is possible whose sole effect is to transform a given amount of heat completely into work -the total entropy of any system plus that of its surroundings increases as a result of any natural process | |
| 796652861 | third law of thermodynamics | it is not possible to lower the temperature of any system to absolute zero in a finite number of states, that is absolute zero is unattainable | |
| 796652862 | adiabatic process | a process in which no heat is added to or removed from a system | |
| 796652863 | isobaric process | a process that takes place at a constant pressure |
AP US History Second half Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 775845111 | Sherman Anti- Trust Act | business combinations in restraint of trade are unconstitutional and illegal, problem of enforcement | |
| 775845112 | Plessy V Ferguson and Jim Crow | separate but equal is ruled fair | |
| 775845113 | Booker T Washington | African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality. | |
| 775845114 | Atlanta Compromise | argument put forward by Booker T. Washington that African-americans should not focus on civil rights or social equality but concentrate on economic self-improvement. | |
| 775845115 | Settlement House and Jane Addams | Hull House in Chicago provided education, food, clothing and job training, challenge control by city bosses | |
| 775845116 | Social Gospel | Christian response to poverty is charity, assistance and reform of society, reject atheism of social darwinism | |
| 775845117 | How the Other Half Lives, Riis | -Jacob Riis took a behind the scenes approach and wanted to shock the wealthy public with his nitty gritty exposure -the book showed the dirty conditions factory workers were living in | |
| 775845118 | Anglo-Saxonism, Nativism | belief that , the belief that english culture should and will control the world | |
| 775845119 | New Immigrants in Southeastern Europe | italians, Poles, Czechs, often Roman Catholics | |
| 775845120 | Knights of Labor | skilled, unskilled, men, women, all races Terrance Powderly; Haymarket square link to anarchism | |
| 775845121 | American Federation of Labor | Samuel Gompers, skilled workers only | |
| 775845122 | Bread and Butter Unionism | one big union, capitalist oriented | |
| 775845123 | Populist Party Platform 1892 | alliance movement, direct elections James B Weavor and James G Field | |
| 775845124 | Cross of Gold 1896 | WJB populist ideas; bimetallic standard and the coinage of silver ratio of 16:1 | |
| 775845125 | USS Maine | sunk in Havana Harbor, McKinley asks for a Declaration of War | |
| 775845126 | Yellow Journalism | published atrocity stories in order to boost readership and support SPAM war | |
| 775845127 | US Investments, Wobblie- Willy | invested alot in sugar crops which were burned and McKinley would not take a stand | |
| 775845128 | Alfred Thayer Mahan, Jingoism | Wrote The Influence of Sea Power on History; belief that the US could blow up anything to solve its problems | |
| 775845129 | SP-AM War Treaty of 1899 | Cuba was freed from Spanish rule, Spain gave up Puerto Rico and Island of Guam; US pay Spain 20 mill for Philippienes, US becomes imperal power | |
| 775845130 | Open Door Policy | John Hay, all nations equal access to trade in China, guarenteed China would not be taken over by any foreign power | |
| 775845131 | Social Darwinism | Survival of the fittest for corporations and individuals | |
| 775845132 | Gospel of Wealth | Andrew Carnegie; rich meant to be rich and poor meant to be poor , no charity | |
| 775845133 | Goals of Progressivism | (1) protect social welfare (2) create economic reform (3) promote moral improvement (4) fostering efficiency | |
| 775845134 | Wisconsin Idea | Package of reform ideas advocated by LaFollette that included Initiative, Recall, Referendum | |
| 775845135 | Anthracite Coal Strike | Strike that threatened the country until Roosevelt stepped in and stopped it. John Mitchell | |
| 775845136 | Square Deal | inaugural address of TR ; balance between free enterprise and corporate responcibility | |
| 775845137 | The Jungle, Muckrakers | by Upton Sinclair, wage slavery and conditions in food industry, led to Pure Food and Drug Act; writers who exposed corruption and scandals in business and politics | |
| 775845138 | Gentlemen's Agreement | Restricted japanese immigration to the United States | |
| 775845139 | Hepburn Act | strengthened the ICC, power to set rr rates, burden of proof | |
| 775845140 | WEB Du Boise | criticized Booker T Washington for accepting social and political segregation, demanded social equality | |
| 775845141 | Niagara Movement | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People | |
| 775845142 | Social equality, Talented Tenth | education of blacks | |
| 775845143 | Gun boat Diplomacy | use of military force to achieve diplomatic objectives | |
| 775845144 | Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine | UC would intervene militarily to help pay off European loans and to create new governments that would protect US business investments | |
| 775845145 | Panama Intervention | TR aided a revolt against Columbia in order to establish a gov in Panama that would support the canal | |
| 775845146 | Clayton Anti-Trust Act | restraint of trade; exempted labor and agriculture from anti trust laws, legalized collective bargaining, NO INTERLOCKING DIRECTORATES- barred corporations from buying stocks in competitions | |
| 775845147 | Federal Reserve System | creates 12 federal reserve banks controlling interest rates | |
| 775845148 | Federal Trade Commision | investigate the busines practices of interstate corporations, power to issue cease and desist orders | |
| 775845149 | Underwood-Simmons Tariff | reduced the tariff, 300 consumer goods and raw materials exempted from tariff; graduated income tax | |
| 775845150 | Keating-Owen Act | ban child labor, declared unconstitutional | |
| 775845151 | Missionary Diplomacy | US should spread democracy, promote peace and condemn colonialsim | |
| 775845152 | Zimmerman Note | effort to get MExico and Japan declare war against USA | |
| 775845153 | War Industries Board and cooperation | Plan allocation of raw materials for war effort | |
| 775845154 | Rationing WWI | ration cards for food based on size of family | |
| 775845155 | Wilsons 14 Points, League of Nations | peace plan that was never excepted except for last point which was "league of Nations" but they never did much | |
| 775845156 | Treaty of Versailles | BR- George, Hang the Kaiser; FR- Clemenceau, destroy GR economy, military and claim all GR colonies; US- wilson, 14 points; navy and air force destroyed, GR war guilt clause, all gr colonies lost | |
| 775845157 | Article X | in league of nations that stated we would help any country in need | |
| 775845158 | Palmer Raids, 1st Red Scare | raids against socialists and communists | |
| 775845159 | 18th Amendment | Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages | |
| 775845160 | 19th Amendment | gave women the right to vote | |
| 775845161 | Volstead Act | the means of enforcing Prohibition | |
| 775845162 | flappers | wearing shorter clothing | |
| 775845163 | Scopes Trial | 1925 court case argued by Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan in which the issue of teaching evolution in public schools was debated; Scopes violated the law intentionally, scopes fined 100 dollars (in Tenn) | |
| 775845164 | Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s | rejected Roman Catholics, Jews, and unskilled workers | |
| 775845165 | Sacco- Vanzetti Trial | prejudiced jury sentenced them to death, caused riots around the world, new trial denied | |
| 775845166 | National Origins Act- Quotas | Johnson- Reed, accept a max o two percent of ethnic populaiton in th US, maintains gentlemens agreement | |
| 775845167 | Harlem Renaissance | violence from KKK and economic opportunities caused masses to move north, population swelled, Jazz age | |
| 775845168 | Marcus Garvey, Back to Africa | wanted blacks to move to Liberia in Africa | |
| 775845169 | Assembly Line, Model T | caused more industries and jobs, first assembly line | |
| 775845170 | Sec. Tres. Andrew Mellon | believed in Associationism and trickle down economics | |
| 775845171 | Associationism, Trickle Down | between business wants and needs; tax the rich and let the economy trickle down | |
| 775845172 | Isolationism, Dawes and Young Plan | loan money to Germany, they give it to allies, and the allies give it back to the US | |
| 775845173 | Washington Naval Conference | Fears that Japan is spending 1/3 of budget on naval warships | |
| 775845174 | Naval Disarment | Us scrap 20 battle ships, BR 19, and JP 17 | |
| 775845175 | Kellogg-Briand Pact | Try to out law war | |
| 775845176 | Distribution of Wealth | many buying on credit/installment plan, uneven distribution of wealth cause of the great depression | |
| 775845177 | Agricultural Depression | post WWI-demand drops due to international competition | |
| 775845178 | Buying on a Margin | making a small down payment and using a loan for the rest of the purchase | |
| 775845179 | Multiplier Effect | mesaures economic success, if houses or car sales decline so will businesses that sell parts for them | |
| 775845180 | Rugged Individualism | role of gov is to insure equal opportunity, no laissez- faire, balanced budget and trickle down HOOVER | |
| 775845181 | Hoovervilles | shanty-towns that housed many who had lost everything. | |
| 775845182 | Reconstruction Finance Corporation | Congress set up $2 billion. It made loans to major economic institutions such as banks, insurance companies and railroads. | |
| 775845183 | Hawley Smoot Tariff | highest in US History, collaspe of Europe | |
| 775845184 | Bonus Expeditionary Force | army men who demanded their money now but Hoover denied and 1/2 payment also vetoed, Hoover ordered them to be evicted | |
| 775845185 | FDR, Hundred Days | FDR's first 100 days in office where he created multiple Alphabet Agencies and measures to try and end the Great Depression | |
| 775845186 | National Industrial Recovery Act | organized the NRA, businesses asked to follow blanket codes to regulate wages hours and prices, blue eagle symbol of voluntary, protected right of workers to organize and collective bargaining | |
| 775845187 | TVA | socialism of hydro electric dams in Tennessee Valley, Norris's idea adopted by FDR | |
| 775845188 | AAA | Agricultural Adjustment Act, paid money to kill crops and animals | |
| 775845189 | CCC | Civilian Conservation Corps, created jobs for 18-25 year old men | |
| 775845190 | WPA | Works Progress Administration, employed workers fast, increase consumer purchasing power | |
| 775845191 | Wagner Act, collective bargaining | allowed workers to organize and collective bargaining | |
| 775845192 | US v Butler | found the AAA unconstitutional | |
| 775845193 | Schecter Poultry V USA | ruled wagner act unconstitutional | |
| 775845194 | Fair Labor Standards Act | establised min and max wages and hrs | |
| 775845195 | Social Security | unemployment compensation for workers, disabled workers, widows, orphans and siabled children and the elderly | |
| 775845196 | Court Packing Plan | FDR tried to increase number of democratic judges on supreme court so plans would not be ruled unconstitutional | |
| 775845197 | Dust Bowl | period of no rain | |
| 775845198 | Good Neighbor Policy | pledge of non intervention in latin america | |
| 775845199 | America First, Isolationism | if war was present, prohibit of arms loans or credit to other nations | |
| 775845200 | cash and carry | pay cash when goods are picked up | |
| 775845201 | Hoover- Stimson Doctrine | would not recognize the land that Japan conqured in Manchuria | |
| 775845202 | Invasion of Manchuria | FDR refused to aid China and freezes assets and oil embargo against JP | |
| 775845203 | Neutrality Act 1939 | in responce to GR invasion of Poland- us could sell weapons to european democracies on cash and carry basis | |
| 775845204 | Arsenal for Democracy | we will give weaopons if you have a democracy | |
| 775845205 | Pearl Harbor | Dec. 7th, 1941 Japan bombs us; declare war on Japan Dec. 8th, Dec. 11th GR delcares war on the US | |
| 775845206 | Mobilization and Women | women take up male jobs while they are at war | |
| 775845207 | Operation Torch | Invade North Africa | |
| 775845208 | Operation Overlord | invade France | |
| 775845209 | Yalta | FDR, Churchill, and Stalin- democratic elections in poland and EE, USSR delcare war on JP in 90 days, occupation of GR and city of berlin, UN security Council | |
| 775845210 | Potsdam Conference | Stalin, Truman, Atlee (BR), USSR delcare war on JP, Stalin demands Poland, JP unconditional surrender, alamgordo test | |
| 775845211 | Battle of the Bulge, Stalingrad | Kennans Soviet Policy, free Europe or no Lend Lease, FDR/Marshall- A bomb, rockets, we need Russia; Stalemate between GR and USSR | |
| 775845212 | Casablanca Conference, | Stalingrad Stalemate, anger by stalin, invasion of Sicily and Itlay planned, reassure stalin only unvonditional surrender of GR | |
| 775845213 | Midway, Iwo Jima, Okinawa | stop Japanese to Hawail, two major Japanese islands | |
| 775845214 | Atomic Bomb Reasons | to win war unconditionally and to show Russia that we are not afraid to use it | |
| 775845215 | Long Telegram | a telegram sent from George Kennan to the USSR outlining the policy of containment | |
| 775845216 | Truman Doctrine | First established in 1947 after Britain no longer could afford to provide anti-communist aid to Greece and Turkey, it pledged to provide U.S. military and economic aid to any nation threatened by communism. | |
| 775845217 | Containment Policy | contain communism in one area until it implodes | |
| 775845218 | Marshall Plan | a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952) | |
| 775845219 | Second Red Scare, McCarthyism | downfall; accuses military of being communists | |
| 775845220 | Fall of China, Chaing V Mao | Chiang flees to formosa | |
| 775845221 | USSR Nukes 1949 | Atomic Bomb, massive military build up | |
| 775845222 | Korean War | NK invades SK at the 38th parallel, UN helps us and SK, McCarther goes beyond 38th parallel | |
| 775845223 | Taft Hartley Act | Act that provides balance of power between union and management by designating certain union activities as unfair labor practices | |
| 775845224 | Demobilization, Inflation Consumer demand and savings | government spending 1/4 of GNP | |
| 775845225 | GI Bill of Rights | provide free college education for the military | |
| 775845226 | Dixiecrats, Election of 1948 | party of Thermund, states rights, only four states voted for him | |
| 775845227 | New Look, Brinksmanship | Defense policy, the ability to be on the verge of war without actually going to war. Dulles came up with it | |
| 775845228 | CIA in Guatemala, Iran | CIA backed dictatorship of the Shah of Iran | |
| 775845229 | Sputnik | The world's first space satellite. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the US. | |
| 775845230 | Brown V Board of Education | Court found that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection clause "separate but equal" has no place | |
| 775845231 | MLK Jr, SCLC, Bus Boycott | MLK Jr, made the SCLC, Montgomery Bus Boycott | |
| 775845232 | Ike's Farewell Address | warned of too much military spending | |
| 775845233 | Military- Industrial Complex | Eisenhower's term for the close ties between the defense industry and the Pentagon that might influence government policy. | |
| 775845234 | Betty Friedan, Feminine Mystique | denounced the "housewife trap" which caused educated women to hold even themselves inferior to men | |
| 775845235 | The Affluent Society, sururbanization | by JK Galbraith, materialsm, greedmass comsuption of consumer goods will lead to social decay | |
| 775845236 | Interstate Highways Act | 1944 - Began federal funding for an interstate highway system | |
| 775845237 | Jonas Salk and polio | found the vaccine but did not paton it | |
| 775845238 | Bay of Pigs | fear of appearing weak, belief in CIA and military power, JFK allows initial bombing, no follow up invaions | |
| 775845239 | Second Berlin Crisis | May 1959, US has six months to get out of Berlin or there will be war. Eventually, Khruschev meets with Eisenhower and they agree to a summit conference. | |
| 775845240 | Cuban Missle Crisis | U2 spy planes reveal soviet troops and missles in Cuba; Krush says he will move missles if there is no invasion, and their missles for the US missles | |
| 775845241 | Warren Commission | The U.S. commission in charge with investigating the assassination of JFK. It came to the conclusion that Oswald was alone in his actions and advised to reform presidential security measures. "magic bullet" | |
| 775845242 | Greensboro and Nashville Sit-ins | SNCC and other groups fought to integrate downtown lunch counters by staging sit-ins; they sat quietly ans were refused service...they continued to sit peacefully and were beaten and arrested | |
| 775845243 | Elija Mohammad, Black Muslim Movement | believe they are the superior race | |
| 775845244 | Stokley Carmichael, SNCC | removed all the whites out of the SNCC | |
| 775845245 | Gulf of Tonkin Incident | an alleged attack by N. Vietnamese Navy on US destroyers which led Pres. Johnson to order a direct bombing attack on North Vietnam(most historians now believe there was no attack) | |
| 775845246 | TET offensive | a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968. | |
| 775845247 | Anti-War Movement, Student Unrest | US not happy about TET offensive techniques | |
| 775845248 | American Indian Movement, ALcatraz | American Indains formed AIM and fought to regain land that thad been taken from their ancestors by the govt... AIM occupied Alcatraz and offered to buy it with some beads and cloth (early settlers bought Manhattan Island from the local Indians with beads and cloth) | |
| 775845249 | Women's Rights Movement= title IX | equal pay for equal work, no discrimination | |
| 775845250 | United Farm Workers Union, Cesar Chavez | lead Mexican migration to CA, borrows techniques of Civil Rights movement | |
| 775845251 | Democratic Party convention, Chicago Riot | Hurts the party while Nixon appeals to the Silent Majority | |
| 775845252 | Democratic division over Vietnam | continue war | |
| 775845253 | Nixon's Silent Majority, Comeback 1968 | appeals to the silent majority, promises law and order nation, limit great society programs, and civil rights laws | |
| 775845254 | Vietnamization | policy of equipping and training of the South Vietnamese to fight for themselves | |
| 775845255 | Invasion of Cambodia, Kent State | denies that we invaded, college protests and kent state killings | |
| 775845256 | Dentente and Nixons Trips | policy of US government to relax tensions with communist countries, visits China and USSR to try to get them to cut off aid to Vietnam | |
| 775845257 | Recognition of china | Nixon established a trade policy and recognized the People's Republic of China, which surprised many because China had been an enemy during the Korean and Vietnam Wars. | |
| 775845258 | SALT I, Linkage | freezes ICBM, limits ABM, fails to address MIRV; cut off aid to Vietnam by peace with USSR and China | |
| 775845259 | Watergate, Smoking Gun, Ford's Pardon | Nixon ordered illegal wiretaps and breakins; the tape that revealed the watergate cover up; Ford pardons him because we need to get over Vietnam and Watergate | |
| 775845260 | Arab Oil Embargo, Energy Crisis | quadrupled prices, chain reaction to fall in other prices, lead to inflation | |
| 775845261 | Camp David Accords | Israel with drew from the Sinai Peninsula, and Egypt recognized Israel's right to exist | |
| 775845262 | Reagan Revolution and the New Right 1980 | Said he has had enough and would get rid of hostage situation | |
| 775845263 | Iran- Contra Scandal | Reagan still paid Contras in Nicuragua even though the Boland Amendment said it was illegal | |
| 775845264 | Military Spending, End of the cold War | SDI (star wars) collaspe of USSR | |
| 775845265 | First Persian Gulf War- Multilateralism | Iraq invaded Kuwait, quick military victory by UN and Bush in Operation Desert Storm | |
| 775845266 | Sevice Economy | destruction of blue and white collar jobs lead to rise of service based economy which leads to collaspe in tax revenue and les money to spend on social secutiry and health care | |
| 775845267 | NAFTA and GATT, Globalization | eliminates trade barriers between Mexico, US and Canada; General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade- global reduction of tariff barriers dramaticaly expands globalization of trade | |
| 775845268 | Domestic Terrorism- Oklahoma city | bombing | |
| 775845269 | International Terrorism | 9/11 and pentagon | |
| 775845270 | World Trade Center and Pentagon | attacked by terrorists | |
| 775845271 | Second Persian Gulf War | 1990-1991. Iraq invaded and annexed Kuwait (oil money) in 1990. Attempt to gain dominant position in Persian Gulf. '91 US led international coalition with UNSC . Victory was swift. | |
| 775845272 | Afghanistan- AlQaeda and Sept. 11 | under Taliban, wants to remove US from Saudia Arabia and attacks us on 9/11 | |
| 775845273 | Iraq and WMD- Unilateralism | Sunni and Shiite civil war, we are last ones left |
AP US History final exam Flashcards
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| 797087139 | Miranda vs Arizona | the supreme court case in which the court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police. | |
| 797087140 | Jimmy Carter | i'll never lie to american people | |
| 797087141 | Bay of Pigs | 1961- Kennedy's first crisis | |
| 797087142 | Malcolm X | rejected his slave name | |
| 797087143 | Gerald Ford | The president no one voted for for president | |
| 797087144 | Reaganomics | Trickle down economics- tax cuts on rich | |
| 797087145 | Voting Rights Act of 1965 | a law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African Americans were registered and the number of African American elected officials increased dramatically. | |
| 797087146 | War Powers Act | limits use of troops overseas without congressional approval. | |
| 797087147 | Southern Christian Leadership Conference | An organization founded by MLK Jr., to direct the crusade against segregation. Its weapon was passive resistance that stressed nonviolence and love, and its tactic direct, though peaceful, confrontation. | |
| 797087148 | Tet Offensive | 1968; National Liberation Front and North Vietnamese forces launched a huge attack on the Vietnamese New Year (Tet), which was defeated after a month of fighting and many thousands of casualties; major defeat for communism, but Americans reacted sharply, with declining approval of LBJ and more anti-war sentiment. | |
| 797087149 | Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962 OCt. the closest we have come to being nuked | |
| 797087150 | George Wallace | segregationist in 68 election | |
| 797087151 | Roe vs. Wade | the U.S. supreme Court ruled that there is a fundamental right ro privacy, which includes a woman's decision to have an abortion. Up until the third trimester the state allows abortion. | |
| 797087152 | hippies | countercultural kids of 1960s | |
| 797087153 | Equal Rights Amendment | It got 35 of 38 needed states for ratification | |
| 797087154 | SNCC | (Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee)-a group established in 1960 to promote and use non-violent means to protest racial discrimination; they were the ones primarily responsible for creating the sit-in movement. | |
| 797087155 | John F. Kennedy | President during part of the cold war and especially during the superpower rivalry and the cuban missile crisis. He was the president who went on tv and told the public about the crisis and allowed the leader of the soviet uinon to withdraw their missiles. Other events, which were during his terms was the building of the berlin wall, the space race, and early events of the Vietnamese war. | |
| 797087156 | Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | Gave Johnson a blank check in Vietnam | |
| 797087157 | Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989,"Great Communicator" Republican, conservative economic policies, replaced liberal Democrats in upper house with consevative Democrats or "boll weevils" , at reelection time, jesse jackson first black presdiential candidate, Geraldine Ferraro as VP running mate (first woman) | |
| 797087158 | Martin Luther King Jr. | Was assassinated in 1968 in Tennessee | |
| 797087159 | Gideon vs. Wainwright | the 1963 decision holding that anyone accused of a felony where imprisonment may be imposed, however poor he/she might be, has a right to a lawyer. | |
| 797087160 | Great Society | President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education. | |
| 797087161 | Lee Harvey Oswald | On November 22, 1963, he assassinated President Kennedy who was riding downtown Dallas, Texas. Oswald was later shot in front of television cameras by Jack Ruby. | |
| 797087162 | Camp David Accords | peace between israel and egypt | |
| 797087163 | affirmative action | programs intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities. | |
| 797087164 | Civil Rights Act 1964 | This act made racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers illegal and gave the government the power to enforce all laws governing civil rights, including desegregation of schools and public places. | |
| 797087165 | Lyndon Johnson | 36th president; signed the civil rights act of 1964 into law and the voting rights act of 1965. he had a war on poverty in his agenda. in an attempt to win, he set a few goals, including the great society, the economic opportunity act, and other programs that provided food stamps and welfare to needy famillies. he also created a department of housing and urban development. his most important legislation was probably medicare and medicaid. | |
| 797087166 | Kent State | where 13 students were shot, 4 killed in 1970 | |
| 797087167 | Black Panthers | believers in right to bear arms in civil rights struggle. | |
| 797087168 | Bakke v board of regents | US court case in which Bakke was denied to University of California Medical School twice to people less qualified based on race. Case determined that affirmative action is legal as long as filling quotas is not used. | |
| 797087169 | Japanese interment | refers to the forcible relocation and internment of approximately 110,000 Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans to housing facilities called "War Relocation Camps", in the wake of Imperial Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. Upheld by Korematsu v. US. | |
| 797087170 | Greensboro sit-ins | Black students politely order food from restaurant, not served, sat in place for days, gathering supporters. Successful. Started in the 1960's at a Woolworth's lunch counter. | |
| 797087171 | Julius and Ethel Rosenberg | Arrested in the Summer of 1950 and executed in 1953, they were convicted of conspiring to commit espionage by passing plans for the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. Were executed for selling A-bomb secrets. | |
| 797087172 | U-2 incident | The incident when an American U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. The U.S. denied the true purpose of the plane at first, but was forced to when the U.S.S.R. produced the living pilot and the largely intact plane to validate their claim of being spied on aerially. The incident worsened East-West relations during the Cold War and was a great embarrassment for the United States. A US spy plane was shot down in 1960. | |
| 797087173 | Alger Hiss | A former State Department official who was accused of being a Communist spy and was convicted of perjury. The case was prosecuted by Richard Nixon. Was accused by Chambers of being a state dept. communist agent. | |
| 797087174 | Henry Wallace | A former Democratic who ran on the New Progressive Party due to his disagreement on Truman's policy with the Soviets. He caused the Democratic party to split even more during the election season. | |
| 797087175 | baby boomers | The 78 million people born during the baby boom, following World War II and lasting until the early 1960s. | |
| 797087176 | Little Rock school crisis | (1957) when segregation became illegal, AK's Govrnr Faubus sent the Arkansas Nat'l Guard to prevent 9 African-Ame. students from entering Little Rock Central High School. in response, Eisenhower sent in U.S. paratroopers to ensure the students could attend class. | |
| 797087177 | GI Bill of Rights | Law Passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher education. Gave veterans education rights after WWII. | |
| 797087178 | Jackie Robinson | The first African American player in the major league of baseball. His actions helped to bring about other opportunities for African Americans. Was the 1st Black pro baseball player 1947. | |
| 797087179 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) | Established in 1958 as the government agency responsible for the United States of America's space program and long-term general aerospace research. a civilian organization, it conducts or oversees research into both civilian and military aerospace systems. | |
| 797087180 | Montgomery bus boycott | In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal. Was led by ML King jr. to not ride the bus. | |
| 797087181 | McCarthyism | The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee. A shameful time in the 50's of falsely accusing people of communist ties. | |
| 797087182 | Harry Truman | President of the US after Roosevelt's death; approved the use of the atomic bomb against Japan. | |
| 797087183 | Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology. Says the US will fight any NEW communist nations. | |
| 797087184 | Douglas MacArthur | United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II. Was fired for wanting to nuke China 1951. | |
| 797087185 | Sputnik | First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race. The 1st manmade satellite 1957. | |
| 797087186 | beat generation | The generation of writers who rebelled against American Culture for its conformity, blind faith in technology, and materialism. 50's protestors of conformity- poets. | |
| 797087187 | Eisenhower Doctrine | Eisenhower proposed and obtained a joint resolution from Congress authorizing the use of U.S. military forces to intervene in any country that appeared likely to fall to communism. Used in the Middle East. Said we would aid any Mid-East Nation threatened by communism. | |
| 797087188 | New Frontier | The campaign program advocated by JFK in the 1960 election. He promised to revitalize the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights. Kennedy's name for his policies. | |
| 797087189 | Dixiecrats | southern Democrats who opposed Truman's position on civil rights. They caused a split in the Democratic party. 1948 southern democrats against civl rts. | |
| 797087190 | Brown vs Board of Education | 1954- court decision that declared state laws segregating schools to be unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | |
| 797087191 | Fair Deal | Truman's extension of the New Deal that increased min wage, expanded Social Security, and constructed low-income housing. Truman's name for his policies. | |
| 797087192 | containment | American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world. George Kennan's policyof stopping Soviet expansion. | |
| 797087193 | United Nations | International organization founded in 1945 to promote world peace and cooperation. It replaced the League of Nations. Can send in troops if requested for peacekeeping issues. | |
| 797087194 | George Kennan | He was an American diplomat and ambassador best known as "the father of containment" and as a key figure in the emergence of the Cold War. | |
| 797087195 | Korean War | The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea. | |
| 797087196 | NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries. Was created to mutually defend W. Europe. | |
| 797087197 | dynamic conservatism | Eisenhower's philosophy of being liberal in all things human and being conservative with all things fiscal. Appealed to both Republicans and Democrats. | |
| 797087198 | Berlin Airlift | Joint effort by the US and Britian to fly food and supplies into W Berlin after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city | |
| 797087199 | Harlem Renaissance | a flowering of African American culture in the 1920s; instilled interest in African American culture and pride in being an African American. | |
| 797087200 | 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st amendments | 18th- prohibition; 19th- women can vote; 20th- move presidential election from March 4th to January 20th( lame duck); 21st- you can drink again. | |
| 797087201 | Hoovervilles | camps built outside of major cities by people who had lost their homes during the great depression called Hoovervilles because the people blamed Pres. Hoover for their situation. | |
| 797087202 | "Back to Africa movement" | Encouraged those of African decent to return to Africa to their ancestors so that they could have their own empire because they were treated poorly in America. | |
| 797087203 | Palmer Raids | A 1920 operation coordinated by Attorney General Mitchel Palmer in which federal marshals raided the homes of suspected radicals and the headquarters of radical organization in 32 cities | |
| 797087204 | Warren G. Harding | President after World War I who promised to return the US to normalism. | |
| 797087205 | Lend-Lease Act | allowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the U.S. | |
| 797087206 | court packing scheme | FDR's plan to "pack" the Supreme Court with supporters to keep his New Deal programs from being declared unconstitutional. | |
| 797087207 | flappers | Young women who rebelled against traditional ways of thinking and acting; young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion. | |
| 797087208 | NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination, to oppose racism and to gain civil rights for African Americans, got Supreme Court to declare grandfather clause unconstitutional | |
| 797087209 | Schenck vs. US | A 1919 decision upholidng the conviction of a socialist who had urged young men to resist the draft during WW1. Justice holmes declared that gov't can limit speech if the speech provokes a "clear and present danger" of substantive evils. | |
| 797087210 | Sacco and Vanzetti | were two Italian born American laborers and anarchists who were tried convicted and executed via electrocution on Aug 3 1927 in Ma for the 1920 armed robbery. it is believed they had nothing to do with the crime. | |
| 797087211 | TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) | Built dams to control flooding,generate hydroelectrical power, and boost agricultural production, in theTennessee Valley region. Provided jobs, homes, and reforestation. it still exists | |
| 797087212 | Henry Ford | United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947) | |
| 797087213 | Hundred Days | the special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days. | |
| 797087214 | New Deal | The historic period (1933-1940) in the U.S. during which President Franklin Roosevelt's economic policies were implemented. | |
| 797087215 | Calvin Coolidge | Became president when Harding died of pneumonia. He was known for practicing a rigid economy in money and words, and acquired the name "Silent Cal" for being so soft-spoken. He was a true republican and industrialist. Believed in the government supporting big business. | |
| 797087216 | Social Security Act | Guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health. | |
| 797087217 | cash and carry | policy adopted by the United States in 1939 to preserve neutrality while aiding the Allies. Britain and France could buy goods from the United States if they paid in full and transported them. | |
| 797087218 | Ku Klux Klan | A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their Civil Rights; resurged again in the 1920's. | |
| 797087219 | Scottsboro boys | Nine young black men between the ages of 13 to 19 were accused of raping two white women by the names of Victoria Price and Ruby Bates. All of the young men were charged and convicted of rape by white juries, despite the weak and contradictory testimonies of the witnesses | |
| 797087220 | Scopes trial | 1925 court case argued by Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan in which the issue of teaching evolution in public schools was debated | |
| 797087221 | Herbert Hoover | President of the U.S from 1923-1933 leader of the US in the beginning of the Great Depression. He didn't want the gov involved in the peoples lives and thought that the people should express their individual rights. | |
| 797087222 | Marcus Garvey | Founder of United Negro Improvement Association; promoted resettlement of American blacks to own "African homeland", sponsored stores & businesses to keep money in blacks' pockets; inspiration for Nation of Islam. | |
| 797087223 | brain trust | Group of expert policy advisers who worked with FDR in the 1930s to end the great depression | |
| 797087224 | Franklin Roosevelt | The 32nd president of the United States. He was president from 1933 until his death in 1945 during both the Great Depression and World War II. He is the only president to have been elected 4 times, a feat no longer permissible due to the 22nd Amendment to the Constitution. | |
| 797087225 | bank holiday | Closing of banks for four days during the Great Depression. | |
| 797087226 | Margaret Sanger | American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood. | |
| 797087227 | Prohibition | The period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment. | |
| 797087228 | FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A federal guarantee of savings bank deposits initially of up to $2500, raised to $5000 in 1934, and frequently thereafter; continues today with a limit of $100,000 | |
| 797087229 | Treaty of Versailles | Created by the leaders victorious allies Nations: France, Britain, US, and signed by Germany to help stop WWI. The treaty 1)stripped Germany of all Army, Navy, Airforce. 2) Germany had to repair war damages(33 billion) 3) Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing WWI 4) Germany could not manefacture any weapons. | |
| 797087230 | League of Nations | an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations; although suggested by Woodrow Wilson, the United States never joined and it remained powerless; it was dissolved in 1946 after the United Nations was formed | |
| 797087231 | muckrakers | This term applies to newspaper reporters and other writers who pointed out the social problems of the era of big business. The term was first given to them by Theodore Roosevelt. | |
| 797087232 | Open Door Policy | A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. | |
| 797087233 | Fourteen Points | the war aims outlined by President Wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace; called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations | |
| 797087234 | 16th, 17th amendments | 1913 - 16th Amendment authorized Congress to levy an income tax. 1913 - 17th Amendment gave the power to elect senators to the people. Senators had previously been appointed by the legislatures of their states. | |
| 797087235 | Upton Sinclair (The Jungle) | The author who wrote a book about the horrors of food productions in 1906, the bad quality of meat and the dangerous working conditions. | |
| 797087236 | Sussex/Arabic Pledges | pledges by the Germans before US entrance into WWI to stop using submarine warfare against US ships and to pledge not to destroy any more American citizens, in time they violated these pledges 7: 1934-1941 | |
| 797087237 | Zimmerman Note (Telegram) | 1917 From the German foreign secretary to the German minister in Mexico. Offer to recover Texas and Arizona for Mexico if it would fight the US. Got US into war. | |
| 797087238 | Bull Moose Party | nickname for the new Progressive Party, which was formed to support Roosevelt in the election of 1912 | |
| 797087239 | Panama Canal | The United States built the Panama Canal to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. It cost $400,000,000 to build. Columbians would not let Americans build the canal, but then with the assistance of the United States a Panamanian Revolution occurred. The new ruling people allowed the United States to build the canal. | |
| 797087240 | Federal Reserve System | The system created by Congress in 1913 to establish banking practices and regulate currency in circulation and the amount of credit available. It consists of 12 regional banks supervised by the Board of Governors. Often called simply the Fed. | |
| 797087241 | Dollar Diplomacy | Term used to describe the efforts of the US to further its foreign policy through use of economic power by gaurenteeing loans to foreign countries | |
| 797087242 | W.E.B. DuBois (Niagara movement) | DuBois attacked segregation and advocated full university education for blacks, him and his supporters led the Niagara movement and founded the NAACP to fight for black civil rights | |
| 797087243 | Theodore Roosevelt | 26th President of the United States, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War | |
| 797087244 | Gentlemen's Agreement | Agreement when Japan agreed to curb the number of workers coming to the US and in exchange Roosevelt agreed to allow the wives of the Japenese men already living in the US to join them | |
| 797087245 | "Birth of a Nation"/D.W. Griffith | ... | |
| 797087246 | Emilio Aguinaldo | Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901 | |
| 797087247 | Woodrow Wilson | 28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize | |
| 797087248 | Progressive movement | (1901 -1917Formed by Midwestern Farmers, Socialists, and Labor Organizers -attacked monopolies, and wanted other reforms, such as bimetallism, transportation regulation, the 8-hour work day, and income tax | |
| 797087249 | Big Stick Policy | Roosevelt's philosophy - In international affairs, ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them. Threaten to use force, act as international policemen | |
| 797087250 | Roosevelt Corollary | Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force | |
| 797087251 | New Nationalism | Theodore Roosevelt's program in his campaign for the presidency in 1912, the New Nationalism called for a national approach to the country's affairs and a strong president to deal with them. It also called for efficiency in government and society; it urged protection of children, women, and workers; accepted "good" trusts; and exalted the expert and the executive. Additionally, it encouraged large concentrations of capital and labor. | |
| 797087252 | Pure Food and Drug Act | Forbade the manufacture or sale of mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs, it gave the government broad powers to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to abolish the "patent" drug trade. Still in existence as the FDA. | |
| 797087253 | New Freedom | Woodrow Wilson's domestic policy that, promoted antitrust modification, tariff revision, and reform in banking and currency matters. | |
| 797087254 | Great White Fleet | 1907-1909 - Roosevelt sent the Navy on a world tour to show the world the U.S. naval power. Also to pressure Japan into the "Gentlemen's Agreement." | |
| 797087255 | Jacob Riis | Early 1900's muckraker who exposed social and political evils in the U.S. with his novel "How The Other Half Lives"; exposed the poor conditions of the poor tenements in NYC and Hell's Kitchen | |
| 797087256 | robert lafollette | Republican Senator from Wisconsin - ran for president under the Progressive Party - proponent of Progressivism and a vocal opponent of railroad trusts, bossism, World War I, and the League of Nations | |
| 797087257 | luisitania | British passanger ship that was torpedoed by a German U-boat in 1915; 1200 people died and 128 Americans died. | |
| 797087258 | john pershing | Commander of American Expeditionary Force of over 1 million troops who insisted his soldiers fight as independent units so US would have independent role in shaping the peace |
Honors US History 2nd Semester Review Flashcards
These review cards were made to review for Mr. OC's 2nd Semester Honors US History Class
Terms : Hide Images
| 796073973 | Constitutional amendments passed during the progressive era. | 16 income tax, 17 direct election, 18 Prohibition, and 19 Women's suffrage | |
| 796073974 | Purpose of initiatives, referendums, and recall elections during progressive era | to increase political participation by citizens | |
| 796073975 | Goal of Progressives | Keep capitalism, yet, make it more stable, safer, and better for everyone | |
| 796073976 | Imperialism | policy in which stronger nations extend their control over weaker territories | |
| 796073977 | anti-imperialist | Point of view in opposition to the expansionist tendencies inspired by the success of the Spanish American War; anti-imperialist groups argued that acquisition of other territories would undermine democracy and the traditional American principles of isolationism and self-government, and united in 1899 as the American Anti-Imperialist League. | |
| 796073978 | Schenck v United States | Supreme court decides that any actions taken that present a "clear and present danger" to the public or government isn't allowed, this can limit free speech | |
| 796073979 | Great Migration | Movement of African Americans from the south to the north because of racial discrimination and job opportunities. | |
| 796080251 | League of Nations | an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations. The United States never joined because of fear of being drawn into European conflicts. | |
| 796104769 | Treaty of Versailles | Ended World War I and led to World War II. Punished Germany by including war reparations and the war guilt clause. | |
| 796104770 | Isolationism | a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs. United States foreign policy from World War I to World War II. | |
| 796104771 | Why are 1920s called the Roaring 20s? | Because of the widespread social and economic change occuring | |
| 796104772 | Consumerism | the steady acquisition of material possessions, often with the belief that happiness and fulfillment can thus be achieved. 1920s and 1950s credit culture | |
| 796104773 | Two views on Prohibition | Prohibition was a progressive idea that raised the moral standard of all Americans. Prohibition was also an attempt by native white Anglo-Saxons Americans to control the immigrant population. | |
| 796104774 | First Red Scarce | a wave of panic from fear of a communist revolution in the 1920s. Led to the suppression of civil liberties of some Americans best seen in the Sacco Vanzetti case. | |
| 796104775 | Scopes Trial | 1925, the trial that pitted the teaching of Darwin's theory of evolution against teaching Bible creationism. Demonstrates the clash of old vs new ideas during the 1920s | |
| 796104776 | Flappers | young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion. Demonstrated the clash between new and old ideas during the 1920s. | |
| 796104777 | New Deal | Franklin Roosevelt response to the Great Depression. Changed american's perspective on the role government plays. | |
| 796104778 | Herbert Hoover | President from 1929 to 1933, called on businesses to help solve the situation rather than the government. Americans felt he did little to help them. | |
| 796104779 | Social Security | federal program of disability and retirement benefits that covers most working people. Changed how Americans viewed the role of government. | |
| 796104780 | Pearl Harbor | United States military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the United States into World War II. Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941. | |
| 796104781 | Marshall Plan | a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe after World War II | |
| 796104782 | Major cause of Japanese internment in the US during World War II | racial prejudices (think of the cartoons we saw in class) | |
| 796104783 | United Nation | international organization established to provide diplomatic options for conflicts between nations | |
| 796104784 | McCarthyism | became a synonym for public charges of disloyalty without sufficient regard for evidence during the second red scare of the 1950s. | |
| 796104785 | Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology | |
| 796136299 | Martin Luther King's philosophy on civil rights | civil disobedience | |
| 796136300 | Malcolm X's philosophy on civil rights | Black Nationalsim and any means necessary | |
| 796136301 | Plessy vs Ferguson | separate but equal facilities is constitutional | |
| 796136302 | Brown vs the Board of Education | separate but equal facilities is unconstitutional |
SAT Latin Prefixes, Suffixes, and Roots Flashcards
Get ready for the SAT by studying Latin prefixes, suffixes and roots!
Terms : Hide Images
| 630256359 | a | not | |
| 630256360 | ab | away from | |
| 630256361 | ad, ac, ag, at | to, against | |
| 630256362 | an | without | |
| 630256363 | ante | before | |
| 630256364 | anti, ant | against | |
| 630256365 | bene | well | |
| 630256366 | bi | two | |
| 630256367 | circum | around | |
| 630256368 | com, con col | together | |
| 630256369 | contra | against | |
| 630256370 | de | from, down | |
| 630256371 | dis, di | apart, away | |
| 630256372 | dom | home, rule | |
| 630256373 | ex, e | out, from | |
| 630256374 | extra | beyond, outside | |
| 630256375 | in, im, ir, il, un | not | |
| 630256376 | inter | between | |
| 630256377 | intra, intro | within | |
| 630256378 | mal | bad | |
| 630256379 | mis | wrong | |
| 630256380 | non | not | |
| 630256381 | ob | against | |
| 630256382 | omni | all | |
| 630256383 | per | through | |
| 630256384 | peri | around,about | |
| 630256385 | poly | many | |
| 630256386 | post | after | |
| 630256387 | pre | before | |
| 630256388 | pro | forward, for | |
| 630256389 | re | again back | |
| 630256390 | se | apart, away | |
| 630256391 | semi | half | |
| 630256392 | sub | under | |
| 630256393 | super | above | |
| 630256394 | sur | on, upon | |
| 630256395 | syn, sym | together, with | |
| 630256396 | trans | across, beyond | |
| 630256397 | un | not | |
| 736719203 | able, ible | capable of | |
| 736719204 | age | place, thing, idea | |
| 736719205 | al | pertaining to | |
| 736719206 | ance | relating to | |
| 736719207 | ary | relating to | |
| 736719208 | ate | an action of | |
| 736719209 | cy | the quality of | |
| 736719210 | ed | past action | |
| 736719211 | ence | relating to | |
| 736719212 | er, or | one who | |
| 736719213 | ic | pertaining to | |
| 736719214 | ing | present afction | |
| 736719215 | ion | the act of state of | |
| 736719216 | ious | full of | |
| 736719217 | ive | having the quality of | |
| 736719218 | ize | to make | |
| 736719219 | ly | to do with the quality of | |
| 736719220 | ment | the result of | |
| 736719221 | ness | the quality of being | |
| 736719222 | ty | condition of being |
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