| 55491809 | What are the signs of early shock? | faster than normal breathing- over 30 breaths per minute, faster than normal resting heart rate, pale gums, restlessness or anxiety, lethargy or weakness, slow capillary refill time- more than 2 seconds, normal or below normal rectal temperature | |
| 55491810 | What are the signs of late shock? | shallow slow breathing, irregular heartbeat, very pale or blue gums, lack of response, extreme weakness or unconsciousness, very slow capillary refill - more than 4 seconds, body temperature below 98 degrees F | |
| 55491811 | What are some causes of shock | Bleeding, heart failure, vomiting, diarrhea, electrocution, severe trauma, twisted stomach, insect or animal bites, diabetes, poisons, illness, injuries, and accidents | |
| 55491812 | How do you place a dog in shock? | on its side with head extended and elevate the hindquarters | |
| 55491813 | How do you slow down the effects of shock | Keep the dog warm, give CPR if necessary, stop bleeding, position properly | |
| 55491814 | How do you monitor a dog's breathing? | Count how many times it breathes out in 20 seconds then multiply by 3 | |
| 55491815 | What is the normal breathing rate for a resting dog? | 10-30 times a minute | |
| 55491816 | Name where you can check for a pulse on the front half of the dog? | Behind the elbow |  |
| 55491817 | How do you check the gums for signs of shock? | Press finger against the gums, if gums do not turn pink again immediately shock is impending | |
| 55491818 | What can cause anaphylactic shock? | nsect stings, drugs, and (rarely) food | |
| 55491819 | Recognize anaphylactic shock by asking. | are the gums blue, dog collapsing, signs of shock, sudden diarrhea, retching or vomiting, difficulty breathing after eating, stung by an insect, or given a shot or medicine | |
| 55491820 | Treatment for anaphylactic shock | keep the airway open, give CPR if necessary, clear the lungs of liquid, get to a vet immediately | |
| 55491821 | How can you tell if there is liquid in the lungs? | gurgling sounds while breathing | |
| 55491822 | How do you clear the lungs of fluid? | Suspend the dog with head toward ground |  |
| 55491823 | Three tests to determine consciousness. | responds to its name, blinks when you pinch hard between the toes, pulls leg back after you straightening it | |
| 55491824 | Steps for artificial respiration. | 1. Place dog on its side clear airway of debris and pull tongue forward 2. close dog's mouth and blow into nose until you see chest expand 3. take mouth away and let lungs deflate 4. repeat 10-20 times per minute 5. check pulse every 10 seconds | |
| 55491825 | When do you give heart massage? | When there is no pulse | |
| 55491826 | Steps for heart massage | 1. Dog on side with head lower than body 2. put heel of hand just behind the elbow on dog's chest and place other hand on top of first 3. press firmly down and towards neck 4. repeat 100 times a minute with quick firm pumps |  |
| 55491827 | 5 signs of a closed wound | Swelling, pain, discoloration, hot area, scratches | |
| 55491828 | First aid for closed wounds | Ice, clean, look for additional injuries | |
| 55491829 | Signs for an open wound | Broken skin, pain, bleeding, licking, or attention to a specific area | |
| 55491830 | First aid for open wounds | Apply pressure, keep absorbant cloth on wound, add more padding if blood soaked, elevate injury above heart, treat for shock | |
| 55491831 | Why shouldn't you remove a cloth from a bleeding wound? | You will prevent a clot from forming. | |
| 55491832 | Treatment for minor wounds | Flush with water, remove debris unless it's large, cut fur away from wound, dab dry | |
| 55491833 | Why shouldn't you remove large objects from a wound? | It might cause uncontrollable bleeding | |
| 55491834 | Bandaging techniques | Put absorbant pad on area, wrap with gauze covering pad and on either side of it, wrap adhesive tape around edge making sure to make contact with fur and bandage | |
| 55491835 | Name a trick to prevent you wrapping a bandage too tightly? | Place two fingers under the bandage as you wrap then remove them and continue wrapping with the same pressure | |
| 55491836 | How do you keep a leg bandage dry | Cover with a plastic bag and secure with tape when the dog goes outside | |
| 55491837 | How often should you change a bandage? | At least once a day | |
| 55491838 | What do you do if a bandaged wound becomes swollen, oozes pus, or smells bad | Go to vet immediately it is infected | |
| 55491839 | What are splints for? | Reduces possibility of more injury during transport to the vet | |
| 55491840 | How tight should a splint be? | Tight enough to hold the leg in position but not tight enough to cut off circulation | |
| 55491841 | How do you apply a splint | Roll magazine cardboard towel or fabric folded thick around leg, cover joints above and below fracture, safety pin tape or tie ripped fabric on splint to keep in place |  |
| 55491842 | When should a tourniquet NOT be applied | Snakebite or a wound that stops bleeding with pressure | |
| 55491843 | When should a tourniquet be used? | When bleeding from a leg is severe and will not stop with pressure. | |
| 55491844 | How to apply a tourniquet | Tie fabric above wound towards heart, stick a pen or similar stiff slender item into fabric and twist until bleeding stops, tie pen down with another piece of material, get to vet immediately or limb will die |  |
| 55493935 | Name back half of dog where you can check for a pulse | in the crease on the inner thigh |  |
| 55498514 | How do you properly restrain a dog? | From under the dog, wrap one arm as far as possible around neck and other around the dogs middle, holding the dog close to your body |  |
| 55499228 | Describe how to make a muzzle in the field | 1. Make a loop big enough to slip over dog's muzzle. 2. slip over muzzle and tighten, no knot 3. Cross under muzzle and tie back behind the ears. |  |
| 55504420 | How to carry a large dog. | wrap one hand around shoulder at base of legs and other around thighs at bend in knee. Avoid pressure on chest and stomach. |  |
| 55504421 | What is the normal temperature for a dog? | 100.5° to 102.5° F | |
| 55504422 | What does a sweet smell to the breath possibly indicate? | Kidney problems | |
| 55504423 | An intense and offensive smell near anus means what? | dog has emptied his anal glands because he was injured or frightened. | |
| 55504984 | Dog has sudden violent scratching, biting, tearing, or other self-mutilation of skin. What could this mean and what should you do? | Possible internal injuries, vet now | |
| 55509712 | Dog is trying to vomit but nothing comes up. What should you do? | Take to vet now | |
| 55509713 | You have noticed there are areas with sudden lumps or swelling. What could it be and what should you do? | Internal injuries. See a vet now. | |
| 55509714 | Your dog has black or bloody vomit or diarrhea. What should you do? | See a vet now. | |
| 55509715 | Dog has persistent or projectile vomiting. What should you do? | See a vet now. | |
| 55509716 | Dog has a swollen stomach and is trying to vomit. What should you do? | See a vet now. | |
| 55509717 | Your dog is trying to urinate but is unable to. What should you do? | See a vet now. | |
| 55509718 | If your dog has a visible injury in an emergency, what should you avoid doing? | Don't get diverted by obvious injuries. Look for and treat most life threatening first. | |
| 55509719 | What is the first thing you do if a dog becomes suddenly aggressive or hysterical? | Protect self and others from bites | |
| 55509720 | A suddenly aggressive (unexplained) or hysterical dog should be put in a place that is: | Dark and quiet. | |
| 55509721 | While outside, your dog returns to you in pain, agitated, disoriented, weak, holding up a paw, or crying for unknown reasons. What might have happened and what should you do? | Sting or animal bite, see a vet now. | |
| 55509722 | You are outside and your dog is running a high fever (above 104°F), gasping, wheezing, drooling, trembling or convulsing. What might have happened and what should you do? | Reaction to a sting or bite, see a vet now. | |
| 55509723 | First aid for bee, wasps, and hornet stings | Scrape stinger off with credit card, apply cold pack, give antihistamines | |
