AP WORLD FINAL REVIEW
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AP WORLD HISTORY
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AP US Chapter 3 Definitions
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| 222137594 | John Calvin | French humanist whose theological writings profoundly influenced religious thoughts of Europeans. Developed Calvinism at Geneva. Wrote Institutes of Christian Religion | |
| 222137595 | Anne Hutchinson | American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643) | |
| 222137596 | Roger Williams | English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism | |
| 222137597 | Henry Hudson | Discovered what today is known as the Hudson River. Sailed for the Dutch even though he was originally from England. He was looking for a northwest passage through North America. | |
| 222137598 | William Bradford | A Pilgrim, the second governor of the Plymouth colony, 1621-1657. He developed private land ownership and helped colonists get out of debt. He helped the colony survive droughts, crop failures, and Indian attacks. | |
| 222137599 | Peter Stuyvesant | The governor of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam, hated by the colonists. They surrendered the colony to the English on Sept. 8, 1664. | |
| 222137600 | William Laud | Archbishop of Canterbury under Charles I in England. He tried to force the Scottish to use the English Book of Common Prayer. He was later executed by Parliament during the English Civil War. | |
| 222137601 | Thomas Hooker | A Puritan minister who led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay to Connecticut because he believed that the governor and other officials had too much power. He wanted to set up a colony in Connecticut with strict limits on government. | |
| 222137602 | William Penn | Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718) | |
| 222137603 | John Winthrop | As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world. | |
| 222137604 | King Philip (Metacom) | Leader of the Wompanog who fought with Plymouth; initiated King Philip's War | |
| 222137605 | John Cotton | prominent Mass minister, believed that only the spiritual "elect" should have any authority, to become "elect" they have a conversion experience, caused dissension in colony and would eventually lead to the founding of new colonies | |
| 222137606 | Sir Edmund Andros | Governor of the Dominion of New England from 1686 until 1692, when the colonists rebelled and forced him to return to England | |
| 222137607 | Gustavus Adolphus | king of Sweden whose victories in battle made Sweden a European power | |
| 222137608 | William and Mary | King and Queen of England in 1688. With them, King James' Catholic reign ended. As they were Protestant, the Puritans were pleased because only protestants could be office-holders. | |
| 222137609 | Massasoit | Wampanoag leader who who aided the Pilgrims (1580-1661) | |
| 222137610 | Fernando Gorges | was an early English colonial entrepreneur and founder of the now state of Maine | |
| 222137611 | Myles Standish | Captain on the Mayflower; he later rendered indispensable service as an Indian fighter and negotiator | |
| 222137612 | Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. | |
| 222137613 | Michael Wigglesworth | New England clergyman who wrote the popular poem "Day of Doom", which told the horrifying fate of the damned | |
| 222137614 | Squanto | Native American who helped with relation between the natives and the Pilgrims. | |
| 222137615 | Franchise | a business established or operated under an authorization to sell or distribute a company's goods or services in a particular area | |
| 222137616 | Predestination | previous determination as if by destiny or fate | |
| 222137617 | Freemen | colonial period; term used to describe indentured servants who had finished their terms of indenture and could live freely on their own land. | |
| 222137618 | Visible saints | according to Puritans, only these individuals should be admitted to church membership | |
| 222137619 | Conversion | a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life | |
| 222137620 | Doctrine of a calling | Puritan belief that they are responsible to do God's work on earth | |
| 222137621 | Covenant | (Bible) an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return | |
| 222137622 | Antinomianism | An interpretation of Puritan beliefs that stressed God's gift of salvation and minimized what an individual could do to gain salvation; identified with Anne Hutchinson. | |
| 222137623 | Sumptuary laws | these regulated the dress of different classes forbidding people from wearing clothes of their social superiors | |
| 222137624 | Salutary neglect | An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies | |
| 222137625 | Passive resistance | peaceful resistance to a government by fasting or refusing to cooperate | |
| 222137626 | City upon a hill | : name for Mass. Bay Colony coined by Winthrop to describe how their colony should serve as a model of excellence for future generations | |
| 222137627 | Protestant reformation | a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches | |
| 222137628 | Pilgrims | Group of English Protestant dissenters who established Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts in 1620 to seek religious freedom after having lived briefly in the Netherlands. | |
| 222137629 | New England confederation | 1643 - Formed to provide for the defense of the four New England colonies, and also acted as a court in disputes between colonies. | |
| 222137630 | Calvinism | the theological system of John Calvin and his followers emphasizing omnipotence of God and salvation by grace alone | |
| 222137631 | Massachusetts Bay Company | joint-stock company chartered by Charles I in 1629. It was controlled by Non-Separatists who took the charter with them to New England and, in effect, converted it into a written constitution for the colony. | |
| 222137632 | Dominion of New England | 1686-The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Andros). Ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros | |
| 222137633 | Institutes of Christian Religion | This was the work by John Calvin that described to the world the ideology of John Calvin | |
| 222137634 | Navigation laws | Promoted English shipping and control colonial trade; made Americans ship all non-British items to England before going to America | |
| 222137635 | Great migration | movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920 | |
| 222137636 | Glorious Revolution | A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange. | |
| 222137637 | Puritans | Protestant sect in England hoping to "purify" the Anglican church of Roman Catholic traces in practice and organization. | |
| 222137638 | General court | a Puritan representative assembly elected by the freemen; they assisted the governor; this was the early form of Puritan democracy in the 1600's | |
| 222137639 | Dutch West India Company | Trading company chartered by the Dutch government to conduct its merchants' trade in the Americas and Africa. | |
| 222137640 | Separatists | People who wanted to have a separate, or different church. Also known as Pilgrims. | |
| 222137641 | Bible Commonwealth | name for the Massachusetts Bay colony that refers to its tax supported churches and visible saints. | |
| 222137642 | Quakers | a Christian sect founded by George Fox about 1660 | |
| 222137643 | Mayflower | the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to Massachusetts in 1620 | |
| 222137644 | Protestant ethic | Sociological term used to define the Calvinist belief in hard work to illustrate selection in elite group | |
| 222137645 | Mayflower Compact | This document was drafted in 1620 prior to settlement by the Pilgrims at Plymouth Bay in Massachusetts. It declared that the 41 males who signed it agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government in the best interest of all members of the colony. This agreement set the precedent for later documents outlining commonwealth rule. | |
| 222137646 | Fundamental Orders | The constitution of the Connecticut River colony drawn up in 1639, it established a government controlled in democratic style by the "substantial" citizens. | |
| 222137647 | French Huguenots | French protestants who came to the New World to escape religious prosecution in France | |
| 222137648 | Scottish Presbyterians | one group of Puritan American settlers who were Calvinists | |
| 222137649 | Church of England | the national church of England (and all other churches in other countries that share its beliefs) | |
| 222137650 | Dutchification | to turn things into Dutch | |
| 222137651 | Plymouth Bay | Place where pilgrims finally settled | |
| 222137652 | Congregational Church | a Protestant denomination holding that each individual congregation should be self-governing | |
| 222137653 | Pequot War | The Bay colonists wanted to claim Connecticut for themselves but it belonged to the Pequot. The colonists burned down their village and 400 were killed. | |
| 222137654 | Dutch Gold Age | The Golden Age (Gouden Eeuw) was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. | |
| 222137655 | New Netherland | a Dutch colony in North America along the Hudson and lower Delaware rivers although the colony centered in New Amsterdam | |
| 222137656 | New Amsterdam | a settlement established by the Dutch near the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island | |
| 222137657 | New Sweden | Swedish fur-trading community established with the assistance of the Dutch on the Delaware River in 1638 and absorbed by New Netherland in 1655 | |
| 222137658 | Penn's Woodland | literal translation of "Pennsylvania"; what William Penn named his colony, but in honor of his father, not himself |
AP US History Ch 2
AP US History Ch 2 The Planting of English America 1500-1753
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| 429130507 | King Henry VIII | King of England from 1509 to 1547 and founder of the Church of England; he broke with the Catholic Church because the pope would not grant him a divorce launching the English Protestant Reformation. | |
| 429130508 | Walter Raleigh | Received a charter from Queen Elizabeth I to explore the American coastline. His ships landed on Roanoke in 1585, which became a "lost colony." | |
| 429130509 | Francis Drake | English explorer and admiral who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and who helped to defeat the Spanish Armada (1540-1596). | |
| 429130510 | Humphrey Gilbert | An English explorer who promoted the failed attempt to colonize Newfoundland for England. He was the half-brother of Walter Raleigh. | |
| 429130511 | Philip II | King of Spain. Used part of his imperial gains to build an "Invincible Armada" of ships for an invasion of England. When they finally did attack, they were defeated. | |
| 429130512 | James I | Sent a charter to the Virginia Company of London for a settlement in the New World | |
| 429130513 | John Smith | Leader of the Jamestown colonists. He whipped the gold hungry colonists into line with the rule "He who shall not work shall not eat." He was kidnapped, but saved by the Indian Chieftain Powhatan's daughter, Pocahontas. | |
| 429130514 | Powhatan | Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan confederacy of tribes in eastern Virginia. He kidnapped Captain John Smith and subject him to a mock execution that was interrupted by his daughter | |
| 429130515 | Pocahontas | Daughter of the Indian Chieftain, Powhatan. She saved John Smith from execution by putting her head between John's and the war clubs of his captors. She became an intermediary between the Indians and the settlers. | |
| 429130516 | Lord De La Warr | New governor of Jamestown who arrived in 1610, immediately imposing a military regime in Jamestown and declaring war against the Powhatan Confederacy. Employed "Irish tactics" in which his troops burned houses and cornfields. | |
| 429202959 | John Rolfe | He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown. He married Pocahontas, ended the first Anglo-Powhatan War in 1614.. He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony. | |
| 429202960 | Lord Baltimore | 1694- He was the founder of Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the persecuted Roman Catholics. | |
| 429202961 | Olver Cromwell | After King Charles was beheaded, puritan-soldier Cromwell was made king and ruled for nearly a decade | |
| 429202962 | Charles I | King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which he was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649 | |
| 429202963 | Charles II | King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism. Caroline was named after him | |
| 429202964 | William Penn | Penn, an English Quaker, founded Pennsylvania in 1682, after receiving a charter from King Charles II the year before. He launched the colony as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance. | |
| 429202965 | James Oglethorpe | Founder and governor of the Georgia colony. He ran a tightly-disciplined, military-like colony. Slaves, alcohol, and Catholicism were forbidden in his colony. Many colonists felt that Oglethorpe was a dictator, and that (along with the colonist's dissatisfaction over not being allowed to own slaves) caused the colony to break down and Oglethorpe to lose his position as governor. | |
| 429202966 | John Wesley | Aclergyman and missionary who returned to England and founded Methodism (1703-1791) | |
| 429202967 | Handsome Lake | An Iroquois prophet. Angels appeared to him in a vision and told him to mend his ways. He preached to affirm family values, revive old customs, and forsake alcohol | |
| 429202968 | George Percy | accompanied Captain John Smith on hiw expedition to Virginia; served as deputy-governor in 1609-1610; returned to England in 1612 and wrote A Discourse of the Plantation of Virginia about his experience | |
| 429202969 | Richard Hakluyt | An English writer who was a proponent of colonizing the New World | |
| 429202970 | Elizabeth I | Ascended to the throne in 1558. In the 1570s and 1580s, Elizabeth's troops crushed the Irish uprising with terrible ferocity. Irish land was confiscated and Protestant landlords were "planted". | |
| 429437198 | George II | Georgia was named after him | |
| 429438323 | Deganawidah and Hiawatha | two leaders who founded the Iroquois Confederacy in the late 1500s | |
| 429438324 | Nation-State | A country who's population share a common identity. | |
| 429438325 | Joint-Stock Company | A business entity which is owned by shareholders | |
| 429438326 | slavery | Asystem under which people are treated as property to be brought and sold, and are forced to work | |
| 429438327 | Enclosure | The process of inclosing land formally subject to common rights, One of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers | |
| 429438328 | House of Burgesses | The first assembly of elected representatives of English colonist in North America. It was established by the Virginia company to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants. The first meeting was helf in Jamestown, Virginia, on July 30, 1619. | |
| 429438329 | Royal Charter | A formal document issued by a monarch granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. | |
| 429438330 | Slave Codes | Laws in each US state which gave slave-owners absolute power over the African Slaves | |
| 429438331 | Yeoman | A freeman owning his own farm... | |
| 429439284 | Proprietor | The owner of a business or a holder of property | |
| 429439285 | Longhouse | A long wooden building in which several related Iroquois families lived together. | |
| 429442868 | Squatter | A person who lived on land that does not belong to him | |
| 429442869 | Law Of Primogeniture | Common law that established the birthright of the oldest son to inherit the family estate. | |
| 429442870 | Indentured Servitude | Practice of contracting to work for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities during the indenture. | |
| 429442871 | Starving Time | in Jamestown, a period of starvation during the winter of 1609-1610 in which all but 60 of the 500 colonists died. | |
| 429442872 | Sea dogs | English adventurers or pirates at the time of Elizabethan era. Mainly engaged in attacks on Spanish shipping and slave trade. | |
| 429442873 | Surplus population | The number of people that could have moved from England during that time, without damaging the economy. | |
| 429442874 | First Anglo-Powhatan War | (1610-1614) When the English arrided in Virgina, they struggled to survive. Unable to provide for themselves, they pressed the Indians for supplies. Chieftain Powhatan ordered a siege on the English fort. De La Warr arrived with reinforcements and, using "Irish tactics" defeated the Indians. The war ended with the marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas. | |
| 429442875 | Second Anglo-Powhatan War | Indians last effort to dislodge Virginians, they were defeated. Peace treaty of 1646 stopped any hope of creating native peoples into Virginia society or peace with coexisting. | |
| 429442876 | Maryland Act of Toleration | Policy created in Maryland in 1649 offering religious freedom to all Christians | |
| 429442877 | Barbados Slave Code | "Codes" that defined the slaves legal status and masters prerogatives. This gave masters virtually complete control over their slaves. | |
| 429446601 | Virginia Company | Joint-Stock Company in London that received a charter for land in the new world. Charter guarantees new colonists same rights as people back in England. | |
| 429446602 | Restoration | After a period of bloody unrest, Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660 and empire building resumed. | |
| 429446603 | Act of Toleration | Act of British Parliament that granted freedom of worship to Nonconformist. This did not apply to Cathloics and Unitarians. | |
| 429446604 | Savannah Indians | They helped the Carolina settles foray into the interior in search of captives. | |
| 429446605 | Iroquois Confederacy | A powerful group of Native Americans in the eastern part of the United States made up of five nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondoga, and Oneida | |
| 429446606 | Ireland | The Catholic Irish sought help from Catholic Spain to throw the yoke of the New Protestant English queen. Spanish did not really help and England crushed the Irish uprising. The English crown confiscated Catholic Irish lands and "planted" them with new Protestant landlords planted them with | |
| 429446607 | Sante Fe | A powerful outpost settled by the Spanish in 1610. | |
| 429446608 | Quebec | A powerful output settled by the French in 1608 | |
| 429446609 | Jamestown | A powerful outpost settled by the English in 1607 | |
| 429446610 | Charles Town | The busiest seaport in the south. The city became a diverse community to which French Protestant refugees and others were attracted by religious toleration |
Lab Equipment
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| 82784227 | beaker |  | |
| 82784228 | beaker tongs |  | |
| 82784229 | Bunsen burner |  | |
| 82784230 | buret |  | |
| 82784231 | buret clamp |  | |
| 82784232 | clay triangle |  | |
| 82784233 | crucible and cover |  | |
| 82784234 | crucible tongs |  | |
| 82784235 | disposable pipet |  | |
| 82784236 | Erlenmeyer flask |  | |
| 82784237 | evaporating dish |  | |
| 82784238 | forceps |  | |
| 82784239 | funnel |  | |
| 82784240 | glass square |  | |
| 82784241 | glass stirring rod |  | |
| 82784242 | graduated cylinder |  | |
| 82784243 | graduated pipet |  | |
| 82784244 | mortar and pestle |  | |
| 82784245 | pneumatic trough |  | |
| 82784246 | ring clamp |  | |
| 82784247 | ring stand |  | |
| 82784248 | scoopula |  | |
| 82784249 | spatula |  | |
| 82784250 | test tube |  | |
| 82784251 | test tube brush |  | |
| 82784517 | test tube holder |  | |
| 82784518 | test tube rack |  | |
| 82784519 | utility clamp |  | |
| 82784520 | volumetric flask |  | |
| 82784521 | wash bottle |  | |
| 82784522 | watch glass |  | |
| 82784523 | well plate |  | |
| 82784524 | wire gauze |  | |
| 82784525 | volumetric pipet |  |
AP US History Chapter 2
Terms from "American Pageant 13th ed." Chapter 2
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| 42135335 | Santa Fe | 1st spanish settlement | |
| 42135336 | Jamestown | 1st English settlement | |
| 42135337 | Quebec | 1st French settlement | |
| 42135338 | Sir Francis Drake and the Sea Dogs | wanted to spread Protestantism and seize Spanish treasure; circumnavigated the globe | |
| 42135339 | Sir Walter Raleigh | started the colony of Roanoke | |
| 42135340 | Roanoake | colony in North Carolina- failure- disappeared | |
| 42135341 | Virgin Queen | Queen Elizabeth | |
| 42135342 | Spanish Armada | Tried to fight against the English- destroyed by the sea dogs- *Turning point*- end of Spanish domination | |
| 42135343 | Virginia Company | a joint stock company- settled North America- guaranteed settlers same rights as Englishmen | |
| 42135344 | Charter | legal document giving certain rights to a person or company | |
| 42135345 | Captain John Smith | leader of Jamestown- helped by Pocahontas | |
| 42135346 | Powhatan | indian cheif who led a mock execution of Captain John Smith | |
| 42135347 | Pocahontas | protected John Smith and became an intermediary- provided peace and food | |
| 42135348 | Starving Time | name for the winter of 1609- severe famine | |
| 42135349 | Lord De La Ware | person who led the relief party to Jamestown- harsh military regime | |
| 42135350 | Irish Tactics | war methods used by Lord De La Ware against the Indians- raided and destroyed them | |
| 42135351 | First Powhatan War | 1614- war between Lord De La Ware and the Indians- ended with marriage of Pocahontas and John Rolfe | |
| 42135352 | Second Powhatan War | 1644- Indians tried to dislodge Virginians- Indians fail and are destroyed and banished from homeland | |
| 42135353 | The Three Ds | Disease, disorganization, disposablity | |
| 42135354 | John Rolfe | Pocahontas' husband- killed in Indian attacks- father of the tobacco industry | |
| 42135355 | Broad Acre Plantation System | farming method- increased demand for labor- encouraged by tobacco | |
| 42135356 | House of Burgesses | first representative government in the colonies- miniature Parliament for the colonies | |
| 42135357 | Lord Baltimore | founded Maryland colonies for Catholics- wanted freedom of worship | |
| 42135358 | Act of Toleration | law that guaranteed tolerance for all Christians, but not for Jews or Atheists | |
| 42135359 | Barbados Slave Code | law that gave masters complete control over their slaves | |
| 42135360 | Rice | principal crop of Carolina- food for Barbados | |
| 42135361 | Charles Town | busiest seaport- aristocratic- diverse- religious toleration | |
| 42135362 | North Carolina Settlers | outcasts from aristocratic Virginia- poor, don't like authority | |
| 42135363 | Tuscaroras | Indians who fought North Carolina settlers- defeated- turned into slaves | |
| 42135364 | Yamasee | indians who fought the South Carolina settlers- defeated and dispersed | |
| 42135365 | Buffer colony | what Georgia was to protect the colonies from Spanish Florida | |
| 42135366 | James Oglethorpe | leader and one of the founders of Georgia- wanted it to be a place for people who were imprisoned for debt | |
| 42135367 | Hiawatha | indian who founded the Iroquois Confederation | |
| 42135368 | Longhouses | homes of the Iroquois- shared by maternal families | |
| 42135369 | Handsome Lake | Indian who preached to the Iroquois to stop morale decline- started the Longhouse religion |
AP WORLD FINAL REVIEW
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AP WORLD HISTORY
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AP WORLD FINAL REVIEW
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Dr. Kotlik AP World - Bentley 03 Flashcards
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| 414728035 | Ahmosis | An Egyptian ruler in the southern part of the country who ruled from 1550 to 1525 BCE; _____ used Hyksos weaponry;horse chariots in particularto defeat the Hyksos themselves. | 0 | |
| 414728036 | Amon-Re | Sun god (Re) believed by the Egyptians to be associated with another god (Amon), became the great lord of gods. | 1 | |
| 414728037 | Ancestor Worship | A religious practice based on the belief that deceased family members have a continued existence, take an interest in the affairs of the world, and possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living. | 2 | |
| 414728038 | Aten | Monotheistic god of Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaton (r. 1353-1335 B.C.E.) and arguably the world's first example of monotheism. | 3 | |
| 414728039 | Bantu | African peoples who originally lived in the area of present-day Nigeria; around 2000 B.C.E. they began a centuries-long migration that took them to most of sub-Saharan Africa; the Bantu were very influential, especially linguistically. | 4 | |
| 414728040 | Cult of Osiris | Osiris becomes associated with the Nile, crops, mortality, and immortality after his wife, Isis, gathers his fallen body and allows the gods to restore him to life in the underworld. | 5 | |
| 414728041 | Hieroglyphics | An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds. | 6 | |
| 414728042 | Hyksos | The people who invaded Egypt thus beginning the second Intermediate period during which the Hyksos ( a word meaning "foreigner) ruled as pharaohs in Lower Egypt and exacted tribute from the royal families in Thebes. | 7 | |
| 414728043 | Kush | An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 100 B.C.E.; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries. | 8 | |
| 414728044 | Nubia | An ancient region in the Nile River Valley, on the site of present-day southern Egypt and northern Sudan. Area south of Egypt; the kingdom of Kush in Nubia invaded and dominated Egypt from 750 to 664 B.C.E. | 9 | |
| 414728045 | Osiris | Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead. | 10 | |
| 414728046 | Patriarchy | Form of social organization in which the father rules the family or tribe, descent being traced through the father. | 11 | |
| 414728182 | Pharaohs | Egyptian kings considered to be gods on earth. | 12 |
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