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AP Bio_genetic_variation

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Subject: 
Biology
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SocialTags: 
Biology
Genetics
Fertility
Reproduction
Classical genetics
Cellular processes
Molecular genetics
Meiosis
Genetic variation
Ploidy
Homologous chromosome
Sex

Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to evolution * Mutations (changes in an organism?s DNA) are the original source of genetic diversity * Mutations create different versions of genes called alleles * Reshuffling of alleles during sexual reproduction produces genetic variation Origins of Genetic Variation Among Offspring * The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization is responsible for most of the variation that arises in each generation * Three mechanisms contribute to genetic variation: ? Independent assortment of chromosomes ? Crossing over ? Random fertilization Independent Assortment of Chromosomes * Homologous pairs of chromosomes orient randomly at metaphase I of meiosis

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