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Solution Concentration/Stoichiometry

concentration - amount of solute dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

 

  • greater the solute >> greater the concentration
  • molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution
  • concentrations of electrolytic solutions depends on chemical formula
    • can be given as molarity of compound or molarity of individual ions
  • molarity can be used as conversion factor between volume of solution and moles of solute

dilution - lowers the concentration of a solution by adding water

 

  • stock solutions - solutions in concentrated form
  • moles of solute before dilution = moles of solute after dilution
  • molarity of concentrated solution * volume of concentrated solution = molarity of diluted solution * volume of diluted solution

chemical analysis - convert to moles to find relationships between reactants/products  

titration - determines concentration of a particular solute in a solution  

  • combines sample of solution w/ standard solution (reagent solution of known concentration)
  • can be conducted suing acid-base, precipitation, or redox reactions
  • equivalence point - point when stoichiometrically equivalent quantities are brought together
  • indicators - acid-base dyes that show when the equivalence point is reached
  • end point - when the color change of dyes occur; usually very close to equivalence point
Subject: 
Chemistry
Subject X2: 
Chemistry

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