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| 112562630 | Martin Luther | - German monk - initiated Protestant Reformation in 1517 by nailing 95 theses to door of Wittenberg Church - emphasized primacy of faith over works stressed in Catholic church - accepted state control of church | 0 | |
| 112562631 | John Locke | - English philosopher during 17th century - argued that people learn everything through sense and reason - argued that power of government came from the people, not divine right of kings - offered possibility of revolution to overthrow tyrants | 1 | |
| 112562632 | Enlightenment | - intellectual movement centered in france during the 18th century - featured scientific advance, application of scientific methods to study human society - believe that rational laws could describe social behavior | 2 | |
| 112562633 | Jean Calvin | - french protestant (16th century) who stressed doctrine of predestination - established center of his group in Geneva, switzerland - encouraged ideas of wider access to government, wider public education - calvinism | 3 | |
| 112562634 | Galileo | - published corpernicus findings - adding own discoveries concerning laws of gravity and planetary motion - condemned by the catholic church for his work | 4 | |
| 112562635 | Thirty Years War | - war within holy roman empire between german protestants and their allies and the emperor of his ally, spain - ended in 1648 after great destruction with treaty of westphalia | 5 | |
| 112562636 | Adam Smith | - established liberal economics - argued that government should avoid regulations of economy in favor of the operation of market forces | 6 | |
| 112562637 | Isaac Newton | - english scientist during the 17th century - author of principia - drew various astronomical and physical observations and wider theories in a neat framework - established principle of motion - defined forces of gravity | 7 | |
| 112562638 | Deism | - concept of god during the scientific revolution - role of divinity was to set natural laws in motion, not to regulate once process was begun | 8 | |
| 112562639 | Glorious Revolution | - english overthrew james II in 1688 - resulted in affirmation of parliament as having basic sovereignty over the king | 9 | |
| 112562640 | English civil War | - conflict from 1640 to 1660 - featured religious disputes mixed with constitutional issues concerning powers of the monarchy - ended with restoration of the monarchy | 10 | |
| 112562641 | Jesuits | - a mew religious order founded during the catholic reformation - active in politics, education, and missionary work | 11 | |
| 112570738 | Council of Trent | -people are saved because the grace of God and the sacrifice of Jesus, not of their own merit. And a person cannot be justified without faith. | 12 | |
| 112570739 | Spanish Inquisition | - Developed in medieval europe to maintian catholic orthodoxy. - Tribunals were established to try heretics, or dissenting christians. - By definition heretic could not be a person of another religion. - Ferdinand and Isabella started spanish inquisition in 1478 | 13 | |
| 112570740 | absolute monarchy | - monarchs who passed laws without parliaments | 14 | |
| 112570741 | capitalism | - is an economic system with three characteristics: private property, profit motive, and free enterprise. | 15 | |
| 112570742 | Voltaire | - religion shouldn't have a prominent role, if any role at all. - Because I think the people have a potential to do great things, I think that people should rule and that monarchy shouldn't exist | 16 |
