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| 12266025346 | The Age of Jackson | - 1824-1844 - Age of the Common Man - Rise of Democratic Society: voters get more of a say in electing gov officials - Campaigns targeted at common man - *Universal male suffrage *(only white males) - *Party Nominating Conventions*: No more King Caucuses - *Popular election of president* - Two Party System: Democrats and Whigs - Third Parties: Anti-Masonic and Workingman's party - *Spoils System and Rotation of Officeholders*: Jackson appointed federal offices as a reward for helping the Democratic party; rotated offices to give all "deserving" Democrats a chance; *anyone could hold office* | 0 | |
| 12269827586 | Whigs | Against Monarchy Leader: Clay Nationalistic, central Elitist Pro-moral reform Gov involvement in economy Northeast Yes to American Sys. | 1 | |
| 12269827587 | Democrats | Party of the People Leader: Jackson Pro-states rights democratic, for common man Laissez Faire economics South and West No to American Sys. | 2 | |
| 12266025885 | Election of 1824 | - JQA, Henry Clay, Jackson, and William Crawford - Votes split- *sectionalism* - Jackson wins popular vote, but not enough Electoral College - House of Representatives have to choose -*Corrupt Bargain*: Henry Clay uses his influence to get Adams presidency; Clay became Secretary of State *Jackson supporters angered by corruption* | 3 | |
| 12269395470 | Presidency of John Quincy Adams | - Asked for internal improvements, aid to manufacturing, national university - Tariff of 1828 (of Abominations) *Satisfied North but alienated South* | 4 | |
| 12269412485 | Revolution/Election of 1828 | - Jacksonians - Used discontent of southerners and westerners - Slander: Adam's wife born out of wedlock; Jackson's wife adulterer - Jackson as *war hero* | 5 | |
| 12269428302 | Presidency of Jackson | - 1828-1836 Kitchen Cabinet: - Yes Men/Friends - takes advice and influence from cabinet - Represented common man/middle class - Wealthy planter and slave owner - No college education -Jeffersonian - *Used veto 12 times* For: *preservation of union,* state rights, exec. power Against: Fed. spending and big gov. | 6 | |
| 12309676119 | Spoils System | Jackson gave favors and positions to those who supported his party | 7 | |
| 12269597142 | Peggy Eaton Affair | - Wife of Jackson's Secretary of War - Target of gossip - *Jackson tried to force cabinet to accept her, but many resigned as well as Calhoun* - Van Buren VP in 2nd term | 8 | |
| 12269623812 | Indian Removal Act | - 1830 - Forced removal of Indians to west of Mississippi - More land for land-hungry Americans Cherokee Nation vs Georgia (1831): - Cherokee were not foreign nation, had to abide by laws Worcester vs Georgia (1832): - Georgia had no power in Cherokee territory *Jackson sides with states- SC rendered powerless* | 9 | |
| 12269693983 | Trail of Tears | 1838; Indians forced to walk west; 4000 die | 10 | |
| 12269699259 | Nullification Crisis | 1832 - SC declares Tariff of 1828 unconstitutional and wants to nullify - Webster-Hayne: can a state defy or leave union? - Calhoun believed in nullification theory - Jackson creates Force Bill: authority to act against SC (it's treason) - Clay's Compromise: pay tariffs, lower tariffs, SC nullifies Force Bill | 11 | |
| 12269739240 | Bank Veto/War | - 1832 - Jackson vetoes recharter of national bank (sees as unconstitutional, elite, corporate, and doesn't like paper money) - Withdrew federal funds and put them in pet (state) banks | 12 | |
| 12269758968 | Specie Circular | - 1836 - Required that all future Federal land sales use gold and silver instead of paper money - bank notes became worthless - land sales went down | 13 | |
| 12269772050 | Election of 1836 | - Van Buren (former VP) chosen - practical politics - Whigs nominated three different candidates to try to split vote; failed | 14 | |
| 12269768211 | Panic of 1837 | -result of Specie Circular and closing of national bank - Whigs blame Democrats for laissez faire economics | 15 | |
| 12269853794 | "Log Cabin and Hard Cider" Campaign of 1840 | - Whigs in strong position - Voters unhappy with economics - William Henry Harrison (*Tippecanoe war hero*) - Focused on Harrison's humble origins -Attacked Van Buren as aristocrat -Harrison dies - John Tyler takes office in 1841 - *did not really support Whigs* | 16 | |
| 12269893472 | Antebellum Period | period of reform before Civil War; 1820s-60s | 17 | |
| 13743002015 | Migration during Antebellum Period | Potato Famine (1854-49): Irish (Catholic) immigrants which sparked *Nativism*; Gold Rush (1849): Chinese immigration and thousands migrate internally west | 18 | |
| 12269898248 | The Second Great Awakening | - 1820s/30s/40s - Emphasis on reform - Began among the educated - Allowed for *salvation for all* - New York: burned over district (hell and brimstone revivals) - Individual change projected onto others - Evangelism: spreading of Christian gospel by public preaching/personal witness - *Many fractures and new interpretations of Christianity* | 19 | |
| 12269935190 | Trancendentalists | - Emerson and Thoreau: questioned established churches and business practices - Discovering one's inner self - God in nature - Anti-materialistic - Question laws/gov. peacefully *Brook Farm: George Ripley; MA; 1841* | 20 | |
| 12269962489 | Communal Living Experiments | Shakers: separated men and women; 1840 Amana Colonies: Iowa; German; pietism; simple life New Harmony: nonreligious; Indiana; Robert Owen; address inequity of industrialization; socialist *Oneida*: polygamy; 1848; John Noyes; social and economic equality; prospered because of silverware sales Fourier Phalanxes: 1840s; French Charles Fourier; people share work and homes | 21 | |
| 12269999471 | Arts and Literature | Who: - George Bingham, William Mount, Thomas Cole, Frederick Church - Washington Irving, James Cooper, Hawthorne, Melville Paintings: Everyday, common scenes and people; rural scenes; landscapes (*national pride*) Architecture: Greek styles Literature: Writing about American life | 22 | |
| 12270058068 | Temperance | - began around 1820s - Causes: high alcohol consumption, detrimental effects on families - Many states prohibited alcohol - Lyman Beecher: founder of the American Temperance society - Washingtonians- recovering | 23 | |
| 12270124384 | Public Asylum Movement | -1820s and 30s - Cause: poor treatment of prisoners and emotionally disturbed Movement for public institutions with better conditions: - Mental hospitals and public asylums (*Dorothea Dix*) - Prisons -Schools for deaf (*Gallaudet*) and blind (*Gridley*) | 24 | |
| 12270163414 | Public Education | - Free public school for all children Free Common Schools: - *Horace Mann* - Moral Education: moral principles taught as well; *William McGuffey* created popular moral textbooks; Catholics created their own schools - Higher Education: private colleges | 25 | |
| 12270228503 | Women's Rights | Cult of Domesticity: - women took control of households and became moral leaders of houses Cause: Women did not like secondary status to men (*especially in anti-slavery movement*) and staying at home Who: - Grimké sisters: Letter on Condition of Women and the Equality of Sexes - Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Stanton: campaigned for rights after being barred from speaking at anti-slavery convention | 26 | |
| 12270257347 | Seneca Falls Convention | -1848 - New York - Declaration of Sentiments: *all men and WOMEN are created equal Voting movement: *Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Stanton* *Overshadowed by slavery* | 27 | |
| 12270269842 | American Colonization Society | - Anti-slavery movement - Robert Finley - 1816 - created African colony and send African Americans "back" - blacks and whites can't coexist *appealed to both abolitionists* (escape and gradual) *and slaveholders* (frees were threats, reinforced slavery) | 28 | |
| 12270310844 | American Anti-Slavery Society | - *William Lloyd Garrison* - The Liberator (newspaper) - radical - immediate abolition | 29 | |
| 12270325921 | Liberty Party | - Northerners - James Birney - political and legal abolition | 30 | |
| 12270330124 | Black Abolitionists | Fredrick Douglass: - former slave - firsthand experience of brutality - The North Star (Journal) Others: *Harriet Tubman*, *Sojourner Truth*, David Ruggles, William Stills | 31 | |
| 13743015705 | Nat Turner's Rebellion | 1831; Virginia; Slaves revolted and killed many whites *Caused fear of slave resistance and caused more restriction of black education and assembly* | 32 | |
| 12270344972 | Violent Abolitionists | David Walker: - Slaves should take matters into their own hands and revolt - violent and immediate - appealed to religion and DOI Nat Turner: - Slave who organized uprising - Put down *Growing fear of slave revolts* | 33 | |
| 12270378552 | Labor Reform Movement | movement to improve working conditions and working hours; led by the Lowell Mill Girls who initiated the first strike. | 34 |
