7352045986 | Social Migration During 17th and 18th Centuries | Farms to villages, villages to cities, and homelands to colonies | 0 | |
7352048348 | Average settlers | -Young -Male -Poor -Indentured servants -Slaves -Convicts -Mostly British | 1 | |
7352051661 | Waves of British migration to US | -Puritans -Royalist Cavaliers and their indentured servants -Quakers -Celtic Britons and Scotch-Irish | 2 | |
7352055546 | Ecology at time of Settler Arrival | Hunting meant loss of wild species, slash-and-burn created rich soil and ideal grazing | 3 | |
7352057835 | Ecology after Settler Arrival | Settlers viewed resources as privately owned commodities, free-roaming livestock turned feral, fertility declined, increased friction with Natives | 4 | |
7352061297 | Population Growth in Colonies | Rapid because land was plentiful and labor was scarce | 5 | |
7352064259 | Birth and Death Rates in Colonies | Married younger, more children and higher longevity than Europe, average age in teens | 6 | |
7352065989 | Disease | As cities grew, disease approached European levels, Southern humidity and ships brought diseases | 7 | |
7352068337 | Sex Ratio | Northern colonies/English settlers meant more women | 8 | |
7352070373 | Attitudes towards Women | Weak and inferior, required submission but better than Europe | 9 | |
7352073291 | Elizabeth Lucas Pinckney | Celebrated horticulturalist, introduced indigo to US | 10 | |
7352076422 | Quaker Attitudes towards Women | Viewed as equal, allowed authority in church | 11 | |
7352077515 | Puritan Attitudes towards Women | Required to be quiet and separate from church affairs | 12 | |
7352078840 | African-American Religion | Most tried to continue traditional African religion, excluded from Church membership | 13 | |
7352080123 | Southern Agriculture | Based on staple crops such as tobacco and rice, pine forestry and cattle, large-scale production, profits eaten up by English middlemen | 14 | |
7352083887 | Indentured Servants | 1/2 of white settlers in colonies, many died before completing terms and most remained poor afterwards, convicts could escape hanging | 15 | |
7352086266 | Slaves | More than three times as many slaves as free immigrants, Africans started as indentured servants before slavery became law | 16 | |
7352090966 | West African Cultures | Matrilineal, hierarchical, animist, preyed on other tribes to sell as slaves | 17 | |
7352094613 | Slave Revolt of 1712 | Manhattan, slaves set fires then killed whites as they fought fires, strict slave code passed afterwards | 18 | |
7352097204 | Conspiracy of 1741 | Suspicious fires provoked frenzy, Mary Burton accused slaves and people with connections to Spain, "New York's Salem Witch Trials" | 19 | |
7352101770 | Colonial Gentry | Virginia and South Carolina, imitated English aristocracy | 20 | |
7352103569 | Religion in colonies | -Southern Anglicans -New England Puritans -Pennsylvanian Quakers | 21 | |
7352107270 | Township System | Land was given to church then divided among themselves | 22 | |
7352108807 | Lifestyle of New England | Hard living, no profitable crops, turned to fishing, shipbuilding and whaling, clash between increasing cosmopolitanism and Puritan ideals | 23 | |
7352111709 | Apprentice-Journeyman System | Master craftsman taught apprentice craft for wages, apprentices became journeymen then master craftsmen themselves | 24 | |
7352114389 | Trade in the Colonies | Colonies imported manufactured goods from England and exported the raw materials England allowed, balance of trade unfavorable for colonies | 25 | |
7352116735 | Triangular Trade | Trade between Americas, African slave trade, Europe and West Indies | 26 | |
7352121061 | Currency | Lack of hard currency so wampum or tobacco, rice, etc. used instead, Parliament banned promissory notes | 27 | |
7352123451 | Social Tensions in New England | Society became litigious, poverty | 28 | |
7352125686 | Salem Witch Trials | Preteen girls accused others of witchcraft, those then accused others, people killed until they accused the governor's wife and he disbanded the court | 29 | |
7352127917 | Economy of Middle Colonies | Surplus food sold to Southern colonies and West Indies, headright | 30 | |
7352132298 | Great Pennsylvania Road | Primary internal migration route during colonial period, used instead of crossing Appalachians | 31 | |
7352134010 | Colonial Cities | Location based on access to Europe, high centrality | 32 | |
7352139502 | Poverty | Urban poor more visible, replicated English policy of public responsibility for indigent with almshouses | 33 | |
7352143637 | Roads | Began as Native paths, widened into treacherous dirt roads | 34 | |
7352146375 | Taverns | Most important social and democratic institution, regulated by local ordinances | 35 | |
7352151039 | Postal Service | Letters initially entrusted to travelers, postal system established and radically improved by Franklin | 36 | |
7352155734 | Newspapers | Spread in 18th century thanks to more reliable post, important social institution | 37 | |
7352159850 | John Peter Zenger | Imprisoned for criticizing New York's governor, acquitted on grounds that he published truth, trial emboldened newspapers | 38 | |
7352164131 | Enlightenment | Standard of living and education rose, people thought of themselves as American, America especially receptive to new science | 39 | |
7352167959 | Newton's Challenge to Accepted Thought | Showed universe governed by natural laws, this idea reduced God to remote presence | 40 | |
7352171772 | Benjamin Franklin | Owned a print shop, edited Pennsylvania Gazette, inventor, wrote Poor Richard's Almanack, founded UPenn and American Philosophical Society, Deist | 41 | |
7352179157 | Education | Seen as responsibility of family and church, most schools in New England | 42 | |
7352181662 | Great Awakening | Government supported churches and didn't allow outside preachers, in 1740s itinerant evangelists arrived and renewed spiritual devotion and fragmented religious life | 43 | |
7352189130 | Jonathan Edwards | Restored deeply felt spirituality at Northampton Congregationalist church, graduated valedictorian of Yale at 17 | 44 | |
7352193301 | William and Gilbert Tennent | Scotch-Irish Presbyterians, aggressive and often illegal practices | 45 | |
7352195845 | George Whitefield | Catalyst of Awakening, immensely popular because of eloquence | 46 | |
7352198571 | Women during Great Awakening | Targeted for greater spirituality | 47 | |
7352199867 | Bathsheba Kingsley | Stole her husband's horse to spread the gospel | 48 | |
7352200697 | Sarah Osburn | Organized large, influential, diverse prayer group | 49 | |
7352202640 | Mary Reed | Allowed to give testimonials to church | 50 | |
7352203800 | Reverend James Davenport | New England Congregationalist, told listeners to renounce church and seek own salvation | 51 | |
7352206972 | Critics of Awakening | Disliked intense emotion and women's voices being heard | 52 | |
7352208411 | Dissolution of Puritanism | Balance between emotionalism and reason impossible to maintain after Awakening | 53 |
America: A Narrative History Chapter 3 Flashcards
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