AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 18 The Growth of Cities and American Culture, 1865-1900
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| 5991664258 | old immigrants | Through the 1880s, they came to the United States from northern and western Europe. They were mostly Protestant and had a high-level of literacy. |  | 0 |
| 5991664259 | new immigrants | From the 1890s to 1914, they came to the United States from southern and eastern Europe. Mostly non-Protestant, poor and illiterate. |  | 1 |
| 5991664260 | Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 | It was the first bill regarding immigration. It placed a ban on all new immigrants from China. |  | 2 |
| 5991664261 | Immigration Act of 1882 | In 1882, this act placed restrictions on the immigration of undesirable persons, such as paupers, criminals, convicts, and mentally incompetent. |  | 3 |
| 5991664262 | Alien Contract Labor Act of 1885 | Restricted the immigration of temporary workers, to protect American workers. |  | 4 |
| 5991664263 | Ellis Island | An immigration center opened in 1892 in New York Harbor. |  | 5 |
| 5991664264 | melting pot vs. cultural diversity | The historian's term, melting pot, refers to immigrants leaving their old-world characteristics and adopting the United States characteristics. Other historians argue that first-generation immigrants maintained their cultural identity and only the second and third generations were assimilated in the U.S. society. |  | 6 |
| 5991664265 | political machines, boss | Political parties in major cities came under the control of tightly organized groups of politicians, known as political machines. Each machine had its boss, the top politician who gave orders and doled out government jobs. |  | 7 |
| 5991664266 | Tammany Hall | A political machine in New York City, which developed into a power center. |  | 8 |
| 5991664267 | Jane Addams | In 1889, she started Hull House in Chicago, which was a settlement house which provide help to immigrants. |  | 9 |
| 5991664268 | settlement houses | They provide social services to new immigrants. |  | 10 |
| 5991664269 | Dwight Moody | He founded Moody Bible Institute, in 1889. It helped generations of urban evangelists to adapt traditional Christianity to city life. |  | 11 |
| 5991664270 | Salvation Army | Imported from England in 1879, this charity provided the basic necessities of life for the homeless and the poor while also preaching Christian Gospel. | 12 | |
| 5991664271 | Susan B. Anthony | One of the founders of the National American Womens Suffrage Association or NAWSA (1890), which worked to secure voting rights for women. |  | 13 |
| 5991664272 | Francis Willard, WCTU | Leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) which advocated total abstinence from alcohol. |  | 14 |
| 5991664273 | Antisaloon League | In 1893, this organization became a powerful political force and by 1916 had persuaded twenty one states to close down all saloons and bars. |  | 15 |
| 5991664274 | Clarence Darrow | A famous lawyer, he argued that criminal behavior could be caused by an environment of poverty, neglect, and abuse. |  | 16 |
| 5991664275 | W.E.B. Du Bois | A leading black intellectual, he advocated for equality for blacks, integrated schools, and equal access to higher education. |  | 17 |
| 5991664276 | Mark Twain | The first great realist author, he is famous for his classic "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn". |  | 18 |
| 5991664277 | Frank Lloyd Wright | The most famous architect of the 20th century, he developed an organic style that made his buildings fit in with their natural surroundings. |  | 19 |
| 5991664278 | jazz, blues, ragtime | A form of music that combined African rhythms and western-style instruments and mixed improvisation with a structured band format. |  | 20 |
| 5991664279 | Joseph Pulitzer | He established the first newspaper to exceed over one million in circulation by filling it with sensational stories of crime and disaster. |  | 21 |
