Terms : Hide Images
| 4654318573 | which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system | direct long-term function, such as growth | 0 | |
| 4654319199 | the ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord | central | 1 | |
| 4654319343 | the ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles | somatic | 2 | |
| 4654320304 | the part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to to the CNS is designated | afferent | 3 | |
| 4654320534 | which of the following is NOT a function of the neuroglia | memory | 4 | |
| 4654322631 | which of the following are a type of glial cell found in the peripheral nervous system | satellite cells | 5 | |
| 4654323102 | the largest and most numerous glial cells in the CNS are the | astrocytes | 6 | |
| 4654323298 | functions of the astrocytes include all of the following EXCEPT | conducting action potentials | 7 | |
| 4654323916 | the myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by | oligodendrocytes | 8 | |
| 4654324534 | ___________ line the brain ventricles and spinal cord | ependymal cells | 9 | |
| 4654325311 | small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the SNC are called | microglia | 10 | |
| 4654325988 | the neurilemma of axons in the PNS is formed by | Schwann Cells | 11 | |
| 4654326197 | glial cells that surround the neurons in a ganglia are | satellite cells | 12 | |
| 4654326557 | which of the following is NOT a recognized structural classification for neurons | pseudopolar | 13 | |
| 4654326932 | the most abundant class of neuron in the CNS is | multipolar | 14 | |
| 4654327358 | the cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron is called the | perikaryon | 15 | |
| 4654327540 | the axon is connected to the soma at the | axon hillock | 16 | |
| 4654329312 | braces that may occur along an axon are called | collaterals | 17 | |
| 4654329754 | axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as | telodendria | 18 | |
| 4654330247 | clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called | nissl bodies | 19 | |
| 4654330689 | neurotransmitter for release is stored in synaptic | vesicles | 20 | |
| 4654331583 | the site of intracellular communications between neurons is the | synapse | 21 | |
| 4654331835 | the rabies virus travels to the CNS via | retrograde axoplasmic transport | 22 | |
| 4654332479 | neurons that are rare, small and lack features that distinguish dendrites from axons are called | anaxonic | 23 | |
| 4654333041 | neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called | unipolar | 24 | |
| 4654333278 | neurons that have one axon and one dendrite with the soma between are called | bipolar | 25 | |
| 4654333487 | neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called | multipolar | 26 | |
| 4654334157 | sensory neurons of the PNS are | unipolar | 27 | |
| 4654334509 | which of the following activities or sensations in NOT motivated monitored by interoceptors | sight | 28 | |
| 4654336926 | which of the following is NOT involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron | membrane permeability for sodium ions greater than potassium ions | 29 | |
| 4654338749 | which of the following interactions between electrical and chemical gradients does NOT lead to the the establishment of a neurons resting potential | electrical forces push sodium ions out of the cell | 30 | |
| 4654339867 | at the normal resting potential of typical neuron, its Na-K ion exchange pump transports | 3 intracellular sodium ions for 2 extracellular potassium ions | 31 | |
| 4654342299 | ion channels that are always open are called ___________ channels | leak | 32 | |
| 4654342300 | opening of sodium channels in the axon membrane causes | depolarization; increased positive changed inside the membrane | 33 | |
| 4654342304 | voltage-gated channels are present | in the membrane that covers axons | 34 | |
| 4654342739 | the following are the main steps int he generation of an action potential | 4, 6, 7, 1, 2, 3, 5 | 35 | |
| 4654343328 | the sodium-potassium ion exchange pump | moves sodium and potassium opposite to the direction of their electrochemical gradients | 36 | |
| 4654346341 | the all-or-none principle states that | all stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce identical action potentials | 37 | |
| 4654347680 | in the process of continuous action potential propagation | the action potential is triggered by graded depolarization of the initial segment; at threshold, sodium channels begin to open rapidly; local currents depolarize the region adjacent to the active zone; A B & C | 38 | |
| 4654352225 | in the process of saltatory action potential regulations | the action potential is triggered by graded depolarization of the initial segment, at threshold, sodium channels begin to open rapidly, local currents depolarize to a sensitive spot distant from the active zone; A B D | 39 | |
| 4654355081 | which of the following does not influence the time necessary for nerve impulse to be transmitted | whether or not the impulse begins the CNS | 40 | |
| 4654356260 | which of the following types of nerve fibers possesses the fastest speed of impulse propogation | type A | 41 | |
| 4654696604 | which of the following comparisons between neurons and muscles tissue is FALSE | action potentials are briefer in muscle fibers | 42 | |
| 4654697592 | which type of synapse is most common in the nervous system | chemical | 43 | |
| 4654698213 | the ion that triggers the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is | calcium | 44 | |
| 4654698687 | Cholinergic synapses release the neurotransmitter | acetylchoine | 45 | |
| 4654699724 | the following are the steps involved in transmission at a cholinergic synapse | 4,2, 6, 7, 1, 8, 3, 5 | 46 | |
| 4654700423 | adrenergic synapses realize the neurotransmitter | norepinephrine | 47 | |
| 4654701866 | if the chemically gated sodium channels in the postsynaptic membrane were completely blocked, | synaptic transmission would fail | 48 | |
| 4654702378 | the effect that a neurotransmitter has on the postsynaptic membrane depends on | the frequency of neurotransmitter release, the nature of the neurotransmitter, the characteristics of the receptors, the quantity of neurotransmitters released, all of the above | 49 | |
| 4654703706 | which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain | glutamate | 50 | |
| 4654704276 | which of the following is NOT a possible drug effect on synaptic function | change the type of receptor found in the post synaptic membrane | 51 | |
| 4654705031 | the site in the neuron where EPSPs and IPSPs are integrated is the | axon hillock | 52 | |
| 4654705744 | EPSPs (excitatory postsynaptic potentials) occur when | extra sodium ions center a cell | 53 | |
| 4654706470 | IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials) | are local hyperpolarizations | 54 | |
| 4654707126 | when a second EPSP arrives as a single synapse before the effect of the first have disappear, what occurs | temporal summation | 55 | |
| 4654707746 | summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses as multiple places on the neuron is | spatial summation | 56 | |
| 4654708235 | after acetylcholinesterase acts, the synaptic know | reabsorbs the choline | 57 | |
| 4654709337 | active neurons need ATP to support which of the following | movement of materials to the some by axoplasmic transport, synthesis of neurotransmitter molecules, movement of materials from the soma by axoplasmic transport, all of the above | 58 | |
| 4654712992 | the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervate | skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, heart muscle cells, glandular cells, all of the above | 59 | |
| 4654713981 | integral membrane proteins that connect electrical synapses are called | connexons | 60 | |
| 4654714551 | the same ______ can have different effects depending on the properties of the ________ | neurotransmitter; receptor | 61 | |
| 4654715506 | deteriorating changes in the distal segment of an axon as a result of a break between it and the soma is called ____________ degeneration | Wallerian | 62 | |
| 4654715875 | which of the following is a function of neuroglia | regulate the composition of interstitial fluid, provide a supportive framework, produce cerebrospinal fluid, act a phagocytes, all of the above | 63 | |
| 4654716836 | the cytoskeleton of the perikaryon contains which of the following | neurofilaments, neurofibils neurotubules, A B C | 64 | |
| 4654718573 | ____________ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons | anaxonic | 65 | |
| 4654719759 | _____________ neurons are short, with a cell body between dendrite and axon, and occur in the special sense organs | bipolar | 66 | |
| 4654722067 | the axoplasm of the axon contains which of the following | neurotbules, mitochondria, vesicles, neurofibrils, all of the above | 67 | |
| 4654722853 | in a(n) ________ neuron, the dendrites and axon are continuous or fused | unipolar | 68 | |
| 4654723114 | __________ neurons are the most common class in the CNS | multipolar | 69 | |
| 4654723389 | __________ neurons form the afferent division of the PNS | sensory | 70 | |
| 4654724911 | __________ are the most numerous type of neuron in the CNS | Interneurons | 71 | |
| 4654725208 | which of the following are types of neuroglia | ependymal cells, microglia, astrocytes, ogliodendrocytes, all of the above | 72 | |
| 4654726789 | ________ account for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system | Synapses | 73 | |
| 4654728404 | ions can move across the plasma membrane in which of the following ways | through voltage-gatated channels as in the action potential, through passive or leak channels, by ATP-dependent ion pumps like the sodium-potassium exchange pump, through chemically gated channels, all of the above | 74 | |
| 4654729275 | which of the following are properties of cerebrospinal fluid | surrounds the brain and spinal cord, fills the brain ventricles, transports nutrients, circulates continuously; all of the above | 75 | |
| 4654730894 | the function of the astrocytes in the CNS includes which of the following | adjusting the composition of interstitial fluid, guiding neuron development, maintaining the flood-brain barrie, repairing the damaged neural tissue, all of the above | 76 | |
| 4654731775 | the largest and most numbers neuroglia in the CNS are the | astrocytes | 77 | |
| 4654732372 | the smallest neuroglia of the CNS are the | microglia | 78 | |
| 4654733134 | raising the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell will have which effect | Depolarize it, decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential | 79 | |
| 4654735814 | the equilibrium potential for potassium ion occurs at approximately | -90 mV | 80 | |
| 4654736113 | ion channels that are always on are know as | active channels; voltage-gated channels | 81 | |
| 4654736773 | ___________ open and close binding to specific molecules | chemically gated channels | 82 | |
| 4654737465 | _________ channels open or close in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface | mechanically gated | 83 | |
| 4654738293 | any stimulus that opens __________ ion channel will produce a graded potential | a voltage-gated, chemically gated, a sodium, a mechanically gated, all of the above | 84 | |
| 4654739909 | type _________ fibers have the largest diameter axons | Type A | 85 | |
| 4654739910 | sensory information from skeletal muscles travel over __________ fibers | type A | 86 | |
| 4654741997 | which of the following statements about action potential is FALSE | the rapid depolarization phase is cause by the entry of potassium ions | 87 | |
| 4654743288 | for which of the following functions do active neurons require a supply of ATP | syntheses and reuptake of neurotransmitters, axoplasmic transport, powering the sodium-potassium exchange pump, all of the above | 88 | |
| 4654744306 | when pressure is applied to neural tissue, all these effects are possible EXCEPT | neurons are triggered to divide | 89 | |
| 4654745206 | in the peripheral nervous system, schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves by | forming a cellular cord that directs axonal growth | 90 | |
| 4654746062 | voltage-gated channels have both an activation gate and a(n) __________ gate | inactivation | 91 | |
| 4654746678 | most CNS neuron lack centrioles, this observation explains | why CNS neurons cannot regenerate | 92 | |
| 4654747723 | each of the following is an example of neuroeffector junction EXCEPT the junction between a neuron and a(n) | nerve cell | 93 | |
| 4654748535 | how does blocking retrograde axoplasmic transport in an axon affect the activity of a neuron | the soma becomes unable to respond to changes in the distal end of the axon | 94 | |
| 4654749260 | many medications introduced into the bloodstream cannot directly affect the neurons of the CNS because | the endothelium of CNS capillaries forms a blood-brain barrier | 95 | |
| 4654750091 | extensive damage to ogliodendrocytes in the CNS could result in | loss of sensation and motor control | 96 | |
| 4654750437 | damage to ependymal cells would most likely affect the | formation of cerebrospinal fluid | 97 | |
| 4654751238 | if the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases | the membrane potential will depolarize, inward movement of sodium ion will increase | 98 | |
| 4654751662 | graded potentials | maybe be either a depolarization or a hyperpolarization | 99 | |
| 4654752690 | if the potassium permeability of a resting neuron increases above the resting permeability, what affect will this have on the transmembrane potential | the inside of the membrane will become more positive | 100 | |
| 4654753844 | if the sodium-potassium pumps in the plasma membrane fail to function, all of the following occur EXCEPT | the intracellular concentration of potassium ions will increase | 101 | |
| 4654754950 | how would the absolute refractory period be affected if voltage-regulated sodium channels failed to inactivate | it would last indefinitely | 102 | |
| 4655372684 | in which of the following would the rate of impulse conduction be the greatest | a myelinated fiber of -10um diameter | 103 | |
| 4655373263 | which of the following is true about threshold for an action potential | it is more positive than the resting potential; voltage-gated sodium channels begin to open | 104 | |
| 4655373809 | when cholinergic receptors are stimulated | sodium ions enter the postsynaptic neuron | 105 | |
| 4655374927 | if the axon terminal of a motor neuron suddenly became permeable to calcium ion | the motor end plate will be depolarized | 106 | |
| 4655375267 | presynaptic facilitation by serotonin is caused by | calcium channels in the presynaptic membrane remaining open longer | 107 | |
| 4655377038 | after a stroke, what type of glial cell accumulates within the affected brain region | microglia | 108 | |
| 4655377458 | puffer fish bucks voltage-gated sodium channels like a cork. what effect would this neurotoxin have on the function of neurons | the axon would be unable to generate action potentials | 109 | |
| 4655377709 | opioids relieve pain by clocking the release of | substance p | 110 | |
| 4655378078 | which of the following is a recognized class of opiod neuromodulators | endorphins, enkephalins, endomorphins, dynorphins, all of the above | 111 | |
| 4655380631 | the structures labeled 1 are dendrites their membranes contain numerous chemically gate ion channels | both statements are true and relate to synaptic transmission | 112 | |
| 4655381235 | the structure labeled 2 is a | soma | 113 | |
| 4655381443 | which type of membrane channels are found at label 3 | voltage-gates na+ channels AND voltage gated k+ channels | 114 | |
| 4655381844 | which part of the neuron can conduct action potential | 3 & 4 | 115 | |
| 4655382177 | identify the structure labeled 5 | synaptic terminals | 116 | |
| 4655383162 | which area of the graph shows when passive depolarization is occurring | 1 | 117 | |
| 4655383634 | which area of the graph occurs when there is a sudden inrush of sodium ions | 2 | 118 | |
| 4655383948 | which area of the graph shows when membrane potential approaches the potassium equilibrium potential | 4 | 119 | |
| 4655384246 | which point of the graph shows when potassium ion outflow exceeds sodium ion inflow | 3 | 120 | |
| 4655384311 | when is the neuron in the refractory period | 4 | 121 | |
| 4654342296 | ion channels that are always open are called ___________ channels | leak | 122 |
