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| 6051519179 | Mitosis | Cell division that produces normal cells, produces two identical daughter cells. | 0 | |
| 6051519180 | Meiosis | Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms, produces four identical daughter cells. | 1 | |
| 6051519181 | Centrioles | In animal cells, a pair of centrioles organize microtubules into spindle fibers. These guide chromosomes in mitosis. | 2 | |
| 6051519183 | Interphase | 90% of the cell cycle. The cell does its "everyday job": RNA is produced, proteins are synthesized. The cell is preparing for duplication -- it is ready whenever it is triggered. |  | 3 |
| 6051519184 | G1 Phase | Initiated by a signal to divide. 1st growth period of the cell. Cell does its "everyday job." Cell grows, preparing for division. | 4 | |
| 6051519185 | S Phase | DNA Synthesis. The cell copies chromosomes. | 5 | |
| 6051519186 | Chromatin | The DNA-Protein complex formed when DNA molecules wrap around histone proteins. | 6 | |
| 6051519187 | Chromosomes | A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. |  | 7 |
| 6051519189 | Centromeres | Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached. | 8 | |
| 6051519190 | Sister Chromatids | Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis. |  | 9 |
| 6051519191 | Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis. Code for the same gene, but may have different alleles. |  | 10 |
| 6051519192 | G2 Phase | The cell prepares for division. Cell grows even more. Produces more organelles, proteins, and membranes. | 11 | |
| 6051519193 | Prophase | Chromatin condenses. Centrioles move to opposite poles of cell. Protein fibers cross cell to form mitotic spindle. Nuclear membrane breaks down. |  | 12 |
| 6051519194 | Prometaphase | Transition to metaphase. Spindle fibers attach to centromeres. Microtubules attach at kinetochores. Chromosomes begin moving. | 13 | |
| 6051519195 | Kinetochores | Attachments between the microtubules and sister chromatids. | 14 | |
| 6051519196 | spindle | fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis | 15 | |
| 6051519197 | Metaphase | Chromosomes align along middle of cell, ensuring chromosomes separate properly. |  | 16 |
| 6051519198 | Metaphase Plate | Plane midway between the two poles of the cell where chromosomes line up during metaphase. |  | 17 |
| 6051519199 | Anaphase | Sister chromatids separate at kinetochores. Poles move farther apart. |  | 18 |
| 6051519201 | Telophase | Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles. Spindle fibers disperse. Cytokinesis begins. | 19 | |
| 6051519204 | Cleavage Furrow | The first sign of cleavage in an animal cell; a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate. |  | 20 |
| 6051519207 | Cancer | A collection of related diseases in which cells divide uncontrollably | 21 | |
| 6051519208 | G1 checkpoint | At the end of G1 phase, if cell is not ready to divide it may arrest here (G0 phase - nerve and muscle cells remain here, rarely divide after maturing) and never proceed or wait until it is ready. |  | 22 |
| 6051519209 | S checkpoint | DNA damage checkpoint: DNA recplication halted if genome is damage | | 23 |
| 6051519210 | cyclin | one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells |  | 24 |
| 6051519211 | gamete | A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote. |  | 25 |
| 6051519212 | zygote | A fertilized egg | 26 | |
| 6051519213 | binary fission | A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size | 27 | |
| 6051519214 | budding | Asexual reproduction in which a part of the parent organism pinches off and forms a new organism |  | 28 |
| 6051519216 | chiasmata | The microscopically visible site where crossing over has occurred between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. |  | 29 |
| 6051519217 | crossing over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis. | 30 | |
| 6051526702 | Metastasis | The spread of cancer cells beyond their original site | 31 | |
| 6051528595 | density-dependent inhibition | crowded cells stop dividing | 32 | |
| 6051532933 | anchorage dependence | The requirement that to divide, a cell must be attached to a solid surface. | 33 | |
| 6051548046 | tumor-suppressor genes | a gene whose protein product inhibits cell division, thereby preventing the uncontrolled cell growth that contributes to cancer | 34 | |
| 6051549261 | Proto-oncogenes | Genes that stimulate mitosis | 35 | |
| 10487457750 | Lytic Cycle | A type of viral (phage) replication cycle resulting in the release of new phages by lysis (and death) of the host cell. | 36 | |
| 10487459056 | Lysogenic Cycle | A phage replication cycle in which the viral genome becomes incorporated into the bacterial host chromosome as a prophage and does not kill the host. | 37 | |
| 10487462187 | Oogenesis | the production, growth, and maturation of an egg, or ovum | 38 | |
| 10487463104 | Spermatogenesis | the production of sperm cells | 39 | |
| 10487464691 | Polar Body | a small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded | 40 |
